阅读理解题解题技巧
一、要点精讲
1.如何做阅读理解题
做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且又相互联系的因素。如果具备了一定的答题技巧，那么最终将事半功倍。
做阅读理解题时，通常采用下面两种方式：
第一种：读文章——做题目——再读文章
这种方法的优点是能够迅速理清全文脉络，理解文章主题，连贯地进行信息的排查，缺点是由于人的记忆力有限，很多细节在做题时可能已经忘却，有不确定的地方需回到原文细细查找，寻找依据，耗时较多。这种传统的方法准确率较高，但速度稍慢。
这种阅读方法可以有效提高英文阅读水平，有利于培养学生的可持续性学习和发展的能力。
第二种：读题目——读文章——做题目
此做题方法又分两种方式，一种方式是只看题不看选项，即阅读问题，然后带着问题阅读文章;另一种方式是将题干和所有选择项看完，再阅读文章。第一种的优点是节约时间，缺点是由于不看选项，对于细节缺乏必要的把握，必要时需要返回文章找寻答题关键点;第二种方式就相对而言科学很多，优点是明确哪些是需要重点注意的目标信息，使阅读更有针对性，缺点是相对阅读文章的时间少，难免断章取义缺少宏观的把握，容易陷入干扰选项设置的陷阱之中。
2.阅读的方法
(1)跳读：就是快速的阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。
(2)略读：指比跳读慢些的阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。
(3)精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。
3.不同题型的解题技巧
(1)事实细节题
属于细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。这类题型的主要提问方式常为：
Whichofthefollowingistrue/NOTtrueinthepassage?
②WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTdiscussed/mentionedinthepassage?
③Whichistherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage?
④AllthefollowingstatementsareNOTtrueexcept.
细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有依据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题的理解。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because,since,as等；表转折关系的but,however,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand等等。
(2)猜测词义题
在高考阅读题中，考生遇到的最大障碍往往有两个：一是被某一单词的熟知含义所误导；二是被完全不认识的单词的意思所阻碍，从而出现理解偏差或理解困难，影响阅读的速度。解决这两个困难的一个重要方法是考生要通观全文，注意上下文的联系，学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
(3)推理判断题
做这类题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，又要对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展做正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。不要主观臆断，凭空想象，任意发挥，而走入误区。学生要学会运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图，运用归纳、对比、演绎技能，运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意，同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如：否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等)。
这类试题常以如下句式出现：Whatcanyouconclude/implyfromthispassage?②What’stheauthor’sattitude（态度）towards...?
Wecaninfer/learnfromthepassagethat...
(4)主旨大意题
这种题型要求考生能够把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题思想，能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法解题，难度较大，属于高层次题。
一般主旨大意题可以分为两类：
A．确定文章的标题和主题(titleortopic)
标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子。要确定文章标题，首先，要在阅读原文的基础上，考虑标题是否与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容。不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；然后，要注意标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应简练并能吸引读者。
常见的标题型题干：
Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe________.
②Thetext(passage)couldbeentitled______.
③Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
④What’sthetopicofthearticle?
B.主题句（topicsentence）及主旨大意(mainidea)的概括
一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。此句叫做主题句。一般来说，说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句，要求读者把握每段的主题句，弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性。文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释,说明,论证或扩展。
常见的主题句和主旨型题干：
Whatisthetopicsentenceofthepassage?
②Thisarticle/text/passagemainlytellsthat_____________.
③Whichofthefollowinggivesageneralideaofthepassage?
④Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?
二、典例剖析
【例题】LifeintheClear
Transparentanimalsletlightpassthroughtheirbodiesthesamewaylightpassesthroughawindow.Theseanimalstypicallylivebetweenthesurfaceoftheoceanandadepthofabout3,300feet—asfarasmostlightcanreach.Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch.SonkeJohnsen,ascientistinbiology,says,“Theseanimalslivethroughtheirlifealone.Theynevertouchanythingunlessthey’reeatingit,orunlesssomethingiseatingthem.”
Andtheyareasclearasglass.Howdoesananimalbecomesee-through?It’strickierthanyoumightthink.
Theobjectsaroundyouarevisiblebecausetheyinteractwithlight.Lighttypicallytravelsinastraightline.Butsomematerialsslowandscatter(散射)light,bouncingitawayfromitsoriginalpath.Othersabsorblight,stoppingitdeadinitstracks.Bothscatteringandabsorptionmakeanobjectlookdifferentfromotherobjectsaroundit,soyoucanseeiteasily.
Butatransparentobjectdoesn’tabsorborscatterlight,atleastnotverymuch,Lightcanpassthroughitwithoutbendingorstopping.Thatmeansatransparentobjectdoesn’tlookverydifferentfromthesurroundingairorwater.Youdon’tseeit----youseethethingsbehindit.
Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight.Livingmaterialscanstoplightbecausetheycontainpigments(色素)thatabsorbspecificcolorsoflight.Butatransparentanimaldoesn’thavepigments,soitstissueswon’tabsorblight.AccordingtoJohnsen,avoidingabsorptionisactuallyeasy.Therealchallengeispreventinglightfromscattering.
Animalsarebuiltofmanydifferentmaterials----skin,fat,andmore----andlightmovesthrougheachatadifferentspeed.Everytimelightmovesintoamaterialwithanewspeed,itbendsandscatters.Transparentanimalsusedifferenttrickstofightscattering.Someanimalsaresimplyverysmallorextremelyflat.Withoutmuchtissuetoscatterlight,itiseasiertobesee—through.Othersbuildalarge,clearmassofnon-livingjelly-lie(果冻状的)materialandspreadthemselvesoverit.
Largertransparentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,becausetheyhavetomakeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasmuchaswaterdoes.Theyneedtolookuniform.Buthowthey’redoingitisstillunknown.Onethingisclearfortheselargeranimals,stayingtransparentisanactiveprocess.Whentheydie,theyturnanon-transparentmilkywhite.
【小题1】AccordingtoParagraph1,transparentanimals_______.
A.stayingroupsB.canbeeasilydamaged
C.appearonlyindeepoceanD.arebeautifulcreatures
【小题2】Theunderlinedword“dead”inParagraph3means__________.
A.silentlyB.gradually
C.regularlyD.completely
【小题3】Onewayforananimaltobecometransparentisto________.
A.changethedirectionoflighttravel
B.gathermaterialstoscatterlight.
C.avoidtheabsorptionoflight
D.growbiggertostoplight.
【小题4】Thelastparagraphtellsusthatlargertransparentanimals________.
A.movemoreslowlyindeepwater
B.staysee-throughevenafterdeath
C.producemoretissuesfortheirsurvival
D.takeeffectiveactiontoreducelightspreading
【答案】
【小题1】B
【小题2】D
【小题3】C
【小题4】D
【解析】
文章解释了生活在海洋的透明生物的特点，透明原理，以及形成机制。
【小题1】B细节理解题。文章第一段第三行：Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch。B选项：透明动物是很容易受伤的。故选B。
【小题2】D词义猜测题。该词出现在文章第三段第三行。前文提到了：你能看到的物体一种是对光线进行了散射；而另外一种是对光线的吸收。既然吸收了，那在光的传播过程中就完全阻止了，因此这里dead是“完全”的意思。故选D。
【小题3】C推理判断题。根据第五段第一句Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight。可知，想变透明就要避免散射或吸收光线，因此其中一个方法是，避免光线的吸收。故选C。
【小题4】D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的makeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasmuchaswaterdoes可以推断出D为正确答案。其中slowdown对应reduce。故选D。
【难度】较难
三、精题精练
1.
TheBoyMadeIt!
OneSunday,Nicholas,ateenager,wentskiingatSugarloafMountaininMaine.Intheearlyafternoon,whenhewasplanningtogohome,afiercesnowstormsweptintothearea.Unabletoseefar,heaccidentallyturnedoffthepath.Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone!Hedidn’thavefood,water,aphone,orothersupplies.Hewasgettingcolderbytheminute.
Nicholashadnoideawherehewas.Hetriednottopanic.HethoughtaboutallthesurvivalshowshehadwatchedonTV.Itwastimetoputthetipshehadlearnedtouse.
Hedecidedtostopskiing.Therewasabetterchanceofsomeonefindinghimifhestayedput.Thefirstthinghedidwastofindshelterformthefreezingwindandsnow.Ifhedidn’t,hisbodytemperaturewouldgetverylow,whichcouldquicklykillhim.
Usinghisskis,Nicholasbuiltasnowcave.Hegatheredahugemassofsnowanddugoutaholeinthemiddle.Thenhepiledbranchesontopofhimself,likeablanket,tostayaswarmashecould.
Bythatevening,Nicholaswasreallyhungry.Heatesnowanddrankwaterfromanearbystreamsothathisbodywouldn’tlosetoomuchwater.Notknowinghowmuchlongerhecouldlast,Nicholasdidtheonlythinghecould-hehuddled(蜷缩)inhiscaveandslept.
Thenextday,Nicholaswentouttolookforhelp,buthecouldn’tfindanyone.Hefollowedhistracksandreturnedtothesnowcave,becausewithoutshelter,hecoulddiethatnight.OnTuesday,Nicholaswentouttofindhelp.Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim.Aftertwodaysstuckinthesnow,Nicholaswassaved.
NicholasmightnothavesurvivedthissnowstormhaditnotbeenforTV.HehadoftenwatchedGrylls’survivalshow.Manvs.Wild.That’swherehelearnedthetipsthatsavedhislife,Ineachepisode(一期节目)ofManvs.Wild,Gryllsisabandonedinawildareaandhastofindhiswayout.
WhenGryllsheardaboutNicholas’amazingdeeds,hewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive.
【小题1】WhathappenedtoNicholasoneSundayafternoon?
A.Hegotlost.B.Hebrokehisskis.
C.Hehurthiseyes.D.Hecaughtacold.
【小题2】HowdidNicholaskeephimselfwarm?
A.Hefoundashelter.B.Helightedsomebranches.
C.Hekeptonskiing.D.Hebuiltasnowcave.
【小题3】OnTuesday,Nicholas_____.
A.returnedtohissheltersafely
B.wassavedbyasearcher
C.gotstuckinthesnow
D.stavedwherehewas
【小题4】NicholasleftGryllsaverydeepimpressionbecausehe_____.
A.didtherightthingsinthedangeroussituation
B.watchedGrylls’TVprogramregularly
C.createdsometipsforsurvival
D.wasveryhard-working
【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】D
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
【解析】
本文讲的是一个小男孩在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事。
【小题1】A细节理解题。根据第一段第三行，Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone!”可知Nicholas迷路了。故选A。
【小题2】D细节理解题。根据第四段第一行，Nicholasbuiltasnowcave以及tostayaswarmashecould可知，Nicholas保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞。故选D。
【小题3】B细节理解题。根据第六段第三行，Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim。可知，星期二的时候，Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了。故选B。
【小题4】A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的，HewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive。”可知，Grylls这个人想表达一个小男孩能在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，A选项正好能表达此意思。故选A。
【难度】较易
2.
SalvadorDali(1904-1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoL’EnigmesansFinfrom1938,worksonpaper,objects,andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist’sshowmanqualities.
ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning,theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.
TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(无限).“Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras,”explainsthePompidouCentre.
Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg.
【小题1】WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?
A.Optimistic.B.Productive
C.Generous.D.Traditional.
【小题2】WhatisDali’sThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe?
A.Oneofhismasterworks.
B.Asuccessfulscreenadaptation.
C.Anartisticcreationforthestage.
D.OneofthebeatTVprogrammes.
【小题3】HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali?
A.Bypopularity.
B.Byimportance.
C.Bysizeandshape.
D.Bytimeandsubject.
【小题4】Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastparagraphreferto?
A.Artworks.B.Projects.
C.Donations.D.Documents.
【答案】
【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】D
【小题4】A
【解析】
本文主要介绍了最受欢迎的现代艺术家萨尔瓦多·达利的艺术作品在巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心展览的细节。
【小题1】B细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.可知达利的作品是多产的。故选B。
【小题2】A细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.可知ThePersistenceofMemory是他的杰作之一。故选A。
【小题3】D细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.可知展览是根据时间和主题安排的。故选D。
【小题4】A词义推测题。根据文章最后一段Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg.可以推测出contribution为“艺术作品”之一。故选A。
【难度】较易
3.
【小题1】AccordingtotheCode,visitorsshouldact_______.
A.withcareandrespect
B.withreliefandpleasure
C.withcautionandcalmness
D.withattentionandobservation
【小题2】WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?
A.Takeyourowncampingfacilities.
B.Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.
C.Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.
D.Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.
【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】C
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文（旅游指南）。介绍了去新西兰旅游要保护动物，处理好垃圾，注意路标等注意事项。
【小题1】A推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了去新西兰旅游的注意事项，根据关键词“beconsiderate，becareful，takecare”等可推知游客的行为应体现出关爱和尊重。故选A项。
【小题2】C细节理解题。根据小标题“Keeptothetrack”下内容可知，在新西兰旅游时，为了减少破坏植物，鼓励游客顺着路走。露营设施是提供好的，排除A项；B偷换主体，埋藏的是toiletwaste，而非glass；D项偷换概念，observenosmokingsigns，而非observesignstoapproachnestingbirds。故选C项。
【难度】容易
4.
DanielAnderson,afamouspsychologist,believesit’simportanttodistinguishtelevision’sinfluencesonchildrenfromthoseofthefamily.WetendtoblameTV,hesays,forproblemsitdoesn’treallycause,overlookingourownrolesinshapingchildren’sminds.
Onetraditionalbeliefabouttelevisionisthatitreducesachild’sabilitytothinkandtounderstandtheworld.WhilewatchingTV,childrendonotmerelyabsorbwordsandimages(影像).Instead,theylearnbothexplicitandhiddenmeaningsfromwhattheysee.Actually,childrenlearnearlythepsychologyofcharactersinTVshows.Furthermore,asmanyteachersagree,childrenunderstandfarmorewhenparentswatchTVwiththem,explainingnewwordsandideas.Yet,mostparentsuseaneducationalprogramasachancetoparktheirkidsinfrontofthesetanddosomethinginanotherroom.
Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofentertainment.ButaccordingtoAnderson,theamountoftimespentwatchingtelevisionisnotrelatedtoreadingability.TVdoesn’ttaketheplaceofreadingformostchildren;ittakestheplaceofsimilarsortsofrecreation,suchaslisteningtotheradioandplayingsports.Thingslikeparents’educationalbackgroundhaveastrongerinfluenceonachild’sreading.“Achild’sreadingabilityisbestpredictedbyhowmuchaparentreads.”Andersonsays.
Traditionalwisdomalsohasitthatheavytelevision-watchinglowersIQ(智商)scoresandaffectsschoolperformance.Buthere,too,Andersonnotesthatnostudieshaveprovedit.Infact,researchsuggeststhatit’stheotherwayaround.“Ifyou’resmartyoung,you’llwatchlessTVwhenyou’reolder,”Andersonsays.Yet,peopleoflowerIQtendtobelifelongtelevisionviewers.
Foryearsresearchershaveattemptedtoshowthattelevisionisdangeroustochildren.However,byshowingthattelevisionpromotesnoneofthedangerouseffectsasconventionallybelieved,Andersonsuggeststhattelevisioncannotbecondemnedwithoutconsideringotherinfluences.
【小题1】BywatchingTV,childrenlearn_________.
A.imagesthroughwords
B.morethanexplicitmeanings
C.moreaboutimagesthanwords
D.littleaboutpeople’spsychology
【小题2】Aneducationalprogramisbestwatchedbyachild_________.
A.onhisown
B.withotherkids
C.withhisparents
D.withhisteachers
【小题3】Whichofthefollowingismostrelatedtochildren’sreadingability?
A.Radio-listening.
B.Television-watching.
C.Parents’readinglist.
D.Parents’educationalbackground.
【小题4】Andersonbelievedthat_________.
A.themoreachildwatchesTV,thesmarterheis
B.theyoungerachildis,themorehewatchesTV
C.thesmarterachildis,thelesslikelyhegetsaddictedtoTV
D.thelessachildwatchesTV,thebetterheperformsatschool
【小题5】Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A.ToadviseontheeducationaluseofTV.
B.TodescribeTV’sharmfuleffectsonchildren.
C.ToexplaintraditionalviewsonTVinfluences.
D.TopresentAnderson’sunconventionalideas.
【答案】
【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】C
【小题5】D
【解析】
本文叙述著名心理学家DanielAnderson对孩子们看电视的看法，打破了以往人们认为看电视对孩子不好的想法。他认为孩子们看电视能学到显性的和隐含的东西；父母陪孩子看电视，孩子可以学到更多知识；孩子看电视并没有代替孩子阅读，并没有影响孩子的智商。
【小题1】B细节理解题。根据第二段的Instead,theylearnbothexplicitandhiddenmeaningsfromwhattheysee.可知孩子们通过看电视，可以学到显性和隐含的意义，因此不仅仅学到隐藏的意思。故选B。
【小题2】C推理判断题。根据第二段的Furthermore,asmanyteachersagree,childrenunderstandfarmorewhenparentswatchTVwiththem“孩子们有父母陪着看电视理解的更多”，故推断教育节目最好是父母陪着孩子看。故选C。
【小题3】D细节理解题。根据第三段的“Achild’sreadingabilityisbestpredictedbyhowmuchaparentreads”,Andersonsays.可知父母的阅读量对孩子的阅读能力影响最大，故选D。
【小题4】C推理判断题。根据第四段的“Ifyou’resmartyoung,you’llwatchlessTVwhenyou’reolder”可知，应选C。
【小题5】D。主旨大意题。整篇文章讲述的都是Anderson关于看电视对孩子的影响所提出的非传统的观点，故选D。
【难度】较难
5.
IsItWorthBuyingOrganicFood?
Organicfood,grownwithoutartificialchemicals,isincreasinglypopularnowadays.Consumershavebeenwillingtopayuptotwiceasmuchforgoodswithorganiclabels(商标).However,ifyouthinkpayingalittlemorefororganicfoodgetsyouamorenutritiousandsaferproduct,youmightwanttosaveyourmoney.AstudyledbyresearchersatStanfordUniversitysaysthatorganicproductsaren''tnecessarilymorenutritious,andthey''renolesslikelytosufferfromdisease-causingbacteria,either.
Thelatestresults,publishedintheAnnualsofInternalMedicine,suggestthatbuyersmaybewastingtheirmoney."Wedidnotfindstrongevidencethatorganicfoodismorenutritiousorhealthier,"saysDr.CrystalSmith-SpanglerfromStanford."Soconsumersshouldn''tassumethatonetypeoffoodhasalowerriskorissafer."
Fortheirnewstudy,Smith-Spanglerandhercolleaguesconductedareviewoftwocategoriesofresearch,including17studiesthatcomparedhealthoutcomesbetweenconsumersoforganicagainsttraditionalfoodproducts,and223studiesthatanalyzedthenutritionalcontentofthefoods,includingkeyvitamins,mineralsandfats.
Whiletheresearchersfoundlittledifferenceinnutritionalcontent,theydidfindthatorganicfruitandvegetableswere20%lesslikelytohavechemicalsremainingonthesurfaces.Neitherorganicnortraditionalfoodsshowedlevelsofchemicalshighenoughtogobeyondfoodsafetystandards.Andbothorganicandtraditionalmeats,suchaschickenandpork,wereequallylikelytobeharmedbybacteriaatverylowrates.Theresearchersdidfindthatorganicmilkandchickencontainedhigherlevelsofomega-3fattyacids,ahealthyfatalsofoundinfishthatcanreducetheriskofheartdisease.However,thesenutritionaldifferencesweretoosmall,andtheresearcherswereunwillingtomakemuchofthemuntilfurtherstudiesconfirmthetrends.
Organicfoodisproducedwithfewerchemicalsandmorenatural-growingpractices,butthatdoesn''talwaystranslateintoamorenutritiousorhealthierproduct.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)statesthat"whetheryoubuyorganicornot,findingthefreshestfoodsavailablemayhavethebiggesteffectontaste."Freshfoodisatleastasgoodasanythingmarketedasorganic.
【小题1】Thenewresearchquestionswhetherorganicfood__________.
A.shouldreplacetraditionalfood
B.hasbeenoverpricedbyfarmers
C.isgrownwithlessharmfulchemicals
D.isreallymorenutritiousandhealthier
【小题2】Smith-Spanglerandhercolleaguesfoundthat__________.
A.organicfoodcouldreducetheriskofheartdisease
B.traditionalfoodwasgrownwithmorenaturalmethods
C.bothorganicandtraditionalfoodtheyexaminedweresafe
D.therewasnotapresenceofanyformsofbacteriainorganicfood
【小题3】Whichofthefollowingisrelativelyhealthieraccordingtothepassage?
A.Organicchickenandpork.
B.Organicmilkandchicken.
C.Traditionalchickenandpork.
D.Traditionalfruitandvegetables.
【小题4】Whatistheauthor''sattitudetowardorganicfood?
A.Sceptical. B.Neutral. C.Unconcerned. D.Approving.
【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
【解析】
本文为议论文。由人们花很多钱去购买有机食品入题，提出有机食品真的比传统食品更好吗？然后引用专家的调查结果证实有机食品并未比传统食品有更多的营养成分。
【小题1】答案在第二段第二句,“wedidn’tfindstrongevidencethatorganicfoodismorenutritiousorhealthier”,本题定位在第二段第一句的“latestresult”,与题干“thenewresearch”对应。本题应注意题干问的是“新的调查质疑有机食品……”，故选D。
【小题2】根据第一段AstudyledbyresearchersatStanfordUniversitysaysthatorganicproductsaren''tnecessarilymorenutritious,andthey''renolesslikelytosufferfromdisease-causingbacteria,either.可排除D选项。根据第四段内容可排除A选项。答案B.traditionalfoodwasgrownwithmorenaturalmethods并不是Smith-Spangler和他的同事发现的，排除B。故选C。
【小题3】根据文章第四段第四句“Theresearchersdidfindthatorganicmilkandchickencontainedhigherlevelsofomega-3acids,ahealthyfatalsofoundinfishthatcanreducetheriskofheartdisease.”故选B。
【小题4】作者在第一段提出人们不值得花过多的钱去买有机食品，以及最后一段引用USDA美国农业部的观点“whetheryoubuyorganicfoodornot,findingthefreshestfoodsavailablemayhavethebiggesteffectontaste”以及最后一句可看出作者是质疑的态度。故选A。
【难度】困难
6.Everydayweareexposedtoimages,videos,musicandnews．Inthisageofvisualandauralhyper-stimulation,themediumofradioismakingagreatcomeback.
“We’reatthebeginningofagoldenageofaudio,”saidUS-basedpodcasterAlexBlumberginanarticleinTheSydneyMorningHerald．Inthelastmonthalone,15percentofUSadultslistenedtoaradiopodcast(播客)．Thesestatistics,releasedbyEdisonResearch,showthesuccessfulevolutionoftraditionalradiobroadcaststothepresentday’sdigitalpodcastformat．Theterm“podcast”wasinventedin2004,butthetrendonlystartedgainingmainstreampopularityinrecentyears．Withthesharpincreaseinconsumerdemandforsmartphonesandtablets,podcastsaleshavejumped.
Theappealofthepodcastpartlyliesinitsmultiplatformdeliveryandon-demandcapabilities(功能)．Youcanlistenduringthoseextraminutesofthedaywhenyou’rewalkingtotheshops,waitinginaqueueorridingthesubway．Similartotelevisionshows,podcastsaregenerallyfreetodownloadandmostoffernewcontenteveryweek.
DonnaJackson,22,SydneyUniversitymediagraduate,listenstopodcaststwoorthreetimesaweek,viaiTurns．“IlistenwhileI’mwanderingaroundthehousedoingsomethingelse．Itmakescompletingaboringtaskmuchmoreenjoyable…Andit’saneasywayofkeepingintouchwithwhat’sgoingonintherestoftheworld,”shesaid,“ImainlylistentoBBCpodcasts,butrecentlyI’vealsobeenlisteningtoThisAmericanLifeandSerial．Theyhaveaspecialskilltoreallydrawyouin.”
Unliketelevisionandmusic,theaudioformathasthepotentialtocreateadeepimpressiononreaders．Blumbergsaysthisowestothepodcast’sability“tocreatecloserelationshipandemotionalconnection.”SydneyUniversityundergraduateHazelProust,majoringinsocialworkandarts,agrees．“Whenyou’relistening,itfeelsasifthevoiceofthepodcast’sstorytelleristalkingdirectlytoyou．It’scomforting,”saidProust.
Itseemstheage-oldtraditionofverbalstorytellingisverymuchaliveandwell.
【小题1】Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanlearnthat________.
A．traditionalbroadcasthascomeback
B．Americanslovelisteningtotheradio
C．podcastshavebecomeverypopulartoday
D．smartphonessellwellbecauseofpodcasts
【小题2】ThewritermentionsDonnaJacksonmainlyto________.
A．tellhowyoungpeoplerelaxthemselves
B．explainwhyyoungpeoplelikepodcasts
C．introducewhatprogramspodcastsarepresenting
D．showhowpopularpodcastsarepresenting
【小题3】Paragraph5ismainlyabout________.
A．theinfluenceofradios
B．theadvantageofpodcasts
C．readers’impressiononradios
D．people’sreactiontothemedium
【小题4】Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthepassage?
A．ReturnofRadio
B．OpinionsofPodcast
C．FeaturesofRadio
D．TechnologyofPodcast
【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
【解析】
【小题1】根据第一、二段，播客在近几年开始主流流行（“Theterm‘podcast’wasinventedin2004,butthetrendonlystartedgainingmainstreampopularityinrecentyears.”）。如今，播客变得非常流行（“podcastshavebecomeverypopulartoday”）。故选C。
【小题2】根据第四段，作者通过引用悉尼大学媒体专业毕业生多娜?杰克逊的观点（“…Andit’saneasywayofkeepingintouchwithwhat’sgoingonintherestoftheworld，”），解释了年轻人喜欢播客的原因（“explainwhyyoungpeoplelikepodcasts”）。故选B。
【小题3】根据第五段，音频格式和电视、音乐不同，它有潜力让观众留下一种深刻印象（“Unliketelevisionandmusic,theaudioformathasthepotentialtocreateadeepimpressiononreaders.”）。本段主要讲有关播客的优势（“theadvantageofpodcasts”）。故选B。
【小题4】根据全文，本文主要观点是：播客通过崭新的音频格式，使广播媒体复兴（在这视觉与听觉高度刺激的时代，广播媒体正在强势复出。“Inthisageofvisualandauralhyper-stimulation,themediumofradioismakingagreatcomeback.”）。广播的复兴（“ReturnofRadio”）。故选A。
【难度】一般
7.
“BANG!”thedoorcausedareverberation(回声).Itwasjuststandingthere,withfatherstandingononeside,andIontheotherside.
Wewerebothingreatanger.“Neversetfootinthishouseagain!”stormedfather.Withtearswellingupinmyeyes,Irushedoutoftheflatandranalongthestreet.
Thestreetlightswereshining,causingrathersad-feeling.Iwanderedaimlessly.
Ayoungfatherwhoheldachildinhisarmswalkedpastme.IfeltasifIsawmychildhoodfromanotherspace:happyandcarefree.
Butnow…Idon’tknowwhetheritisbecauseIhavegrownuporbecausedadisgettingold.Wedifferinourwaysofthinking.Healwaysputhisopinionsandcodesofbehavioronme.WheneverIdosomethingwrong,heneveradmitsit.Wearejustliketwopeoplecomingfromtwodifferentworlds.Itfeelslikethereisanirondoorbetweenusthatcanneverbeopened.
Iwanderedthestreets,withoutadestinationinmind.Myheartwasfrozenonthishotsummernight.AsIwalkedontherewerefewerandfewerpeopleonthestreets,untilIhadonlythestreetlightstokeepmecompany.WhenIfinallyreachedthehigh-riseapartmentblockinwhichIlived,Isawthatthelightwasstillon.
Ithoughttomyself:“Isfatherwaitingforme,orishestillangrywithme?”
Infact,itwasnothing.Perhaps,dadwasthrowingawaysomeofhisoldstamps.Perhapshethoughttheywereuseless.IneverhadthecouragetotellhimthatIlikedcollectingstamps.Ican’tstandhisoutrageous(蛮横的)words:“Ican’tthrowyouaway,letalonetheseoldpapers?”
Allthelightswereoffexceptfather’s.
Dadwasalwayslikethis.Maybehedidn’tknowhowtoexpresshimself.Aftershoutingatme,henevershowedanymercyoranymomentsofregret.Afteranargumenthehasthehabitofcreepingupinmysleepandthentuckingmeunderneaththecovers.
Thiswashowhealwayswas．Hehasbeenaleaderforsolongthattellingeveryoneelsewhattodohasbecomehissecondnature.
Thelightwasstillon.“AmIwrong?”Iwhispered,maybe…Withthekeyinhand,IwasasnervousasIhadeverbeen.Atlast,Idecidedtoopenthedoor.AssoonasIopenedthedoortearsrandownmycheeks.IsuddenlyrealizedthattheirondoorthatIhadimaginedbetweenusdidnotexistatall.Love—it’ssecondtonone.
【小题1】Decidewhichisthebestorderofthefollowingaccordingtowhathappenedinthepassage.
a.Iopenedthedoorandenteredthehouse.
b.SadlyIranoutintothestreet.
c.IreachedtheplacewhereIlivedandsawmyhousestillbrightlylit.
d.Ithoughtofmyfather’skindnesstowardsme.
e.Iwalkedaboutinthestreetwithoutanyaim.
A.b,e,d,c,aB.b,e,a,c,d
C.b,e,c,d,aD.b,e,c,a,d
【小题2】Whatmadethewriterthinkofhischildhood?
A.Thesightofthestreetlights.
B.Thesightoftheemptystreet.
C.Thesightoflightinhisownhouse.
D.Thesightofafatherwithachildinhisarms.
【小题3】Whydoyouthinkthefatheroftenshoutsathisson?
A.Perhapsthefatherisgettingolderandolder.
B.Perhapsthesonhasalreadygrownup.
C.Perhapsthefatherhasgotusedtodoingthat.
D.Perhapstheyneveragreewitheachother.
【小题4】Whatconclusioncanyoucometoafterreadingthepassage?
A.Thefatherisactuallykindtohisson.
B.Thefathertreatshissoninanunfairway.
C.Thefatherisneitherkindnorcrueltohisson.
D.Thefatherisalwaysfindingfaultwithhisson.
【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】D
【小题3】C
【小题4】A
【解析】
文章讲述了一个发生在一对父子之间的故事。与父亲闹矛盾之后，作者漫无目的地在街上走着，行人越来越少，只有路灯陪着作者。作者看到家里还亮着灯，于是就想是否是父亲在等他。当作者鼓起勇气打开门的一瞬间，他感受到了父亲的爱。
【小题1】C考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Irushedoutoftheflatandranalongthestreet.”和第六段“Iwanderedthestreets,withoutadestinationinmind....WhenIfinallyreachedthehigh-riseapartmentblockinwhichIlived,Isawthatthelightwasstillon.”及最后一段“Atlast,Idecidedtoopenthedoor.”可知，正确的顺序是b,e,c,d,a，故选C。
【小题2】D考查细节理解题。根据第四段“Ayoungfatherwhoheldachildinhisarmswalkedpastme.IfeltasifIsawmychildhood”可知，一个年轻父亲怀抱着他的孩子的景象让作者回忆起了小时候，故选D项。
【小题3】C考查细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thiswashowhealwayswas.Hehasbeenaleaderforsolongthattellingeveryoneelsewhattodohasbecomehissecondnature.”可知，作者父亲以前是一位领导，命令他人已经成了他的性格的一部分，故选C项。
【小题4】A推理判断题。根据最后一段“AssoonasIopenedthedoortearsrandownmycheeks.IsuddenlyrealizedthattheirondoorthatIhadimaginedbetweenusdidnotexist(存在)atall.Love—itsecondtonone.”可知，作者的父亲可能是在等作者，当作者打开门的一瞬间，他感动地落泪了，他感受到了来自父亲的爱，故选A。
【难度】容易
8.
WhenIwasakid,Iwasjustlikeeveryotherkid.Asusual,Ilikedbeingwithfriendsandhavingfun.ButIdidn’tlikeschoolmuch.Ididn’tliketheruleoflearning,studying,memorizing,etc.Toomuchwork.AsIgotintohighschool,thingschangedforme.Istartedreadingalotofbooks.Bookstaughtmeaboutlifeandhelpedmelearnabouttheworld.Ireadaround30booksduringeachsenioryear.Ilearnedtolovereadingthen.
LittledidIknowatthattimethatIwouldwritebooksbymyself.I’vewritten7bookssincethen.OnebookIwrote,PowerfulAttitudes,wasahugesuccesswithinanetworkmarketingcompanyintheUSA.
WhenIwas17yearsold,Itookaboutadozenguitarlessons.Ifellinlovewithguitarmusicnomatterifitisblues,rock,flamencoorclassical.I’veattendedconcertsandhaveheardsomegreatguitariststhroughtheyears.Recently,Iboughtmyselfapianoandbegantolearntoplayit.I’vemadegreatprogress.Myknowledgeofmusicandplayingguitarhashelpedmealotinlearningthepiano.
Lastweek,IemployedaChineseteachertoteachmeChinese.I’velearnedabout200wordsinmyfirstweek.I’minspiredandmotivatedtolearn.Infact,Ifeelabitobsessed,thinkingoflearningChinese.It’slikeamountainIwanttoclimbandconquer.I’m56yearsoldandmylovetolearnitrunsdeepinmyheart,mindandsoul.
WhatIcertainlylearnedwhilegrowingupistolovelearning.Ineverwanttostoplearning.Ineverwanttostopstudyingpeople,life,processesandnewthings.Ithinktheopennessofadmittingwhatyoudon’tknow,makesyouagoodlearner.Youneverlietoyourselfortoothersaboutyourknowledgeandexperience.IhavetheattitudethatifIdon’tknowsomething,Iwilllearntoknowit.
【小题1】Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthepassage?
A.Hefellinlovewithreadingwhenhewasachild.
B.Oneofhisbooksenjoyedalotofsuccess.
C.Hebegantolovemusicrecently.
D.HeisgoodatChinese.
【小题2】Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obsessed”mean?
A.Absorbed.B.Satisfied.
C.Concerned.D.Difficult.
【小题3】Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Learningskills.B.Learningmethods.
C.Learningattitudes.D.Learningexperience.
【答案】
【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】C
【解析】
本文讲述作者小时候不喜欢读书，但高中后读了大量的书，并从中受益，开始自己写书，其中一本书取得巨大的成功，学习态度很重要。
【小题1】考查推理判断题。根据第二段提到OnebookIwrote,PowerfulAttitudes,wasahugesuccesswithinanetworkmarketingcompanyintheUSA.作者写的其中一本书在美国取得巨大的成功，故选B项。
【小题2】考查词意猜测。根据第四段提到I’minspiredandmotivatedtolearn.Infact,Ifeelabitobsessed,thinkingoflearningChinese.我受到鼓舞开始学习，事实上我有些着迷，想学中文，故选A项。
【小题3】考查主旨大意。本文讲述作者小时候不喜欢读书，但高中后读了大量的书，并从中受益，开始自己写书，其中一本书取得巨大的成功，所以作者认为学习的态度很重要，故选C项。
【难度】一般
9.TheBeagleBrigade
WhenreturningtotheUnitedStatesfromatripabroad,passengerswillhavetheirbaggageinspectedatU.S.airportsbytheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture’sBeagleBrigade,ateamofbeaglesandtheirhumanpartners.Workingwiththeirhumanpartners,thebeaglessearchforagriculturalproductscarryingdiseasesandpestswhicharelikelytoinfectAmericanagriculture.
Anorangeorapple,forexample,mightharboraMediterraneanfruitfly.Hamcouldcarryadiseasesuchascholera.Theseandotherpestscoulddoharmtofarmers’crops.“Onceweintroducesomethingthatisnotpartoftheenvironment,theremaynotbeanycontrolsforitintheenvironment,”notesUSDA’sLisaDavisattheNationalDogDetectorTrainingCenterinOrlando,Florida.“Thebestthingforustodoistopreventitfromcomingacrosstheborderandspreading.”
Whenabeaglesmellsfoodsmells,itsignalsitspartnerbysittingthere.Thehumanpartnerstheninvestigate.Whenthedogisright--whichhappens90percentofthetime—itgetssomethingtoeat.
“Thedogisnotoutthereworking,”explainsDavis.“It’soutthereplaying.It’sagametothedog.”Thepartnersgivethebeaglesplentyoffoodandloving.Theymakesuretheygetfirst-classmedicalattention,too.Whenthedogsfinallyretireafter9to11years,theUSDAfindscaringhomesforthem.It’sadog’slifeindeed!
Theirpeoplepartnersworkandstudysomewhatharder.Asspecializedquarantine(检疫)officers,mostholddegreesinthebiologicalsciencesorrelatedsciences.
HowwelldoestheBeagleBrigadedoitsjob?“Ontheaverage,”notesDavis,“eachyearour54teamspreventaround75,000,restricted(限制的)items.”Sinceevenoneinfecteditemcouldcausewidespreaddestruction,that’sagreatresultforAmerica’sagriculturalenvironment.
【小题1】ThebeaglesattheairportintheUSAareusedto__________.
A.conductthecheckonforeignpassengers’baggage
B.stopthelocalproductsfrombeingtakenabroad
C.helpinspectthebaggagebroughtfromabroad
D.keeptheirpeoplepartnerssafe
【小题2】Whatwillthebeagledowhenitfindsapossiblefoodproduct?
A.Signalbysittingnexttoit.
B.Barkandrunaroundit.
C.Drawittoitspartner.
D.Playagame.
【小题3】Howisthelastparagraphmainlydeveloped?
A.Bylistingtherestrictedfood.
B.Byanalyzingtheresult.
C.Byprovidingthefacts.
D.Byusingexamples.
【小题4】Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheuseofbeagles?
A.Curious.B.Uninterested.
C.Doubtful.D.Positive.
【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】C
【小题4】D
【解析】
本文讲述美国猎犬在机场除了进行安检外还可以检查出一些病毒。
【小题1】C考查细节理解题。根据第一段提到WhenreturningtotheUnitedStatesfromatripabroad,passengerswillhavetheirbaggageinspectedatU.S.airportsbytheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture’sBeagleBrigade,ateamofbeaglesandtheirhumanpartners可知猎犬是用于在机场检查国外回来的包裹，故选C项。
【小题2】A考查细节理解题。根据第三段提到Whenabeaglesmellsfoodsmells,itsignalsitspartnerbysittingthere“当猎犬闻到食物的味道，会通过坐在那示意它的伙伴”，故选A项。
【小题3】C考查推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，这段是在提供事实，故选C项。
【小题4】D考查推理判断题。根据最后一段提到eachyearour54teamspreventaround75,000,restricted(限制的)items.54个小组每年阻止大约75,000件违禁物品，可见猎犬的功劳很大，对美国农业有很大的帮助，故选D项。
【难度】一般
10.
Bottledwaterhasbecomethechoiceforpeoplewhoarehealthyandthirsty.Bottledwaterisallovertheworld.Butsomesaytheplanet’shealth,andpeople’shealthmaybesufferingfromit.
Theideathatbottledwaterissaferforhumansmaynotbetrue.TheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncilofAmericasaid,“Thereisnopromisethatbecausewatercomesoutofabottle,itiscleanerorsaferthanwaterfromthetap.”AnotherNewYorkCity-basedactiongroupaddedthatsomebottledwateris“reallyjusttapwaterinabottle—sometimesmoreclean,sometimesnot.”
Itisnotproventhatbottledwaterisbetterthantapwater.NickReevesfromtheCharteredInstitutionofWaterandEnvironmentalManagementsaid,“Thehighmineralcontent(含量)ofsomebottledwatermakesthemnotgoodforfeedingbabiesandyoungchildren.”Also,mostbottledwaterdoesn’thavefluoride(氟化物),whichcanmaketeethstronger.Kidsaredrinkingmorebottledwaterandlessfluoridatedtapwater,andsomesaythat’sbehindtherecentriseinbadteeth.
Storingisanotherproblem.Placednearheat,theplasticbottlescanproducebadchemicals(化学物质)intothewater.
AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,some2.7milliontonsofplasticareusedworldwidetobottlewatereachyear.Theplasticcantakebetween400and1,000yearstobreakdown.
Intermsofenergyuse,plasticbottlesarealsonotcheap.Onereportsaidthatifwaterandsoftdrinkbottlershadused10percentrecycledmaterialsintheirplasticbottles,theywouldhavesavedabout72milliongallonsofgas.
So,ifyouareworriedabouttheeffectofbottledwaterontheEarth,youcantakethefollowingsteps.
●Drinkfromyourtap.Unlessyourgovernmentwarnsagainstthis,itshouldbefine.
●Getacontainer(容器).Carryyourtapwaterinasteeloralineddrinkingcontainer,andcleanitbetweenuses.
●Keepitcool.Don’tdrinkfromabottlethathasbeensittinginthesun,don’tstoreitnearchemicals,anddon’treuseplasticbottles.
●Chooseglasscontainersoverplasticifpossible.Whenfinished,recycle!
【小题1】Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?
A.Drinkingtapwateristheonlychoiceforpeople.
B.Glasscontainersarebetterthanplasticbottles.
C.Plasticbottlesareharmfultotheenvironment.
D.Bottledwatermaynotbeasgoodaswethink.
【小题2】Whatcanwelearnaboutplasticbottlesfromthearticle?
A.Theybreakdowninlessthan300years.
B.Theycanbeusedformanyotherthings.
C.Theyarearisktotheenvironment.
D.Theyarecheaptomake.
【小题3】Accordingtothearticle,wecanknowthatbottledwateris______.
A.noproblemfortheenvironment
B.moreexpensivethantapwater
C.alwayssaferthantapwater
D.betterforbabies
【小题4】WhichofthefollowingabouttapwaterisNOTmentionedinthearticle?
A.Therearealotofproblemsstoringtapwater.
B.Bottledwatercanbejusttapwaterinabottle.
C.Itmaybebetterforyourteeth.
D.Itmaycontainfluoride.
【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
【解析】
瓶装水在给我们带来了方便的同时，也给我们健康和地球的环境带来了许多的问题。如何解决呢？快来看看吧。
【小题1】D主旨大意题。文章主要讲述瓶装水给地球带来的各种环境上的问题，瓶装水并非我们所想象的那么好。故选D。
【小题2】C细节理解题。根据文章第五段AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,some2.7milliontonsofplasticareusedworldwidetobottlewatereachyear.Theplasticcantakebetween400and1,000yearstobreakdown.可知塑料瓶对环境有害。故选C。
【小题3】B细节理解题。根据文章第六段中Intermsofenergyuse,plasticbottlesarealsonotcheap.可知瓶装水不便宜。故选B。
【小题4】A细节理解题。根据文章最后可知自来水的好处，B、C、D符合文章的叙述，A项文章中没有提及到。故选A。
【难度】较易
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