课程说明教学内容:练习和讲解passage26/27/28/29教学对象:用心听的,有纸笔的,写作业的教学目标:应急性学习专升本阅读,提高 考试成绩教学方法:演绎,归纳,思维导图教学流程:讲解总结练习育人博才教育专升本阅读育人博才教育阅读备考方案1 .刷题----提高速度2.刷词----提高熟练度3.总结----提高应试能力育人博才教育阅读流程展示育人博才教育3 6.“Barter”(inLine2,Paragraph1)heremeans_______.A.excha nginggoodsformoneyB.exchanginggoodsforgoodsC.exchanging asheepforanythinginthemarketD.exchangingmoneyforgoods 37.Whywerepreciousmetalsgraduallyusedformakingcoins?A. BecausetheyweredurableandportableB.Becausetheywererecog nizableC.BecausetheyweredivisibleD.AlloftheaboveMoney isusedforbuyingorsellinggoods,formeasuringvalueandfor storingwealth.However,inprimitivesocietiesasystemofbarte rwasused.Barterwasasystemofdirectexchangeofgoods.Some bodycouldexchangeasheep,forexample,foranythinginthemar ketplacethatheorsheconsideredtobeofequalvalue.Barter, however,wasaveryunsatisfactorysystemofexchange,andvario usmoneysystemsdevelopedbasedongoodsthatthemembersofas ocietyrecognizedashavingvalue.Cattle,grain,teeth,shells, salt,andtobaccohadallbeenused.Preciousmetalsgraduallyto okoverbecause,whenmadeintocoins,theywereportable,durabl e,recognizable,anddivisibleintolargerandsmallerunitsofv alue.Passage26育人博才教育38.Coinsweregivenvalueaccordingtoth eexactamountofmetalscontainedinthem____.A.beforetheeig hteenthandnineteenthcenturiesB.aftertheeighteenthandnine teenthcenturiesC.duringtheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturie sD.betweentheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies39.“Promises topay”(Lines6-7,Paragraph2)means_______.A.possibilities topay B.necessitiestopayC.obligationstopay D.oppor tunitiestopay40.Aworldwithoutanymoneyintheformofcoins andpaperis________.A.suitableB.possible C.necessary D. avoidableAcoinisapieceofmetal,usuallydisc-shaped,which bearslettering,designsornumbersshowingitsvalue.Untilthe eighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,coinsweregivenmonetaryw orthbasedontheexactamountofmetalcontainedinthem,butmo stmoderncoinsarebasedonfacevalue–thevaluethatthegover nmentschoosetogivethem,whichdoesn’tshowtheactualmetalc ontent.Coinshavebeenmadeofgold,silver,copper,plasticand inChinaevenfromtealeaves.Mostgovernmentsnowissuepaperm oneyintheformofbills,whicharereally“promisestopay.”Pa permoneyisobviouslyeasiertohandleandmuchmoreconvenient inthemodernworld.Checksandcreditcardsarebeingusedincre asingly,anditispossibletoimagineaworldwhere“money”int heformofcoinsandpapercurrencywillnolongerbeused.Even today,intheUnitedStates,manyplaces,especiallyfillingstat ionswillnotacceptcashatnightforsecurityreasons.Passage2 6育人博才教育Moneyisusedforbuyingorsellinggoods,formeasuring valueandforstoringwealth.However,inprimitivesocietiesas ystemofbarterwasused.Barterwasasystemofdirectexchange ofgoods.Somebodycouldexchangeasheep,forexample,foranyth inginthemarketplacethatheorsheconsideredtobeofequal value.Barter,however,wasaveryunsatisfactorysystemofexcha nge,andvariousmoneysystemsdevelopedbasedongoodsthatthe membersofasocietyrecognizedashavingvalue.Cattle,grain,t eeth,shells,salt,andtobaccohadallbeenused.Preciousmetal sgraduallytookoverbecause,whenmadeintocoins,theywerepo rtable,durable,recognizable,anddivisibleintolargerandsmal lerunitsofvalue.Acoinisapieceofmetal,usuallydisc-sha ped,whichbearslettering,designsornumbersshowingitsvalue. Untiltheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,coinsweregiven monetaryworthbasedontheexactamountofmetalcontainedinth em,butmostmoderncoinsarebasedonfacevalue–thevaluethat thegovernmentschoosetogivethem,whichdoesn’tshowtheactu almetalcontent.Coinshavebeenmadeofgold,silver,copper,p lasticandinChinaevenfromtealeaves.Mostgovernmentsnowiss uepapermoneyintheformofbills,whicharereally“promisest opay.”Papermoneyisobviouslyeasiertohandleandmuchmorec onvenientinthemodernworld.Checksandcreditcardsarebeing usedincreasingly,anditispossibletoimagineaworldwhere“m oney”intheformofcoinsandpapercurrencywillnolongerbeu sed.Eventoday,intheUnitedStates,manyplaces,especiallyfi llingstationswillnotacceptcashatnightforsecurityreasons .育人博才教育比如,人们可以用羊在市场上交换任何他们认为价值相同的东西。然而,以物换物作为交易手段不太让人满意,各种以社会成员认可 的有价值的货物为基础的货币体系出现了。贵重金属渐渐占据了首要地位,制成货币后,它们可携带,耐久,可计量并且能细分成更大或更小的价值 单位。货币是一片金属,通常呈圆片状,刻有字母,图案或数字显示它的价值。5.大多数政府现在发行了纸币,其实质是“承诺付款”。会写的 单词认识不会写的单词不认识的单词动词育人博才教育Moneyisusedforbuyingorsellinggoods ,formeasuringvalueandforstoringwealth.However,inprimiti vesocietiesasystemofbarterwasused.Barterwasasystemof directexchangeofgoods.Somebodycouldexchangeasheep,forex ample,foranythinginthemarketplacethatheorsheconsidered tobeofequalvalue.Barter,however,wasaveryunsatisfactory systemofexchange,andvariousmoneysystemsdevelopedbasedon goodsthatthemembersofasocietyrecognizedashavingvalue. Cattle,grain,teeth,shells,salt,andtobaccohadallbeenused .育人博才教育Preciousmetalsgraduallytookoverbecause,whenmadein tocoins,theywereportable,durable,recognizable,anddivisibl eintolargerandsmallerunitsofvalue.Acoinisapieceofme tal,usuallydisc-shaped,whichbearslettering,designsornumbe rsshowingitsvalue.Untiltheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturi es,coinsweregivenmonetaryworthbasedontheexactamountof metalcontainedinthem,butmostmoderncoinsarebasedonface value–thevaluethatthegovernmentschoosetogivethem,which doesn’tshowtheactualmetalcontent.Coinshavebeenmadeofgo ld,silver,copper,plasticandinChinaevenfromtealeaves.育人博 才教育Mostgovernmentsnowissuepapermoneyintheformofbills,w hicharereally“promisestopay.”Papermoneyisobviouslyeasie rtohandleandmuchmoreconvenientinthemodernworld.Checks andcreditcardsarebeingusedincreasingly,anditispossible toimagineaworldwhere“money”intheformofcoinsandpaperc urrencywillnolongerbeused.Eventoday,intheUnitedStates, manyplaces,especiallyfillingstationswillnotacceptcashat nightforsecurityreasons.育人博才教育26.Oftheriskyactivities,b ungeejumping________.A.offersanimmediateexcitement B.is afashionC.makesonerelaxed D.makesonebrave27.Inbunge ejumping,you______.A.jumpashighasyoucan B.slidedown aropetothegroundC.tieyourselftoaropeandfallD.fall withoutarope28.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothe passage?A.About200,000peopleintheworldhavetriedbungee jumping.B.Inordertokeeponesafe,aropeistiedtothefeet ofthejumper.C.Divingintotheseafromthetopofthecliffs ismuchmoredangerousthanbungeejumping.D.Manypeoplenowad aysfeellifedullbecausetheyhaven''ttriedbungeejumping.Ar oundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpartindangerous sportsandactivities.Now,therearepeoplewholookforanimme diateexcitementfromariskyactivitywhichmayonlylastafew minutesorevenseconds.Iwouldconsiderbungeejumping(蹦极)to beagoodexampleofsuchanactivity.Youjumpfromahighplac e200metersabovethegroundwithanelastic(弹性的)ropetiedto yourfeet.Youfallatupto150kilometersanhouruntiltherop estopsyoufromhittingtheground.Itissaidthatabout2mill ionpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping.Other activitieswhichmostpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbung eeincludejumpingfromtallbuildingsanddivingintotheseafr omthetopofhighcliffs.Passage27育人博才教育29.Thewriterofthe passagehasa______attitudetowardsdangeroussports.A.positi veB.negativeC.neutralD.critical30.Thebesttitlefort hepassageis_______.A.DangerousSports:WhatandWayB.Bore domofModernLifeC.BungeeJumping;IsItReallyDangerous? D.NeedforExerciseWhydopeopletakepartinsuchactivities asthese?Somepsychologistssuggestthatitisbecauselifein modernsocietieshasbecomesafeandboring.Notverylongago,p eople''sliveswereconstantlyindanger.Theyhadtogooutandh untforfood,diseasescouldnoteasilybecured,andlifewasa continuousbattleforsurvival.Nowadays,accordingtomanypeopl e,lifeofferslittleexcitement.Theyliveandworkinquitesaf econditions;theybuyfoodinshops,andtherearedoctorsandh ospitalstolookafterthemwhentheybecomeill.Theanswerfor someofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchas bungeejumping.Passage27育人博才教育Aroundtheworldmoreandmorep eoplearetakingpartindangeroussportsandactivities.Now,th erearepeoplewholookforanimmediateexcitementfromarisky activitywhichmayonlylastafewminutesorevenseconds.Iwo uldconsiderbungeejumping(蹦极)tobeagoodexampleofsuchan activity.Youjumpfromahighplace200metersabovetheground withanelastic(弹性的)ropetiedtoyourfeet.Youfallatupto1 50kilometersanhouruntiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheg round.Itissaidthatabout2millionpeoplearoundtheworldha venowtriedbungeejumping.Otheractivitieswhichmostpeoplea roundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeeincludejumpingfromtallb uildingsanddivingintotheseafromthetopofhighcliffs.Wh ydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasthese?Somepsycholog istssuggestthatitisbecauselifeinmodernsocietieshasbeco mesafeandboring.Notverylongago,people''sliveswereconsta ntlyindanger.Theyhadtogooutandhuntforfood,diseasesco uldnoteasilybecured,andlifewasacontinuousbattleforsur vival.Nowadays,accordingtomanypeople,lifeofferslittleexc itement.Theyliveandworkinquitesafeconditions;theybuyfo odinshops,andtherearedoctorsandhospitalstolookafterth emwhentheybecomeill.Theanswerforsomeofthesepeopleist olookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping.育人博才教育如今,有 些人从危险运动中寻找瞬间的刺激,哪怕只持续几分钟甚至几秒钟。你从离地面200米高的地方跳下来,脚上绑着一根弹力绳。大多数人现在尝试 的运动包括从高建筑物上蹦极,还有从悬崖顶上跳海。一些心理学家认为是因为现代生活安全而又无聊。他们生活和工作在安全的环境中,在商店里 购买食物,生病了有医生和医院照顾。会写的单词认识不会写的单词不认识的单词动词育人博才教育Aroundtheworldmor eandmorepeoplearetakingpartindangeroussportsandactivit ies.Now,therearepeoplewholookforanimmediateexcitementf romariskyactivitywhichmayonlylastafewminutesorevense conds.Iwouldconsiderbungeejumping(蹦极)tobeagoodexample ofsuchanactivity.Youjumpfromahighplace200metersabove thegroundwithanelastic(弹性的)ropetiedtoyourfeet.Youfall atupto150kilometersanhouruntiltheropestopsyoufromhi ttingtheground.Itissaidthatabout2millionpeoplearoundt heworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping.育人博才教育7.Otheractivities whichmostpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeeinclude jumpingfromtallbuildingsanddivingintotheseafromthetop ofhighcliffs.Whydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasth ese?Somepsychologistssuggestthatitisbecauselifeinmodern societieshasbecomesafeandboring.Notverylongago,people'' sliveswereconstantlyindanger.Theyhadtogooutandhuntfo rfood,diseasescouldnoteasilybecured,andlifewasacontin uousbattleforsurvival.育人博才教育9.Nowadays,accordingtomanype ople,lifeofferslittleexcitement.10.Theyliveandworkinqu itesafeconditions;theybuyfoodinshops,andtherearedoctor sandhospitalstolookafterthembecomeill.11.Theanswerfor someofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchas bungeejumping.育人博才教育31.MarkTwainis______.A.thebestknown authorinAmericanliteratureB.thebestknownauthorinthew orldC.thebestauthorinAmericaallthetimeD.thebestauth orintheworld32.Thebook,LifeontheMississippi,toldus___ _______.A.hisadventuresontheMississippiB.hissuccessfulw aytoawriterC.hislifeasawriterD.hissuccessfullecture sNoauthorinAmericanliteratureisbetterknownormoreloved thanSamuelLanghorneClemens.BorninMissionin1835.Hegrewu pinthebanksoftheMississippiRiverandusedthepennameof “MarkTwain”.Thetwonovelsbroughthimhisgreatestfame:TomS awyerandHuckleberryFinn.Anotherbook,LifeontheMississippi ,toldofhisadventuresontheriverboatsoftheperiod.Itwa sduringtheCivilWarthatMarkTwain’slifeasawriterstarted .AtthattimehewasworkingasanewspapermaninNevadaandCa lifornia.Hisshortstory,TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaver asCount3,wasanimmediatesuccessandhisnewlifebegan.Passa ge28育人博才教育33.Whichofthefollowingnovelsmadehimfamous?A. TomSawyerB.HuckleberryFinn C.LifeontheMississippiD. BothAtheB34.MarkTwain’slifeasawriterstarted_____.when hewasaboyB.beforehegotmarriedC.afterhegotmarried D.whenhegotmarried35.FromthestorywecanlearnthatMarkTw ainA.wasagoodspeaker B.wasagoodreaderC.wasapoorne wspaperman D.coulddrawwonderfulpictures(段1)NoauthorinAm ericanliteratureisbetterknownormorelovedthanSamuelLangh orneClemens.BorninMissionin1835.Hegrewupinthebanksof theMississippiRiverandusedthepennameof“MarkTwain”.The twonovelsbroughthimhisgreatestfame:TomSawyerandHuckleb erryFinn.Anotherbook,LifeontheMississippi,toldofhisadv enturesontheriverboatsoftheperiod.(段2)Itwasduringthe CivilWarthatMarkTwain’slifeasawriterstarted.Atthattim ehewasworkingasanewspapermaninNevadaandCalifornia.His shortstory,TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCount3,wa sanimmediatesuccessandhisnewlifebegan.In1870,MarkTwai nmarriedOliviaLangdon.Hehadfalleninlovewithherwifeeve nbeforehemether.HiswifehadagreatinfluenceonTwain’sla terbooks.MarkTwainwasalsoaverysuccessfullecturer.Hist ravelsaroundthecountrygivingtalksondifferentkindsofsubj ectshelpedmakehimfamousandincreasedthesaleofhisbooks. Passage28育人博才教育育人博才教育NoauthorinAmericanliteratureisbette rknownormorelovedthanSamuelLanghorneClemens.BorninMiss ionin1835.HegrewupinthebanksoftheMississippiRiverand usedthepennameof“MarkTwain”.Thetwonovelsbroughthimhi sgreatestfame:TomSawyerandHuckleberryFinn.Anotherbook,L ifeontheMississippi,toldofhisadventuresontheriverboats oftheperiod.ItwasduringtheCivilWarthatMarkTwain’sli feasawriterstarted.Atthattimehewasworkingasanewspape rmaninNevadaandCalifornia.Hisshortstory,TheCelebratedJ umpingFrogofCalaverasCount3,wasanimmediatesuccessandhis newlifebegan.In1870,MarkTwainmarriedOliviaLangdon.He hadfalleninlovewithherwifeevenbeforehemether.Hiswife hadagreatinfluenceonTwain’slaterbooks.MarkTwainwasal soaverysuccessfullecturer.Histravelsaroundthecountrygiv ingtalksondifferentkindsofsubjectshelpedmakehimfamousa ndincreasedthesaleofhisbooks.TomSawyerandHuckleberryF innareconsideredTwain’sbestworks.Theyaremarkedbyhumora ndsatire(讽刺文学,讽刺)andprovidehisreaderswithanexcellentpic tureofhistime.Hislastbookwascompletedin1909,oneyearb eforehisdeath.Hewasthen74yearsold.1.美国文学史上,没有人比SLC更知名更受喜 爱了了。另一本书,密西西比河上的生活,讲述他乘坐那时期的舟船在河上冒险的故事。3.马克吐温也是个成功的演说家。4.他在世界各地旅行 ,就各种话题发表演讲,使他更加出名,并且使他的书销量增加。5.它们以幽默和讽刺著称,为读者描绘出他那时代的优秀画卷。会写的单词认识 不会写的单词不认识的单词动词育人博才教育NoauthorinAmericanliteratureisbetter knownormorelovedthanSamuelLanghorneClemens.BorninMissi onin1835.HegrewupinthebanksoftheMississippiRiverand usedthepennameof“MarkTwain”.Thetwonovelsbroughthimhis greatestfame:TomSawyerandHuckleberryFinn.Anotherbook,Li feontheMississippi,toldofhisadventuresontheriverboats oftheperiod.ItwasduringtheCivilWarthatMarkTwain’slif easawriterstarted.Atthattimehewasworkingasanewspaper maninNevadaandCalifornia.Hisshortstory,TheCelebratedJu mpingFrogofCalaverasCount3,wasanimmediatesuccessandhis newlifebegan.育人博才教育育人博才教育In1870,MarkTwainmarriedOliviaLa ngdon.Hehadfalleninlovewithherwifeevenbeforehemether .HiswifehadagreatinfluenceonTwain’slaterbooks.MarkTwa inwasalsoaverysuccessfullecturer.Histravelsaroundtheco untrygivingtalksondifferentkindsofsubjectshelpedmakehim famousandincreasedthesaleofhisbooks.TomSawyerandHuckl eberryFinnareconsideredTwain’sbestworks.Theyaremarkedby humorandsatire(讽刺文学,讽刺)andprovidehisreaderswithanexcel lentpictureofhistime.Hislastbookwascompletedin1909,on eyearbeforehisdeath.Hewasthen74yearsold.36.Inthepas t20years,JackandTomkepttheirrelationship_______.A.ser iousB.tense C.distant D.close37.Jackdecidedtobuil dafenceto_______.A.protecthimself B.fightback C.plea seTom D.giveinOnceuponatime,twobrothers,JackandTom, wholivedonneighboringfarms,fellintoconflict.Forthepast 20years,theyhadbeenongoodtermsfarmingsidebyside,shar ingmachinery,andtradinglaborandgoodsasneeded.Thedispute beganwithasmallmisunderstandingandgrewintoamajordiffer ence,andfinallyexplodedintoanexchangeofbitterwordsfollo wedbyweeksofsilence.OnemorningtherewasaknockonJack’s door.Itwasacarpenterlookingforafewdays’work.Jackoffer edhimajobsaying,“Lookacrossthesteamatthatfarm.That’s myneighbor,infact,it’smyyoungerbrother.Thereusedtobea meadowbetweenus.Lastweekhepulleddownthedamonthesmall riverandnowthereisastreaminstead.Well,hemayhavedone thistooffendme,butI’lldohimonebetter.”“Seethatpileof lumber(木材)bythehouse?Iwantyoutobuildmeafence—an8- footfence.”Thecarpentersaid,“IthinkIunderstoodthesituat ion.Showmethenailsandthepost-holedigger(打桩机)andI’llbe abletodoajobthatpleaseyou.”Passage29育人博才教育38.Whatdoes underlinedexpression“quiteafellow”meaninparagraph5?A.A powerfulman B.Arichman C.Agenerousman D.Acapableman 39.ThecarpenterbuiltthebridgeinsteadofafencetohelpJac kandTom______.A.meeteachother B.storethelumberC.re gainbrotherlyaffection D.renewtheirbusiness40.Whatcanwe learnfromthepassage?A.Bettermakefriendsthanmakeenemies .B.Agoodfriendbringsafarlandnear.C.Familytiesareclos ethansocialrelations.D.Atoothforatooth.Jackhadt ogointotown,sohehelpedthecarpentergetthematerialready andthenhewasofffortheday.Thecarpenterworkedhardallt hatdaymeasuring,sawingandnailing.AboutsunsetwhenJackret urned,thecarpenterhadjustfinishedhisjob.Jack’seyesopen edwide,hisjawdropped.Therewasnofencethereatall.Itwas abridge—abridgestretchingfromonesideofthestreamtoth eother!Afinepieceofwork!Hisyoungerbrotherwascomingtow ardthemwithhandsoutstretched.“Youarequiteafellowtobuil dthisbridgeafterallI’vesaidanddone.”Thetwobrotherssto odateachendofthebridge,andthentheymetinthemiddle,ta kingeachother’shand.Theyturnedtoseethecarpenterlifthis toolboxontohisshoulder.“No,wait!Stayafewdays,Ihavea lotofotherprojectsforyou.”SaidJack,“I’dlovetostayon.” Thecarpentersaid,“butIhavemanymorebridgestobuild.”Pass age29育人博才教育育人博才教育意见不合是从一个小误会开始的,然后变成了大分歧,最后他们互相说些不好听的话,然后彼此沉默几周 。他这样做可能是为了冒犯我,那我就要比他更胜一筹。那儿根本没有篱笆,只有一座桥,从小溪的这一头延伸到那一头。尽管我说了那些话,你 却还建了这样一座桥,你真是太宽容了。两兄弟站在桥的两头,然后走到中间,握住了彼此的手。Onceuponatime,two brothers,JackandTom,wholivedonneighboringfarms,fellinto conflict.Forthepast20years,theyhadbeenongoodtermsfar mingsidebyside,sharingmachinery,andtradinglaborandgoods asneeded.Thedisputebeganwithasmallmisunderstandingandg rewintoamajordifference,andfinallyexplodedintoanexchang eofbitterwordsfollowedbyweeksofsilence.Onemorningthere wasaknockonJack’sdoor.Itwasacarpenterlookingforafew days’work.Jackofferedhimajobsaying,“Lookacrossthesteamatthatfarm.That’smyneighbor,infact,it’smyyoungerbrother.Thereusedtobeameadowbetweenus.Lastweekhepulleddownthedamonthesmallriverandnowthereisastreaminstead.Well,hemayhavedonethistooffendme,butI’lldohimonebetter.”育人博才教育“Seethatpileoflumber(木材)bythehouse?Iwantyoutobuildmeafence—an8-footfence.”Thecarpentersaid,“IthinkIunderstoodthesituation.Showmethenailsandthepost-holedigger(打桩机)andI’llbeabletodoajobthatpleaseyou.”Jackhadtogointotown,sohehelpedthecarpentergetthematerialreadyandthenhewasofffortheday.Thecarpenterworkedhardallthatdaymeasuring,sawingandnailing.AboutsunsetwhenJackreturned,thecarpenterhadjustfinishedhisjob.Jack’seyesopenedwide,hisjawdropped.Therewasnofencethereatall.Itwasabridge—abridgestretchingfromonesideofthestreamtotheother!育人博才教育Afinepieceofwork!Hisyoungerbrotherwascomingtowardthemwithhandsoutstretched.“YouarequiteafellowtobuildthisbridgeafterallI’vesaidanddone.”Thetwobrothersstoodateachendofthebridge,andthentheymetinthemiddle,takingeachother’shand.Theyturnedtoseethecarpenterlifthistoolboxontohisshoulder.“No,wait!Stayafewdays,Ihavealotofotherprojectsforyou.”SaidJack,“I’dlovetostayon.”Thecarpentersaid,“butIhavemanymorebridgestobuild.”育人博才教育 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