2020年1月浙江省普通高校招生学考科目考试
英语试题
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题纸上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a zoo. B. In a library. C. In a drugstore.
【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: So you need some information on animal cells? Check the tall shelf and you may find what you want.
M: Oh, I see. May I borrow one for a day or two?
W: Sorry! The reference books are not for lending.
2. What will the man do next?
A. Change some money. B. Take the food home. C. Sit and eat his meal.
【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: I’d like a chicken roll, an order of fries and a chocolate shake.
W: For here or to go?
M: I’ll eat here and here’s 20 dollars.
3. What does the woman suggest?
A. Buying a computer. B. Hiring an assistant. C. Starting a business.
【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: I think we should replace that old computer.
W: Em, the old computer. Why not get an assistant too? Our business is growing fast.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The weather. B. The scenery. C. The traffic.
【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Oh, another windy day! It’s dusty everywhere and I can hardly see anything. It must be dangerous to drive on such days.
M: Yes, it has been like this for a week.
5. When did the man see the film?
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Saturday.
【答案】B
【解析】【原文】W: Did you see the film on Wednesday?
M: No, I went on Thursday night. Did you, on Wednesday?
W: I was going, too, but could not make it. I think I’ll go on Saturday night.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项 中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Who is the newcomer?
A. David Cook. B. joe Sanders. C. Li am Neeson.
7. What is the newcomer''s position in the company?
A. He is a film director.
B. He is a program manager.
C. He is a department head.
【答案】6. B 7. C【解析】【原文】W: Hey, Michael, did you hear of the newcomer?
M: Who?
W: We girls just call him Liam Neeson because you look so much like him from the film Schindler’s List.
M: Oh, you mean Joey Sanders? He is a new head of the marketing department.
W: Is he? I thought he was in your department, taking David Cook’s place in charge of the “M-One-or-Three” program.
M: As a matter of fact, I’m heading “M-One-or-Three” program now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What does the woman do?
A. She'' a secretary. B. She'' a hotel maid. C. She''s a salesperson.
9. What is the man going to do?
A. Change the sheets. B. Have breakfast. C. Meet his friends.
10. What does the man ask the woman to do at the end of the conversation?
A. Take the plate away. B. Bring some towels. C. Turn on the light.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A
【解析】【原文】W: May I come in, sir?
M: Yes. Thanks for coming so quickly.
W: Certainly, sir. How can I help you?
M: I’d like some fresh towels in the bathroom.
W: I’ll get them immediately. Would you like me to also change the sheets?
M: Excellent! Oh, by the way, I can never find the light switch when I get back in the evening.
W: I’ll make sure to leave the lamp on after I finish cleaning up.
M: That’s good to hear. Well, it’s time for me to see my friends.
W: Enjoy your day, sir.
M: Oh, I will. Just the second. Could you also take out the plate with this morning’s breakfast?
W: Yes, sir. I’ll take it with me when I finish tidying up.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. Why does Jessica make the call?
A. To look for her passport. B. To apply for a credit card. C. To ask for the manager.
12. Where will Jessica go right after the phone call?
A. The bank B. Her home C. The supermarket
13. How does the man sound?
A. Helpful B. Nervous C. Surprised
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. A
【解析】【原文】M: Megabank Services, good morning.
W: Ah, good morning. My name is Jessica Meghani. I was in your bank earlier this morning and I’m wondering if I dropped my passport while I was there. Has anybody found the passport by any chance?
M: Hold on a moment. I’ll check for you.
M: Hello?
W: Hello!
M: Yes, one of our customers has just handed it in a passport.
W: I’ll thank goodness for that.
M: When exactly did you lose your passport?
W: Oh, I didn’t notice it until about half an hour ago, but I was in the bank at about 9:30 this morning.
M: Have you lost anything else?
W: Anything else? No, I don’t think I have.
M: Something you used in the bank?
W: Oh, my goodness. My credit card is gone as well.
M: Yes, you left your credit card on the counter.
W: Now I’m in a supermarket. I’ll come to pick them up after I take the shopping home.
M: That will be fine. Remember to bring some photo identification with you.
W: OK. See you at the moment. Thanks.
M: See you later.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is the man doing?
A. Placing an order. B. Selling insurance C. Conducting an interview
15. What did Leaney study for a degree?
A. Finance B. Education C. Public Relations
16. What is an advantage of a smaller business according to Leaney?
A. Greater contributions to the neighborhood
B. Closer employer-employee relationship
C. More flexibility in providing services
17. What is Leaney’s plan for the next two weeks?
A. To visit her parents B. To call her relatives C. To finish her work
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. C 17. A
【解析】【原文】M: Hello, can I speak to Miss Leaney?
W: This is Leaney. May I know who’s calling?
M: I’m Adam Watt from the Seven Star Insurance Company. Thank you for your interest in our company. I need some more information from your side.
W: Oh, sure, Mr. Watt, please go ahead.
M: You’ve got a degree in finance. Why did you apply for this job?
W: I read the job description and discovered a few interesting programs that I’d like to be a part of. They are challenging yet rewarding, just the sort of things I consider to fit me best.
M: I see. But given your educational background, wouldn’t you want to work for some bigger companies?
W: I prefer smaller companies to bigger ones because smaller business has the ability to be more flexible in its service offerings. In a small company we can provide our customers with the exact service that they need. By doing this, we can form a closer relationship with our customers as if they were our neighbors or relatives.
M: That’s very interesting. When will you be available for employment?
W: In two weeks. I promise my parents a ten-day visit. I can start work immediately after I’m back.
M: Great. I’ll call you back in a couple of days about our final decision.
W: OK, thank you very much.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What is the purpose of the talk?
A. To present a prize. B. To introduce a lecturer. C. To recommend a book
19. Where is Russel working now?
A. In Oxford B. In Chicago C. In Virginia
20. What does Russel think of sleep?
A. It’s seldom studied B. It’s just a waste of time C. It’s of great importance
【答案】18. B 19. A 20. C
【解析】【原文】Sleep is of the dead. Sleep is a criminal waste of time. That’s not mean talking. That’s two famous people, Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Edison. But tonight we have an equally well-known person who disagrees with such ideas. He is Russel Faster. He is one of this country’s leading scientists in sleep studies and the free-thinking lecture of the year. Russel is a man who thinks deeply and sleeps deeply and he wants us to stop seeing sleep as inconvenience, something to be gotten through, a man who wants us to take sleep as the most important behavioral experience that we have. Russel has been doing this research for decades at the University of Virginia, Chicago and now at Oxford, but his work also takes him beyond the lab. Through videos and popular books, Russel has become a public speaker for sleep and tonight’s lecture is about his research. Please welcome Russel Faster.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C和ID四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
I never knew anyone who’d grown up in Jackson without being afraid of Mrs. Calloway our librarian. She ran Jackson’s Carnegie Library absolutely by herself. SILENCE in big black letters was on signs hung everywhere. If she thought you were dressed improperly, she sent you straight back home to change your clothes. I was willing；I would do anything to read.
My mother was not afraid of Mrs. Calloway. She wished me to have my own library card to check out books for myself, She took me in to introduce me. “Eudora is nine years old and has my permission to read any book she wants from the shelves, children or adults,” Mother said.
Mrs. Calloway made her own rules about books. You could not take back a book to the library on the same day you`d taken it out；it made no difference to her that you’d read every word in it and needed another to start. You could take out two books at a time and two only. So two by two, I read library books as fast as I could go, rushing them home in the basket of my bicycle. From the minute I reached our house, I started to read. I knew this was extreme happiness, knew it at the time.
My mother shared this feeling of mine. Now, I think of her as reading so much of the time while doing something else. I remember her reading a magazine while taking the part of the Wolf in a game of "Little Red Riding Hood" with my brother''s two daughters. She''d just look up at the right time, long enough to answer– in character –"The better to eat you with, my dear," and go back to her place in the magazine article.
21. Which of the following best described Mrs. Calloway?
A. diet. B. Strict. C. Humorous. D. Considerate.
22. What do the underlined words "this feeling" refer to in the last paragraph?
A. Desire to read. B. Love for Mrs. Calloway.
C. Interest in games. D. Fear of the library rules.
23. Where is the text probably from?
A. guidebook. B. an autobiography. C. a news report. D. book review.
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要内容为作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样拥有对读书的渴望。
【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中I never knew anyone who’d grown up in Jackson without being afraid of Mrs. Calloway our librarian. （我从来没见过哪个在杰克逊长大的人不害怕我们的图书管理员卡洛维夫人）以及SILENCE in big black letters was on signs hung everywhere. If she thought you were dressed improperly, she sent you straight back home to change your clothes.（到处都挂着牌子，上面用黑色的大字写着“肃静”。如果她认为你穿得不合适，她会直接让你回家换衣服）可知Mrs. Calloway很严格。故选B。
【22题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文Now, I think of her as reading so much of the time while doing something else.（现在，我觉得她在做其他事情的同时，也在阅读）可知作者的妈妈也非常喜欢阅读，故作者的母亲渴望读书和作者是一样的。故划线短语意思为“渴望读书”。故选A。
【23题详解】推理判断题。结合文章主要内容可知，作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样渴望读书。故可推测文章可能来自于一份自传。故选B。
【点睛】文章出处类推理判断题。做这类题重要的是要抓住文章的内容或结构特征，这是推理判断的前提和基础。如报纸，前面会出现日期、地点、通讯社名称等；广告，其格式特殊，容易辨认；产品说明、器皿设备的使用说明有产品名称或操作方法，而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、次数和药量等。如第三小题，结合文章主要内容为作者非常喜爱阅读，并保持着在图书馆中阅读和借阅书籍的习惯，而作者的母亲也和作者一样拥有对读书的渴望。可知文章可能来自于自传。故选B。
B
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is road testing a new way to keep winter roads ice-free – by spreading on them cheese brine, the salty liquid used to make soft cheese, like mozzarella.
Wisconsin, also called "America''s Dairyland," is famous for its cheese. The state produced 2.8 billion pounds of cheese last year! a result, there was a lot of leftover cheese brine. Disposing of(处置)the brine can be expensive. So what should cheese makers do with the waste?
Normally, towns use rock salt to de-ice streets. The salt lowers waters'' freezing point, causing ice to melt(融化). But using cheese brine could help both cheese producers and cities save money, while keeping roads safe. Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rock salt, helps lower water''s freezing point.
In addition to saving money, cheese brine could also be a more environment-friendly option. Many people suspect that all the rock salt used every winter is harming the environment.
Rock salt is made of sodium chloride, the sane con-pound (化合物)in ordinary table salt. Sounds harmless, right? But while you probably add only a small amount of salt to your food, road crews spread about 20 million tons of salt on U.S. Roads every year!
The chemical washes off roads and goes into the ground. There it can pollute drinking water, harm plants. and eat away soil. By spreading cheese brine on streets before adding a layer of rock salt, Milwaukee may be able to cut its rock salt use by 30 percent.
Cheese brine has a downside too – a shell similar to that of bad milk. "I don''t really mind it," Emil Norby told Modern Farmer magazine. He works for one of Wisconsin''s county highway commissions and came up with the idea of using cheese brine. "Our roads smell like Wisconsin!" he said.
24. Why can cheese brine help keep winter roads ice-free?
A. It is soft. B. It contains salt. C. It is warm. D. It has milk in it.
25. What is a benefit of using cheese urine on roads?
A. Improving air quality. B. Increasing sales of rock salt.
C. Reducing water pollution. D. Saving the cheese industry.
26. Milwaukee''s new way to de-ice streets may be an example of_______________.
A. barking up the wrong tree B. putting the cart before the horse
C. robbing Peter to pay Paul D. killing two birds with one stone
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了威斯康辛州的密尔沃基市正在试验一种新的路面防冻方法——在路面上涂上奶酪盐水。文章说明了这种新方法的好处是，相比于常用的岩盐，奶酪盐水既可以帮助道路不结冰，同时又很省钱环保。
【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rock salt, helps lower water''s freezing point.（奶酪盐水中含有盐，就像岩盐一样，有助于降低水的冰点）可知因为奶酪盐水含有盐，所以能帮助冬季道路不结冰。故选B。
【25题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中There it can pollute drinking water, harm plants. and eat away soil. By spreading cheese brine on streets before adding a layer of rock salt, Milwaukee may be able to cut its rock salt use by 30 percent.（在那里它可以污染饮用水，伤害植物，侵蚀土壤。通过在街道上撒上奶酪盐水，然后再撒上一层岩盐，密尔沃基或许可以将岩盐的使用量减少30%）可知岩盐会污染饮用水，而在道路上使用奶酪盐水可以减少水污染。故选C。
【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rock salt, helps lower water''s freezing point.（奶酪盐水中含有盐，就像岩盐一样，有助于降低水的冰点）以及第四段第一句In addition to saving money, cheese brine could also be a more environment-friendly option.（除了省钱，奶酪盐水也是一个更环保的选择）可知相比于常用的岩盐，奶酪盐水既可以帮助道路不结冰，同时又很省钱环保，可知密尔沃基市的街道除冰新方法是一个“一石二鸟”的成功例子。故选D。
C
Today''s world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. Key skill set for success is persistence (毅力), a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over time，the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.
"There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers，"Padilla-Walker said. "This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence-which can be taught-are key to a child''s life success.”
Researchers determined that dads need to practice an "authoritative" parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian:rigid，demanding or controlling. Rather，an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics:children feel warmth and love from their father；responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed children are given an appropriate level of autonomy(自主权).
In the study，about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time，children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence，which leads to better outcomes in school.
This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence，which is an avenue of future research.
27. What is special about the BYU professors'' study?
A. It centered on fathers'' role in parenting.
B. It was based on a number of large families.
C. It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles.
D. It aimed to improve kids'' achievement in school.
28. What would an authoritative father do when raising his children?
A. Ignore their demands. B. Make decisions for them.
C. Control their behaviors. D. Explain the rules to them.
29. Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers?
A. Single parents.
B. Children aged from 11 to 14.
C. Authoritarian fathers.
D. Mothers in two-parent homes.
30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers.
B. Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future.
C. Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father.
D. Family Relationship Influences School Performance.
【答案】27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，父亲在帮助青春期的孩子学习毅力方面具有独特的地位。研究人员认为，父亲们需要采用一种“权威”的养育方式，且一项重要的发现是，随着时间的推移，由权威父亲抚养长大的孩子更有可能培养出坚持不懈的精神，从而在学校取得更好的成绩。
【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.（杨百翰大学的研究人员发现，父亲在帮助青春期的孩子学习毅力方面具有独特的地位）可知杨百翰大学研究的特别之处在于，它关注的是父亲在养育子女中的角色。故选A。
【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Rather，an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father；responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed children are given an appropriate level of autonomy.（相反，权威的养育方式包括以下一些特征:孩子们感受到来自父亲的温暖和爱；强调责任和规则背后的原因；孩子们被给予适当的自主权）可知一个有权威的父亲在抚养孩子时会向他们解释规则。故选D。
【29题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence，which is an avenue of future research.（然而，研究人员认为，单亲父母仍然可能在教授坚持不懈的好处方面发挥作用，这是未来研究的一个方向）可知根据研究人员的说法，单亲父母是未来研究的重点。故选A。
【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段中A key finding is that over time，children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence，which leads to better outcomes in school.（一项重要的发现是，随着时间的推移，由权威父亲抚养长大的孩子更有可能培养出坚持不懈的精神，从而在学校取得更好的成绩）和文章主要内容为说明父亲在养育子女中的角色，故选C选项“孩子们倾向于向父亲学习决心”最符合文章标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Let''s take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
___31___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.___32___That''s around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That''s around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.___33___Therefore，they don''t have time to learn how to read or write and don''t get an education.
___34___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___35___People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can''t go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
【答案】31. A 32. E
33. D 34. F
35. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了水是我们生活中非常重要的能源，而世界上很多人并不像我们这样幸运能喝到干净的水。世界上大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝，每年有50多万儿童死于脏水引起的腹泻。就此联合国决定3月22日为世界水日，并在当天举办活动来教育人们关于脏水的问题，让人们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的。
【31题详解】根据下文For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.（例如，生产我们吃的食物的农民，使用水使植物生长。当我们打开电灯或电视或电脑的开关时，我们使用能源，我们需要水来产生这种能源）可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A选项“我们也间接地用水。”符合上下文语境，故选A。
【32题详解】根据下文That''s around one in 10 people in the world.（那大约是世界上十分之一的人）可推知本句为说明世界上没有干净水喝的人数。故E选项“你知道大约有7.5亿人没有干净的水喝吗?”符合上下文语境，故选E。
【33题详解】根据上文Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water可对应到D选项中walk many hours a day to get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合上下文语境，故选D。
【34题详解】结合下文On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.（每年的这一天，世界各国都会举办各种活动，让人们了解脏水的问题，让他们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的）是在说明世界水日当天的活动，故可知本句为说明世界水日的设立时间，故F选项“1993年，联合国决定3月22日为世界水日。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【35题详解】根据前文At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.（在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子负重6升水来步行6公里）可推知本句承接上文继续说明这一做法的意义是让孩子们了解带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。故G选项“通过这种方式，他们知道带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
【点睛】七选五做题技巧。做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。如第三小题，根据上文Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些国家，孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water可对应到D选项中walk many hours a day to get water，故D选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合上下文语境，故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood，the one about a___36___is my mother''s favorite.
I was only two when the___37___occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and ___38___to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief___39___to dash across the lawn(草坪)-and hit a large maple tree！I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and___40___on my backside. Mom___41___me to start crying，but I just sat there for a minute. Then I___42___myself up and kept right on going. Mom always___43___here that，as many times as I___44___across the lawn after that，I never again___45___into that tree.
Mom loves to use this story as an___46___. It reminds her that children don''t enter life___47___to take risks or unwilling to___48___again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that___49___as I grew older. When I___50___my major life decisions，I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents'' home to look for a___51___, Through years of___52___, I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students.
We are almost certain to get___53___at some point during the process of achieving our goal. When that happens，don''t sit in the grass and___54___.Just get up and keep on going It will all be worth it___55___.
36. A. trip B. race C. tree D. driver
37. A. incident B. change C. illness D. problem
38. A. feared B. refused C. forgot D. turned
39. A. delay B. absence C. freedom D. rest
40. A. landed B. slept C. laughed D. wept
41. A. promised B. encouraged C. allowed D. expected
42. A. woke B. picked C. warmed D. gave
43. A. adds B. replies C. admits D. supposes
44. A. drove B. lived C. stood D. zoomed
45. A. crashed B. broke C. climbed D. looked
46. A. answer B. example C. excuse D. order
47. A. able B. ashamed C. afraid D. anxious
48. A. ask B. share C. learn D. try
49. A. honesty B. toughness C. kindness D. curiosity
50. A. regretted B. reviewed C. made D. explained
51. A. job B. friend C. fortune D. house
52. A. memories B. efforts C. research D. experience
53. A. mixed up B. fed up C. knocked down D. settled down
54. A. play B. relax C. dream D. cry
55. A. all at once B. in the end C. in either case D. as a result
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. A 41. D 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者两岁时趁母亲不注意，在草坪上快速跑过时撞到了一棵树，作者没有哭，只是坐了一分钟然后自己站起来继续前进。这个故事也激励着作者一直保持韧性，最终通过努力成为了一位老师。作者想要告诉我们，在实现目标的过程中，我们几乎肯定会在某个时刻被打倒，但是只要不放弃最后都会是值得的。
【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我童年早期的所有故事中，关于一棵树的故事是我母亲最喜欢的。A. trip旅行；B. race赛事；C. tree树木；D. driver司机。结合后文讲述作者小时候撞到一颗枫树的故事，可推知母亲最喜欢讲述的故事是关于这棵树的。故选C。
【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次事件出现时我只有两岁。A. incident事件；B. change改变；C. illness疾病；D. problem问题。结合下文讲述故事的经过可知此处是指事情发生在作者两岁时。故选A。
【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈把我抱出车外，转过身去和司机说话。A. feared害怕；B. refused拒绝；C. forgot忘记；D. turned转向。结合后文to speak to the driver可知作者的妈妈转过身去和司机说话，没有注意到作者。故选D。
【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我利用短暂的自由冲过草坪，撞到了一棵大枫树！A. delay延迟；B. absence缺席；C. freedom自由；D. rest休息。结合上文作者的母亲在和司机说话，没有注意到作者，因此作者利用母亲不注意的短暂自由，撞到了一棵大枫树。故选C。
【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑得太快了，撞在树干上，仰面着地。A. landed降落；着陆；B. slept睡觉；C. laughed大笑；D. wept哭泣。结合后文on my backside作者撞到了树干，仰面着地。故选A。
【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈预计我要哭了，但我只是在那里坐了一分钟。A. promised承诺；B. encouraged鼓励；C. allowed允许；D. expected期待；预料。结合后文me to start crying可知母亲预料作者会哭。故选D。
【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我自己站了起来，继续前进。A. woke唤醒；B. picked挑选；C. warmed温暖；D. gave给予。结合后文myself up and kept right on going可知作者重站起来，继续前进。短语pick oneself up“跌倒后起来；振作精神”。故选B。
【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈总是在这里补充说，在那之后，尽管我快速冲过草坪很多次，我再也没有撞到那棵树。A. adds添加；补充；B. replies回复；C. admits承认；D. supposes认为。结合后文的叙述可知，母亲是在对之后发生的事情进行补充。故选A。
【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我快速冲过草坪很多次，我再也没有撞到那棵树。A. drove驾驶；B. lived居住；C. stood站立；D. zoomed疾行。结合上文to dash across the lawn-and hit a large maple tree！可知此处是指后来作者快速冲过草坪很多次。故选D。
【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我快速冲过草坪很多次，我再也没有撞到那棵树。A. crashed碰撞；坠落；B. broke打破；C. climbed攀爬；D. looked看着。结合后文into that tree可知是虽然后来也穿过草坪很多次，但作者再也没有撞上那棵树。短语crash into“撞上”。故选A。
【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈喜欢用这个故事作为例子。A. answer答案；B. example例子；C. excuse借口；D. order命令。结合第一段中提到的作者妈妈总是爱讲这棵树的故事，可知妈妈是将这棵树的故事作为提醒自己的一个例子。故选B。
【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子进入生活时，不会害怕冒险，也不会在跌倒时不愿再尝试。A. able能干的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. afraid害怕的；D. anxious焦急的。结合上文作者趁着妈妈不注意快速冲过草坪可知，孩子们并不害怕冒险。故选C。
【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子进入生活时，不会害怕冒险，也不会在跌倒时不愿再尝试。A. ask询问；B. share分享；C. learn学会；D. try尝试。结合上文作者在撞到树后，只是坐了一分钟又自己站起来继续前进，可知孩子在跌倒时不会不愿意再次尝试。故选D。
【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不希望我长大后失去那种韧性。A. honesty诚实；B. toughness坚韧；C. kindness善良；D. curiosity好奇心。这种遇到挫折还继续前进的精神是一种韧性。故选B。
【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我做出人生重大决定时，我还是那个全速跑过草坪的小女孩。A. regretted遗憾；B. reviewed复习；C. made做；D. explained解释。结合后文my major life decisions可知是做人生的重大决定。短语make a decision“做决定”。故选C。
【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我出国留学，后来离开父母的家去找工作。A. job工作；B. friend朋友；C. fortune财富；D. house房子。结合后文作者成为了老师可知是离开父母的家去找工作。故选A。
【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的努力，我已经成为了一名受人尊敬的老师。A. memories记忆；B. efforts努力；C. research研究；D. experience经历。结合第一段可知作者看不见，因此付出了许多年的努力才成为一名老师。故选B。
【53题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在实现目标的过程中，我们几乎肯定会在某个时刻被打倒。A. mixed up混合；B. fed up养壮；C. knocked down撞倒；D. settled down定居；解决。此处作者作出总结，人生总会有遇到像撞到树上那样，被打倒的时刻。故选C。
【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，不要坐在草地上哭泣。A. play玩耍；B. relax放松；C. dream梦想；D. cry哭泣。结合后文Just get up and keep on going可知作者认为当遇到不如意的时候，不要坐在草地上哭泣，而是应该站起来继续前进。故选D。
【55题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：到最后一切都会是值得的。A. all at once突然；B. in the end最后；C. in either case不论发生何种情况；D. as a result结果。结合作者的人生经历可知，遇到挫折只要不放弃继续前行，最后一切都会是值得的。故选B。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950___56___(be)30-today it is 41 and is expected___57___(increase)to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the___58___(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65；by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven___59___two factors. The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large___60___(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes___61___(old)than before. This is___62___(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has___63___very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should___64___(place)on longevity(长寿). It isn''t just that people are, on average, living longer. It''s also that they are on average healthier___65___more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.
【答案】56. was
57. to increase
58. numbers
59. by 60. compared
61. older 62. particularly
63. a 64. be placed
65. and
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了世界人口正面临老龄化问题，并分析了其产生的两个原因。
【56题详解】考查动词时态。句意：1950年美国人的中年年龄是30岁，今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时，且主语为The median age of an American，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。
【57题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式，故填to increase。
【58题详解】考查名词的数。句意：对日本来说，这个数字更加惊人——1950年是22岁，今天是46岁，2050年是53岁。number为可数名词表示“数字”，且根据下文are可知主语应用复数形式，故填numbers。
【59题详解】考查介词。句意：人口老龄化是由两个因素造成的。表示“由；被”应用介词by。故填by。
【60题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。短语be compared to“与……相比；与某事相提并论”，故填compared。
【61题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据下文than before可知应用形容词比较级，故填older。
【62题详解】考查副词。句意：在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true应用副词，故填particularly。
【63题详解】考查冠词。句意：今天在美国出生的孩子有非常现实的机会活到100岁以上，因此需要做出相应的计划。chance为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且very为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
【64题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形，故填be placed。
【65题详解】考查连词。句意：而且，平均而言，他们更健康，更长寿。结合上下文语境可知此处连接上下文两个并列短语应用连词and，故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
66.假定你是李华，你校将举办外国学生中文演讲比赛，请给你的英国朋友George写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括:
1.比赛时间；2.演讲话题；3.报名方式。
注意:
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear George,
I''m writing to invite you to join us in the “Chinese speech contest for foreigners” to be held in our school. The activity is scheduled at 8:00 a.m. on January 20th in the lecture hall.
The theme of the speech contest is “differences between eastern and western customs”, through which the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of Chinese splendid traditional culture and meanwhile strengthen their love of China.
Immensely fascinated by its mysterious culture and age-old history, you can, undoubtedly give us a wonderful and impressive performance. You are expected to sign up for the contest at www. Chinesespeechcontestforforeigners.com. I''d appreciate it if you could accept our invitation.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华，你校将举办外国学生中文演讲比赛，请给你的英国朋友George写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括:1.比赛时间；2.演讲话题；3.报名方式。
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组） ：Chinese speech contest（中文演讲比赛）；be scheduled（安排）；be bound to（必然）；gain a better understanding of（更好地了解）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如The theme of the speech contest is “differences between eastern and western customs”, through which the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of Chinese splendid traditional culture and meanwhile strengthen their love of China.运用了定语从句；I''d appreciate it if you could accept our invitation.运用了条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
“I''m going to miss you so much, Poppy, "said the tall, thin teenager. He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye. He stood up, hugged his parents, and smiled, trying not to let his emotions(情绪)get the better of him.
His parents were not quite able to keep theirs under control. They had driven their son several hours out of town to the university where he would soon be living and studying. It was time to say goodbye for now at least. The family hugged and smiled through misty eyes and then laughed.
The boy lifted the last bag onto his shoulder, and flashed a bright smile.” I guess this is it, “he said.” I''ll see you back home in a month, okay？"His parents nodded, and they watched as he walked out of sight into the crowds of hundreds of students and parents. The boy''s mother turned to the dog, “Okay, Poppy, time to go back home.”
The house seemed quiet as a tomb without the boy living there. All that week, Poppy didn''t seem interested in her dinner, her favorite toy, or even in her daily walk. Her owners were sad too, but they knew their son would be back to visit. Poppy didn''t.
They offered the dog some of her favorite peanut butter treats. They even let her sit on the sofa, but the old girl just wasn''t her usual cheerful self. Her owners started to get worried. "What should we do to cheer Poppy up？"asked Dad. “We''ve tried everything.”
“I have an idea, but it might be a little crazy, “smiled Mom.” Without anybody left in the house but us, this place could use a bit of fun. Let''s get a little dog for Poppy."
It didn''t take long before they walked through the front door carrying a big box. Poppy welcomed them home as usual, but when she saw the box, she stopped. She put her nose on it. Her tail began wagging(摆动)ever so slowly, then faster as she caught the smell.
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Para 1. Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared.
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Para 2. A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from university.
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【答案】Para 1.
Dad put the box on the ground and opened the top. A shiny little wet nose popped up. Then two fluffy paws. Next the box tipped over sideways, and out tumbled a mass of wiggly golden silliness.?Poppy was amazed. She wagged furiously. She barked with joy. She smiled, her tongue lolling out as she investigated the surprise. The little pup was not shy and immediately starting yipping and jumping around the older dog.?“That didn’t take long,” remarked Mom, as both dogs went roaring around the house in an impromptu game of chase. Dad laughed.?
Para 2. A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from university. He had missed Poppy and was looking forward to seeing her. When he bent down to give her a big hug, he fell over in surprise as a small golden cloud came racing up to lick his face too.?“Oh my gosh, who is this?” he exclaimed. His parents laughed at the look of shock on his face.?“That’s Pee-wee,” said Dad.?“I can’t believe you got yourselves a puppy!”?“We didn’t,” replied Mom. “This puppy is for Poppy!”
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章讲述了男孩要去上大学，和自己的狗Poppy道别。而没有了男孩在家里，Poppy也非常想念男孩，于是男孩父母决定给Poppy买一条小狗作伴。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：爸爸打开盒子，一条可爱的小狗出现了。所以后文应该是描写买来的小狗的样子以及这两只狗的相处情况；第二段开头是：几个星期后，男孩从大学回到家里。本段应该写男孩回到家以后看到两条狗的反应，以及父母告诉男孩这条狗是买给Poppy的。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：a mass of，with joy，look forward to等高级词汇；非谓语动词的运用The little pup was not shy and immediately starting yipping and jumping around the older dog.；时间状语从句When he bent down to give her a big hug, he fell over in surprise as a small golden cloud came racing up to lick his face too.等高级句式。
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