音标入门讲解
一、元音
（一）单元音
（1）前元音：[i:][i][e][?]
[i:]
发音组合:eeeeaieei
代表单词:meheweeven
beefeelbreezedeepfree
seatbeatleadteaeatreason
griefbelieveachieve
receiveconceive
音标对比:[i:][i]
seatsit
beatbit
sheepship
[e]
发音组合:eeaa
代表单词：pentenbestbegeggnet
breadheaven
marryanymany
音标对比：[i][e]
sitset
liftleft
diddead
（2）中元音：[?:][?]
[?:]
发音组合：orirerurear
代表单词：workworkerworm
birddirtaffirm
term
burnsurf
pearllearn
（3）后元音:[a:][?][u:][u][?:][?]
[a:]
发音组合：arearal
代表单词：fardarkhartfarmgardenbar
heart
half
音标对比：[a:][?]
fastfun
hartbut
cardcut
[u:]
发音组合：oooouu
代表单词：foodfoolboomcoolpoolshoot
tombgroup
blueclueruletruthconclude
音标对比:[u:][u]
footfood
bootbook
coolcould
[?:]
发音组合：aooawouoreauorar
代表单词：talkballhallcall
doorfloor
lawsaw
boughtfoughtthoughttought
beforeignore
caughtnaughtynautical
forcebornsort
warn
（二）双元音
（1）合口双元音为:[ei][ai][??][au][?u]
[ei]
发音组合：eiaaiay
代表单词：eight
cakefatesnakelakemakename
paidmain
daymay
[ai]
发音组合：yiuy
代表单词：crydrymy
kitehighbiketightfinetime
buyguy
[??]
发音组合：oyoi
代表单词：toyboyloyal
noisevoicepointsoilcoin
[au]
发音组合：ouow
代表单词：housesoundoutnoun
bowtownnowtower
[?u]
发音组合：oowoa
代表单词：hostnosetoneholenote
bowlknowlowown
boatcoat
（2）集中双元音为：[i?][??][u?]
[i?]
发音组合：eerearere
代表单词：beerdeer
hearnearfear
here
[??]
发音组合：airearareere
代表单词：hairfairairchair
bearswear
darehare
there
[u?]
发音组合：oorureour
代表单词：poor
luresure
tour
二、辅音
（一）爆破音:[p][b][t][d][k][g]
[p]
发音组合：p
代表单词：paypipeputpiepeach
sportspeedspend
[t]
发音组合：t
代表单词：teateacherteamtaretanktip
itmeetcatfatetentboat
studentstandstick
[k]
发音组合：ckck
代表单词：cakecarcancatcome
kiteskykeep
pickback
（二）摩擦音:[f][v][θ][e][?][?]
[s][z][h][r]
[f]
发音组合：fph
代表单词：fivefirstlifefinefatfailfairfall
telephonephoneticsphoto
[θ]
发音组合：th
代表单词：thinkteeththickthemethank
bothtoothtruthfifthmouthfaith
音标对比：[θ][e]
thickthis
themethan
teeththey
deaththese
[?]
发音组合：shsssch
代表单词：shipfishsheetsheepdish
sureensure
assure
machine
[s]
发音组合：sc
代表单词：seemsetseeksaysee
booksdensemousecups
faceiceraceprice
[h]
发音组合：hwh(wh在元音字母o前才发此音)
代表单词：hothomehousehorsehatehigh
wholewhowhosewhom
（三）破擦音:[t?][d?][tr][dr][ts][dz]
[t?]
发音组合：ch
代表单词：cheapchildchestchokecheck
catchwatch
音标对比：[t][?]
cheapship
choseshoes
catchcash
[tr]
发音组合：tr
代表单词：treetreattriptraintram
音标对比:[tr][dr]
treedream
trydry
treatdream
[ts]
发音组合：ts
代表单词：sitsseatsmatespeasantsparents
音标对比：[ts][dz][z][dz]
betsbedsboysboards
seatsseedsglovesgrounds
netsneedsstaresstands
（四）鼻辅音:[m][n][?][m]
发音组合：m
代表单词：somecomedime
mothermapmoon
[n]
发音组合：n
代表单词：noonnosenotenotnonothing
moonsoonsongunthinrundinegain
（五）舌边音:[l]
发音组合:l
代表单词：清晰音[l]letladlatelaidleaplap
代表单词：含糊音[l]dealtellbeltsaletable
（六）半元音:[w][j]
[w]
发音组合：wwh
代表单词：waitwestwaywetwillwide
wheelwhatwhywhenwherewhile
音标对比：[w][v]
wetvet
winterinventure
worldvoice
womenvisit
补充：元音字母a,e,i,o,u在重读音节中的一般读音规则：
???????a??e???i?????o?????u
重读开音节：[ei]?[i:]???[ai]??[?u]???[ju:][u:]
重读闭音节：[?]???[e]????[i]??[?]??[?][u]
注意：除了符合读音规则的词以外，还有一些词是例外的，需要逐个记忆。
重读开音节：一个辅音加e结尾的单词,元音字母a,e,i,o,u经常发长音
如:cakethemebikecloseconsume
重读闭音节：元音字母a,e,i,o,u经常发短音
如:havebedsitlovebus
[i]
发音组合:i
代表单词:sitbitkickpickwish
[?]
发音组合:a
代表单词:capmapbadmadbankthanklamp
音标对比:[e][?]
begbag
metmat
bedbad
[?]
发音组合：aeror
代表单词：appearariseagainalikeamanapen
teachermotherbrotherdriveranger
doctoractortutorfamousjealous
[?]
发音组合：uo
代表单词：upcutbutbusluckbutter
monkonion
[u]
发音组合：oouou
代表单词：footgoodcooktook
pullfullbull
should
[?]
发音组合：o
代表单词：oxonnotcoprothotlot
音标对比：[?:][?]
sortdog
tortnod
shortshop
音标对比：[?][ei][e]
ateightbed
batbadeset
lablatepen
sandsamehen
音标对比：[?][ai]
batbite
backbike
lampline
sacksign
音标对比：[??][?]
boyboss
toytop
spoilstop
音标对比：[au][ai]
nownight
cowkite
soundside
音标对比：[au][?u]
howhole
loudload
音标对比：[i?][il]
herehill
fearfeel
deardeal
音标对比：[??][ai?]
hairhire
farefire
sparespire
音标对比：[u?][?u]
poorpost
suresold
lureload
[b]
发音组合：b
代表单词：birdbedbagbigbuybakebillbearbook
[d]
发音组合：d
代表单词：dodiddoesdeerdatedigdoom
needbedclimbed
[g]
发音组合：g
代表单词：geesegogapget
bigbagbeg
[v]
发音组合：v
代表单词：votevinevatvailveryvase
leavefive
[e]
发音组合：th
代表单词：thisthatthesethosethenthanthough
[?]
发音组合：s
代表单词：pleasureusualleisuremeasure
[z]
发音组合：zs
代表单词：zooprizezeal
raisekneeseyes
[r]
发音组合：rwr
代表单词：raceredricerainright
freefrypray
wrongwrite
[d?]
发音组合：jgdg
代表单词：jeepjokejewjuice
ginchange
jodgejudge
音标对比：[t?][d?]
chargejudge
choicejoin
matchpage
[dr]
发音组合:dr
代表单词:dreamdragdrawdrinkchildren
[dz]
发音组合：ds
代表单词：needsseedsspends
[?]
发音组合：ngn
代表单词：singsongsingerkingthing
inksinkthanktank
音标对比：[m][n]
homestone
themethin
mentnet
[j]
发音组合：y
代表单词：yearyesyetyardyoungyou
音标对比：[i:][j]
eatyet
eastyes
eageryard
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