常用词词性转换及派生 词义 动词v. 名词n. 形容词adj. 反义词 其他派生词 使能够 enable ability/disability able disable disabled/unable abnormal normal 缺席 absence absent academy academic 加速 accelerate acceleration 接受 accept acceptance acceptable unacceptable 接进 access access accessible accommodate accommodation 积累 accumulate accumulation 陪伴 accompany company 精确的 accuracy accurate inaccurate 达到，获得 achieve achievement achievable 获得，习得 acquire acquisition 表演，行动 act action/act/activity active inactive actual/actually adapt adaptation 增加， add addition additional adequacy adequate 调整/使适应 adjust adjustment 敬佩 admire admiration admirable 承认 admit admission adopt adoption adopted 前进 advance advance advanced advantage disadvantage 事故 accident accidentally 使上瘾 addict addition addicted/addictive addict 做广告 advertise advertisement advertiser 影响,打动 affect effect agent agency 侵略，侵犯 aggression aggressive aggressor agriculture agricultural 同意 agree agreement agreeable disagree disagreement allocate allocation 允许 allow allowance allowable 使吃惊 amaze amazement amazing/amazed ambition ambitious 逗乐、娱乐 amuse amusement amusing/amused analyze analysis 生气 anger angry 通知 announce announcement 使烦恼 annoy annoyance annoying/annoyed anticipate anticipation 焦虑，焦急 anxiety anxious anxiously applaud applause 约定 appoint appointment 道歉 apologize apology 出现 appear appearance disappear disappearance 申请 apply applicant application 欣赏 appreciate appreciation appreciable approach approach approachable 批准；认可 approve approval disapproval 争吵，争论 argue argument arguable arrange arrangement 到达 arrive arrival assess assessment 帮助 assist assistant/assistance associate association 假定，假设 assume assumption 使惊讶 astonish astonishment astonishing(ed) athlete athletic 附上，依恋 attach attachment 吸引 attract attraction attractive unattractive attractively 知道的 awareness aware unaware bake bakery 平衡 balance balance balanced 以…为基础 base basis，base basic basement bathe bath bathtub 生，忍受 bear birth bearable unbearable birthday/birthplace 美化 beautify beauty beautiful beautifully 开始 begin beginner beginning 表现 behave behavior 相信 believe belief believable unbelievable believably benefit beneficial 背叛 betray betrayal 盲的 blindness blind blindly 流血 bleed blood bloody bleeding(n.) 使烦闷 bore bored/boring 勇敢 bravery brave bravely brief briefly 打碎 break broken 呼吸 breathe breath breathless breathlessly burn burnt 忙碌 business busy businessman calculate calculation 有能力的 capability/capacity capable 关心，喜欢 care care careful/careless carefully/carelessly casual casually 小心 caution caution cautious 庆祝 celebrate celebration celebrated celebrity 中心 centre central 挑战 challenge challenge challenging 改变 change change changeable unchangeable character characteristic（&n.） 欢呼 cheer cheer cheerful cheerfully 化学 chemistry chemical chemist 小孩 child childish childhood 选择 choose choice chosen civilize civilization civilized 澄清 clarify clarification 分类 classify class classic/classical classification 靠近的 close closely 关闭 close close closed 收集 collect collection collective 结合 combine combination 舒适 comfort comfort comfortable uncomfortable discomfort commerce commercial 承诺 commit commitment 沟通 communicate communication communicative accompany company/companion 比较 compare comparison comparable comparative 赔偿 compensate compensation 竞争 compete competition/
competence competitive competitor 抱怨 complain complaint 信心 confidence confident confidential 关心；有关 concern concern concerned unconcerned concerning conclude conclusion 指挥 conduct conductor 使混淆 confuse confusion confusing/confused congratulate congratulation 连接 connect connection connected consciousness conscious unconscious 后果 consequence consequent consequently 保存，保护 conserve conservation conservative 考虑 consider consideration considerate considerable 构建 construct construction consult consultant 消耗 consume consumption 矛盾 contradict contradictory 贡献 contribute contribution 方便，便利 convenience convenient inconvenient inconveniently convention conventional 使相信 convince convincing 纠正 correct correction correct 腐败 corruption corrupt 鼓励 encourage courage discourage encouragement 覆盖 cover cover covered uncovered 创造 create creation creative creativity 犯罪 crime/criminal criminal criticize critic/criticism critical 拥挤的 crowd crowded 残忍 cruelty cruel 文化 culture cultural 好奇的 curiosity curious 骑自信车 cycle cyclist recycle 危险 endanger danger dangerous endangered 死 die death dead deadly 决定 decide decision decisive declare declaration 装饰 decorate decoration 防卫，保护 defend defence 定义 define definition 故意的 deliberate deliberately 高兴 delight delight delighted delightful deliver delivery 要求 demand demand demanding 否认，拒绝 deny denial 离开 depart departure 依赖 depend dependence dependent independent independence depress depression depressed 深 deepen depth deep deeply 描述 describe description desperation desperate desperately 破坏 destroy destruction 决定 determine determination determined 发展；晒相 develop development developed developing devote devotion devoted 区别,不同 differ difference different differently 困难 difficulty difficult direct direction/director direct directly 使失望 disappoint disappointment disappointing(ed) 使泄气 discourage discouragement discouraging(ed) discover discovery 歧视，区分 discriminate discrimination 讨论 discuss discussion 恶心 disgust disgust disgusting/ed 距离 distance distant 分配 distribute distribution 打扰 disturb disturbing 分开，分成 divide division divided donate donation 喝 drink drinker drunk dusk dusky 灰尘 dust dusty 经济 economy economic/economical economist 编辑 edit edition editor 教育 educate education/educator educational elder elderly 选举 elect election 电 electricity electric/electronic electrical elegance elegant 尴尬 embarrass embarrassment embarrassed/ing 紧急 emergency emergent 情绪 emotion emotional 强调 emphasize emphasis 雇用 employ employment employed unemployed employer(ee) encourage encouragement encouraging/ed 结束 end end/ending endless 活力，能量 energy energetic 享受 enjoy enjoyment enjoyable joyful enlarge large 询问 enquire enquiry 进入 enter entry/entrance 娱乐 entertain entertainment 热情 enthusiasm enthusiastic 环境 environment environmental environmentalist envy envious 平等 e/
equal equality equal unequal equally 设备 equip equipment 评估，评价 evaluate evaluation 迹象 evidence evident 进化 evolve evolution 确切 exact exactly 例外 exception except 使兴奋 excite excitement excited/exciting exhibit exhibition 存在 exist existence 期望,预期 expect expectation expected unexpected unexpectedly expense expensive 经历 experience experience experienced 解释；说明 explain explanation 爆炸 explode explosion explosive explore exploration/explorer 暴露，揭示 expose exposure 出口 export export import express expression 延长，延伸 extend extension 极端的 extreme extremely 面对 face face facial 失败 fail failure faith faithful 名声，名望 fame famous 时尚 fashion fashionable feel feeling 最后 final finally 财政;金融 finance finance financial firm firmly 健康，适合 fitness fit 灵活的，有弹性的 flexibility flexible 流畅 fluency fluent fluently fog foggy 跟踪；跟着 follow following fool fool foolish 外国的 foreigner foreign 忘记 forget forgetfulness forgetful
forgettable(易忘记的) unforgettable 运气 fortune fortunate unfortunate misfortune found foundation 脆弱 fragility fragile 芬芳 fragrance fragrant 自由 free freedom free freely 使结冰 freeze freezing frozen frequency frequent frequently 朋友 friend friendly friendship 使惊恐 frighten fright frightened/frightening 霜 frost frosty 乐趣 fun funny 陈设,布置 furnish furniture furnished well-furnished general generally 慷慨 generosity generous 基因 gene genetic 礼物，才能 gift gifted 地球 globalize globe global globalization glory glorious 统治；管理 govern governor government grace graceful 逐渐的 gradual gradually 毕业 graduate graduation graduate gratitude grateful 问候，招呼 greet greeting 成长，增长 grow growth guide guidance 内疚，罪行 guilt guilty 手 hand hand handy 快乐，幸福 happiness happy unhappy happily/unhappily 使变硬 harden hardship hard hard(adv) 伤害 harm harm harmful harmless 和谐 harmony harmonious 恨 hate hatred hateful 健康 health healthy healthily hear hearing 高 height high highly高度地 帮助 help help helpful helpless 犹豫 hesitate hesitation hesitant 历史 history historic historical honest honesty 希望 hope hope hopeful hopeless hopelessness 恐怖；惊恐 horror horrible horribly 幽默 humor humorous 饥饿 hunger hungry hungrily 身份 identify identity identification ignore ignorance ignorant 合法 legal illegal legally illustrate illustration 想像 imagine imagination imaginative imaginary 模仿 imitate imitation 移民 immigrate immigration immigrant 重要 importance important unimportant 可能 possibility possible impossible impossibility 印象 impress impression impressive 提高；改良 improve improvement include including 工业 industry industrial industrially infect infection infected 膨胀，夸大 inflate inflation inflated 告知 inform information 伤害 injure injury injured innocence innocent 创新 innovate innovation 检查，视察 inspect inspection 鼓舞，激发 inspire inspiration inspired/inspiring instant instant instantly 指示/教育 instruct instruction instructive instructor 保险 insure insurance 智力 intellect intellectual/intelligent intelligence 打算，想要 intend intention intentional interact interaction 兴趣 interest interest interested/interesting 口译；解释 interpret interpretation interpreter interrupt interruption 采访 interview interviewer/ee 介绍，引进 introduce introduction 发明 invent invention inventor investigate investigation 邀请 invite invitation involve involvement involved 工作 job jobless joy joyful 判断 judge judge judgment justify justice 善良 kindness kind 知道 know knowledge known unknown well-known 大 enlarge large laugh laughter 懒惰 laziness lazy lazily 领导；引导 lead leader/leadership leading mislead（v) 学习 learn learner learned 长 lengthen length long liberate liberation/liberty 可能 like likely unlikely 有限的 limit limit limited limitaition 文学 literature literary literally 生活 live life live/lively living/alive 位于 locate location belocatedin logic logical illogical loosen loose loosely 损失；失败 lose loss lost 魔术，魔法 magician magic magic mature immature 幸运 luck lucky 主要的 major major majority 管理 manage manager management 结婚 marry marriage married unmarried 药 medicine medical mass massive 意思 mean meaning 记忆 memorize memory memorial 精神的 mental mentally 仁慈 mercy merciful 把...搞乱 mess mess messy migrate migration 最小量 minimum maximum 少数 minority minor 悲惨 misery miserable 误会 misunderstand misunderstanding misunderstood understand understanding(n.) mistake mistake mistaken 道德的 moral immoral 刺激 motivate motivation motivated 山 mountain mountainous 移动;前进 move movement moving moved mud muddy 相乘 multiply multiple 谋杀 murder murder/murderer 音乐 music musical musician mystery mysterious 名字 name name namely(adv) 国家;民族 nation/nationality national international 自然 nature natural unnatural naturally 必需的 necessity necessary unnecessary necessarily negotiate negotiation 紧张的 nerve nervous nervously 喧闹的 noise noisy noisily 正常的 normal abnormal normally number numerous 营养 nutrition nutritious 服从，听从 obey disobey object objective 观察 observe observation observable 占据 occupy occupation occupied 冒犯 offend offence offensive defend office official officer 运作，操作 operate operation/operator operative cooperate 反对 oppose o opposite 选择 option optional 组织 organize organization organized organizer 起源 originate origin original 痛苦 pain painful painless panic panic panicky 参与 participate participation participant 耐心 patience patient impatient peace peaceful 表演，表现 perform performance performer 允许 permit permission 人 person personal personality
/personally 劝说 persuade persuasive philosophy philosophical 物理 physics physical 取悦 please pleasure pleased pleasant 毒药 poison poisonous 礼貌 politeness polite impolite politics political politician 污染 pollute pollution pollutant 流行 popularity popular 拥有，持有 possess possession possibility possible impossible 力量 power powerful 实践 practice practice practical pray prayer 预测 predict prediction predictable unpredictable 宁愿，情愿 prefer preference preferable 准备 prepare preparation prepared unprepared 处方 prescribe prescription 展示 present presentation presenter preserve preservation 压力 press pressure 防止 prevent prevention preventable 价格 price priceless prior priority 监狱 prison prisoner 步骤 proceed procedure 生产 produce production productive product，producer 职业，专业 profession professional unprofessional professor promote promotion 发音 pronounce pronunciation propose proposal 保护 protect protection protective protector 证明 prove proof pride proud 心理 psychology psychological psychologically 出版 publish publication 惩罚 punish punishment puzzle puzzle puzzled/puzzling 资格 qualify qualification qualified unqualified 种族 race racial racism/racist 放射 radiation radioactive 反应 react reaction 意识，实现 realize realization real reality/really 理论 reason reason reasonable unreasonable 接收 receive receiver/reception receipt/receptionist recognize recognition 推荐 recommend recommendation 恢复 recover recovery 提及，查阅 refer reference referee 反射，反映 reflect reflection reflective 拒绝 refuse refusal regard regards regardless regarding 登记 register registration 规律 regulation regular irregular 拒绝 reject rejection 关系 relate relation related relative
/relationship 放松 relax relaxation relaxing，relaxed 有关系的 relevant irrelevant 依靠 rely reliability reliable unreliable relieve relief relieved 宗教 religion religious remain remains remaining 移动 remove removal 代表 represent representative representative 要求 require requirement 解救、拯救 rescue rescue rescuer resemble resemblance 保存 reserve reservation 辞职 resign resignation 抵抗，排斥 resist resistance resistant irresistible respond response 责任 responsibility responsible irresponsible 尊敬 respect respect respectful respectable 方面 respect respective respectively 限制 restrict restriction restricted retire retirement retired 复习，评论 review/revise revision reviewer 修订 revise revision 抢劫 rob robbery 粗鲁，无礼 rudeness rude rudely 安全 safety safe 盐 salt salty 满足 satisfy satisfaction satisfied/satisfying satisfactory scarce scarcely 吓唬 scare scared scary 科学 science scientific scientist 安全 secure security secure insecure 选择 select selection selected 自己 self selfish unselfish selfless 感官 sense sensitive insensitive sensitivity separate separation separately 为…服务 serve service servant 安定，居住 settle settlement settled settler severity severe severely 羞愧，羞耻 shame shameful shameless ashamed 尖，锋利 sharpen sharpener sharp sharply 刮 shave shaver sick sickness 看见 see sight insight(n) 签字 sign signal/signature significance significant 安静 silence silent similarity similar 简单 simplify simplification simple simply sincerity sincere sincerely 技巧 skill skilled/skillful 奴隶 slave slave slavery 睡觉 sleep sleep sleepy smell smelly 顺利 smooth smoothly 下雪 snow snowy 社会 socialize society social socialist,socialism solve solution 悲伤 sorrow sorrowful 特别的 specialist special specialize 精神 spirit spiritual stability stable 污点 stain stainless （使）挨饿 starve starvation 陈述 state statement statesman 储藏 store storage store(n) 陌生的 stranger strange 强，有力 strengthen strength strong 压力 stress stress stressed stressful 风格 style stylish stylist subject subjective 顺从 submit submission 订阅 subscribe subscription 成功 succeed success successful 遭受 suffer suffering 建议 suggest suggestion 适合 suit suitable summarize summary 卓越的 superior super/superb
/superior 支持 support support supportive supporter 围绕 surround surroundings surrounding 幸存 survive survival survivor 象征 symbolize symbol symbolic 同情 sympathize sympathy sympathetic 系统 system systematic 口味，品味 taste taste tasty tasteless 技术 technique technical technology 倾向 tend tendency 紧张 tension tense 恐怖 terrify terror t/terrifying terrorism/terrorist 理论 theory theoretical thief theft 渴 thirst thirsty 想，思想 think thought thoughtful thinking 威胁 threaten threat thrill thriller thrilled thrilling 使劳累 tire tiredness tiring,tired tiresome 忍受 tolerate tolerance/toleration tolerant/tolerable intolerant/intolerable 触摸 touch touch touched touching 旅游, tour tour tourism/tourist 传统 tradition traditional 变形，变化 transform transformation transformer 翻译 translate translation translator 对待，治疗 treat treat/treatment treaty trouble troublesome 真实的 trust truth true truly 尝试，审讯 try trial trouble troublesome 真实的 truth true truly 类别 type typical typist understand understanding understandable 宇宙 universe universal university 催促 urge urge urgent 使用 use use useful/useless user usual usually 有效的 validity valid invalid 价值 value value valuable valueless Invaluable 类别 vary variety various 违反，触犯 violate violation 暴力 violence violent violently 火山 volcano volcanic 志愿 volunteer volunteer voluntary voluntarily 侍候 wait waiting waiter/waitress 温暖 warm warmth warm warn warning 浪费 waste waste waste wasteful wave wave wavy 弱 weaken weakness weak 财富 wealth wealthy week weekly 疲惫 wear worn 重量 weigh weight 宽 widen width wide widespread will will willing unwilling unwillingness 智慧的 wisdom wise wrinkle wrinkled 奇迹 wonder wonder wonderful 木 wood wooden 羊毛 wool woolen worry worry worried 糟糕的 worse worsen 价值 worth worthless worthwhile/worthy wound wound wounded 年轻 youth young youngster zip zipper
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