法学研究2017年第2期 用批判性思维实现体系内批判,对民法总则第172条和合同法第49条进行隐藏漏洞的填补 和具体化,并进一步通过实质论证而予以外部证成。在这个过程中,教义是价值导向的教 义,价值是教义证成的价值,包含了实质证成的教义证成能够促使教义的发展和规范的续 造。在价值多元的时代,价值判断需要民主的论证,但也需要权威的价值决断,真正的权 威是法秩序本身的权威,民主的论证只有以法秩序权威为基础才有可能取得重叠共识,以 法秩序权威为基础但取向更为多元化因此也更具有包容性的民主论证使得法秩序权威更具 有正当性。正是在合法性与正当性、法的安定性和合目的性、价值多元和价值决断、民主 论证与法秩序权威的往返流转激荡中,法律人所承受的规范重负造就了法律人更大的自由 和尊严。 Abstract:Astoapparentagency,theGeneralPartofCivilCodeofPRCstillcontinuestheprovision modeintheContractLaw,anddonotprovideclearlywhethertheelementsofapparentagencyshould includetheimputabilityoftheprincipal.Thereisasimilarityinbasicstructurebetweengoodfaithac quisitionandapparentagencythatadoptsthemodeofpositiveprotectionofreliance.Byanalyzingthe normsongoodfaithacquisitioninthecurrentlyeffectiveChineselaws,ageneralvaluejudgmentin volvedintheresponsibilityderivedfromtheappearanceofrightcanbeextracted.Inlinewiththeele mentsofgoodfaithacquisition,theelementsofapparentagencyshouldalsoincludetheimputability oftheprincipal,whichshouldbeinterpretedandconstructedaccordingtotheprincipleofrisk.This principlehasthecharacteristicofdynamicandintegratedbalance.Inordertolendconcretenessto thisprinciple,weshoulddistinguishdifferenttypesofcasesandmakesubstantiveargumentationre spectively,sothatdefiniterulescanfinallybeobtained.Inthisprocess,differentfactors,suchas theinformationcostoftheagent,thecostofavoidanceoftheprincipal,theprofitoftheprincipal,the remedycostofbothpartiesandthecharacteristicofcommercialtransactions,shouldbebalanced.At thesametime,eveniftheprincipalneedsnotbeartheresponsibilityofpositiveprotectionofreliance becauseoftheabsenceofhisimputability,hemaystillneedtobeartheresponsibilityofnegativepro tectionofreliance,soastorealizeabalanceoflegalconsequences. KeyWords:apparentagency,goodfaithacquisition,protectionofreliance,imputability,principle ofrisk ·74· |
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