26. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference
between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes.
【分析】 这是因果复合句，前半句是原因，后半句结果，so 是断句标志。前半句中，
that means 后面是一个省略 that 的宾语从句，其中主语是 a higher proportion of what is in
the sea ，谓语是 is being caught 。后半句是一个比较级结构 the real difference … is likely
to be worse than the one…，注意 recorded by changes in catch sizes 是一个过去分词结构，
修饰 the one。
【词汇】a higher proportion of 更高比例的
catch sizes 捕获量
【译文】 这意味着更高比例的海洋生物正在被捕杀，因此介于现在和过去这一段时间，
真正差别可能比捕获量所记录的变化更要糟糕。
27. NBAC will ask that Clinton''s 90-day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extended
indefinitely, and possibly that it be made law.
【分析】 今天选择这个句子是为了理解一个语言现象：虚拟语气。主语是 NBAC，谓
语 ask 后面是两个并列的宾语从句。在第一个从句中，主语是 Clinton''s 90-day ban，谓语
是 be extended，ask 表示“要求”，后面是虚拟语气的用法，即 the 90-day ban should be
extended，should 被省略。在第二个从句中，it 指代 the ban on federal funds for human
cloning， 谓语动词 be 前面也被省略 should。
【词汇】ask 要求（后面出现从句，谓语动词用 should+动词原形，should 可以省略）
ban 禁止
federal funds 联邦资金
indefinitely 无限制地
【译文】 NBAC 会要求将克林顿所颁布的在 90 天内禁止联邦基金用于克隆人的禁令
无限期地延续下去，还可能要求将之立法。
28. In a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May meeting, Shapiro
suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be “morally unacceptable
to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning.”
【分析】主干是 Shapiro suggested that＋从句。主语前面的部分是该句的介词短语作状
语，其中 recommendations 后面接过去分词结构 discussed at the 17 May meeting 做修饰成分。
that 引导的宾语从句 the panel had found a broad consensus，而从句中 a broad consensus 后
面是同位语从句，解释 consensus 的内容，这个同位语从句中的 it 充当的是形式主语，真
正的主语是后面的不定式 to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning。
【词汇】draft 草稿
preface 序言 (pre-在…前面，face 封面)
suggest 不表示建议，在这里译成“提出”
panel 专家组
consensus 共识
morally 道德地
attempt to 尝试
【译文】在 5 月 17 日会议上所讨论的建议书序言草案中，Shapiro 提出，专家组已经
达成广泛共识，那就是“试图通过成人细胞核克隆来制造人类幼儿的做法在道德上是不可接
受的”。
29. No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professional and amateurs in science:
exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word "amateur" does carry a
connotation that person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and,
in particular, may not share its values.
【分析】冒号将句子一分为二，前面分句中 No clear-cut distinction 是主语，can be drawn
是谓语部分，后面是介词短语。后面分句是对前面的解释。Nevertheless 表明两句话之间
的逻辑关系，the word "amateur"是主语， does carry 是谓语，同时也是强调的写法， a
connotation 是宾语。后面 that 引导同位语从句，其中 is 和 may not share 用 and 连接。
【词汇】clear-cut 清晰的，轮廓鲜明的
distinction 区别，差别—>注意：显赫、声望的含义也是考试的重点
例如 a writer of distinction 一位卓越的作家
academic distinctions 学术上的荣誉
amateur a.业余爱好者
connotation 含蓄，内涵[carry a connotation 意味着]
is fully integrated into 充分融入 （integrate v. 使一体化，结合）
【译文】科学领域的专业人员和业余爱好者之间划不出泾渭分明的界线：因为任何规则都
有例外。然而，"业余" 一词的确意味着相关人员不能充分融入职业科学界，尤其未能分享
科学圈子的价值。
30. The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often
unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific
theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life.
解析：该句的主干是 The goal … will be to try to explain...，explain 后
接的是双宾语，即 explain to sb. sth.，直接宾语是 that 引导的从句。
该从句的主干是 there are not two theories for...，其中 origin 和
evolution， universe 和 life 都是 and 连接的并列名词。
词汇：unenlightened adj. 无知的，不文明的
valid adj.有效的
evolution n. 进化，发展
译文：所有（这些书）的目的是试图告诉那些迷惑不解且常常头脑
不开化的普通百姓：就宇宙和生命的起源与发展问题而言，不可能
存在两种同样成立的科学理论。
31. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug
interactions, for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,
it isn''t clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability
if a customer is injured.
【分析】 在这个主从复合句中，while 引导的从句由两个部分组成，中间用
and 连接。破折号之间的部分是举例说明 warnings 的内容，做为插入语。注意：
many are required by state or federal regulations 中的 many 是指 many warnings。it
isn''t clear … is injured 是主句，主句用了一个形式主语 it，真正的主语是 that 引
导的从句，they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability 是主
体，之后是一个 if 引导的条件从句。
【词汇】interaction 相互作用
federal 联邦
regulation 法规
protect…from…保护…以免
liability 责任 (be liable for 对…负责)
【译文】 尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险
提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们) 并不
清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁
免责任。
32. The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the
BBC ——including ordinary listeners and viewer to say what was good or bad about the
Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping.
【分析】主句是 The debate was launched by the Government，后面是 which 引导的非限定性
定语从句，谓语部分比较特殊，是 invited…sb. to say …破折号后面是 anyone with an opinion
of the BBC 的解释说明。say 后面是两个宾语从句，一个是 what 引导，一个是 whether 引
导。
【词汇】launch 发起
viewer 观众
corporation 公司
be worth doing 值得做某事
【译文】这场辩论是由政府发动的，政府请任何一个对英国广播公司有意见的人——包括
普通的听众和观众——来说说这个公司好在哪里或坏在哪里，甚至要说说他们是否认为这
个公司值得保留下来。
33. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion
or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made
relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
【分析】 句子主干结构是 Additional social stresses may also occur；because of 后面有两
个宾语 the population explosion 和 problems；名词 problems 带有现在分词短语作后置定语
arising from mass migration movements； themselves 作为代词，指前面的名词短语 mass
migration movements，充当同位语作用，后面的过去分词短语 made relatively easy 是
themselves 的后置定语，by modern means of transport 是方式状语，解释变得容易的原因。
【词汇】population explosion 人口爆炸
arise from 源自于
migration 移民
means of…的方式
【译文】新的社会压力出现，是因为人口猛增或大量人口流动——是现代交通工具使
人口流动变得相对容易。
34. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me
to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced
government minister, I covered my exit by claiming “I wanted to spend more time with my
family”.
【分析】 本句中 a lateral move 是主语，that hurt my pride and blocked my
professional progress 是 a lateral move 的定语从句，promoted sb. to abandon..是谓语结构，
although 是状语从句连接词，I covered my exit 是从句主干， by 引导状语，引号里的是
claim 的宾语，其中逗号之间的 in the manner of a disgraced government minister 是插入语。
【单词】lateral adj.平行的
block v.阻碍
prompt sb. to do 促使某人做某事
profile 轮廓 -->high profile 固定搭配“高调的”，反义词 low profile
disgrace 丢脸，耻辱
cover 掩盖
【译文】一次平级的人事调动伤了我的自尊心，并阻断了我的事业发展，这促使我放弃自己相对高调的职业，
当然，就像出丑的政府部长那样，我借口“我想有更多的时间与家人呆在一起”来掩饰我的离开。
35. I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much publicized resignation from the
editorship of She after a buildup of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your
life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards
than financial success and social status.
【分析】 本句中 as perhaps Kelsey will…a buildup of stress 充当插入语，其中 Kelsey
will 后面省略了前面出现的重复单词 discover，after 作为介词引导宾语 her much
publicized resignation 做状语。本句的主体结构是 I have discovered that…宾语从句中主
语为 abandoning…and making…并列的动名词短语；谓语为 bring sth 结构，只是因宾
语 far greater rewards than financial success and social status 过长，而把 with it 状语提
前。
【词汇】resignation 离职
a buildup of stress 长期的压力
doctrine 信念
alternative 转换
social status 社会地位
【译文】 我发觉，放弃那种“日夜操劳的生活”信念而选择“放慢生活的节奏”会带
来比金钱和社会地位更大的回报。凯尔西在长期经受巨大压力后，从惹人注目的《女性》
杂志编辑部退出之后，恐怕她也将与我有同样的感觉。
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