常州市二〇二二年初中学业水平考试英 语 试 题注意事项：1.本试卷共8页，全卷满分为90分。考试时间为100分钟。考生须将答案书写在答題卡上
，写在试卷上的一律无效。2.答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考试证号填写在试卷上，并填写答题卡上的考生信息。考试结束后，请将本试卷
和答题卡一并交回。一、单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1. —H
ow ________ this question is! I’ve spent two hours on it.—Let me
help you!A. practicalB. generalC. difficultD. natural【答案】C【解析】【详解
】句意：——这个问题真难！我在它上花了两个小时。——让我来帮助你！考查形容词辨析。practical实际的；general一般的；
difficult困难的；natural自然的。根据“I’ve spent two hours on it”可知，在这个问题上花费
了2个小时，说明它很难，故选C。2. —________ does your school organize an English
Reading Festival?—Once a term.A. How oftenB. How oldC. How longD
. How soon【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——你们学校多久组织一次英语阅读节？——一学期一次。考查特殊疑问句。 How
often多久一次；How old多大；How long多长；How soon多久。根据答语“Once a term.”可知，此处
对频率进行提问，故选A。3. Learning is a life-long journey, for it brings us
________ new every day.A. everythingB. nothingC. anythingD. somet
hing【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：学习是一生的旅程，因为它每天都给我们带来新的东西。 考查不定代词辨析。everything
每件事，指所有事物；nothing没有什么，表完全否定；anything任何东西，用于否定句和疑问句代替something；som
ething某物，表不确定，用于肯定句和希望得到肯定回答的疑问句。本句是肯定句，结合“Learning is a life-lon
g journey, for it brings us...new every day.”可知，something new“一些新
东西”符合语境，故选D。4. To achieve our dream, we ________ rest on what we
have done.A may notB. should notC. need notD. could not【答案】B【解析】【
详解】句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们不应该依靠我们已经做了的。考查动词辨析。may not也许不；should not不应该；ne
ed not不需要；could not不能。根据“To achieve our dream, we...rest on what
we have done.”可知，此处表示建议，不应该依靠我们已经做了的，故选B。5. —Why didn’t you open
the door for me, Jim?—I ________ clothes in the bathroom. I didn’
t hear the knock.A. am washingB. have washedC. was washingD. wash
ed【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——你为什么不给我开门，吉姆？——我在浴室洗衣服。我没有听到敲门声。考查时态。根据“Why d
idn’t you open the door for me, Jim?”和“I...clothes in the bathroo
m.”可知，强调在过去的时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故选C。 6. The summer vacation is comi
ng. Don’t swim in the lake, ________ when you are alone.A. probab
lyB. possiblyC. especiallyD. exactly【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：暑假快来了。不要在湖里游泳
，尤其是一个人的时候。考查副词辨析。probably可能；possibly可能；especially尤其；exactly确切地。根
据“Don’t swim in the lake, ...when you are alone.”可知，不要在湖里游泳，尤其是独自
去。故选C。7. Although the match is moving in an unexpected ________,
our team will win finally, I believe.A. instructionB. introductio
nC. positionD. direction【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：虽然比赛走向了一个意想不到的方向，但我相信我们队最
终会赢。 考查名词辨析。instruction指导；introduction介绍；position位置；direction方向。根
据“Although the match is moving in an unexpected..., our team will
win finally, I believe.”可知，此处指的是比赛的走向，direction“方向”符合题意，故选D。8. I
f you want to keep healthy, going to bed early and getting up ear
ly is highly ________.A. recommendedB. challengedC. translatedD.
influenced【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：如果你想保持健康，强烈建议早睡早起。考查动词辨析。recommended推荐，
建议；challenged挑战；translated翻译；influenced影响。根据“If you want to keep
healthy, going to bed early and getting up early is highly...”可知，
“早睡早起”是保持健康的建议，故选A。9. —Mum, do you know ________? An engineer.—Th
at’s interesting. I guess you often fix things for others in your
school.A. what do my classmates call meB. what my classmates cal
l meC. why do my classmates call meD. why my classmates call me【答
案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——妈妈，你知道我的同学叫我什么吗？一名工程师。——这很有趣。我猜你经常在学校帮别人修东西。考查宾语从
句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“An engineer.”可知，是“叫我什么”，用what。故选B。10. —I
t’s necessary for us to spend more time with our grandparents.—__
______. They won’t see us often after we go to college.A. I hope
notB. I think soC. I’m sorryD. I’m not sure【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——我们有必
要花更多的时间和祖父母在一起。——我也这么想。我们上大学后，他们就不会经常见到我们了。考查情景交际。I hope not我希望不是
；I think so我也这么想；I’m sorry我很抱歉；I’m not sure我不确定。根据“It’s necessary
for us to spend more time with our grandparents.”和“They won’t se
e us often after we go to college.”可知，后者赞同前者的看法，故选B。二、完形填空(共12小题;
每小题1分，满分12分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。The three men wer
e moving down a fast and rocky river. Thornton was in the boat, w
hile Hans and Pete had to move along the river bank, holding the
boat with a rope. Buck, the dog, followed them, keeping a(n) ____
11____ eye on Thornton.They came to a more ____12____ part of the
river, and the boat started to go too quickly. Hans pulled on th
e rope to stop it, but pulled it too hard. The boat ____13____, a
nd Thornton was thrown into the water.Buck jumped in at once and
swam three hundred meters until he ____14____ Thornton. Then Buck
returned, with Thornton holding his tail. Buck swam towards the
river bank. But they moved ____15____. Thornton knew they would n
ot get to the bank quickly enough, so he let go of Buck, held on
to a rock in the middle of the water, and ____16____, “Go, Buck,
go!”Buck swam as hard as he could to the bank, and Pete and Hans
pulled him out.It was hard for Thornton to hold on to his rock in
that ____17____ water, and his friends knew they had only a few
minutes to save him. They ____18____ their rope round Buck, who a
t once jumped into the river and tried to swim to Thornton. The f
irst time, the water took him ____19____ the rock, and Pete and H
ans had to pull him back. The second time, he swam higher up the
river. ____20____, the water brought him down to Thornton. Thornt
on held on to Buck, and Hans and Pete pulled the rope as hard as
they could. Man and dog disappeared under the water, ____21____ r
ocks, turning over and over, sometimes with Buck on top, sometime
s Thornton. When Hans and Pete finally pulled them out, both seem
ed more dead than alive. But after a while their eyes opened and
____22____ returned. They all smiled.11. A. worriedB. satisfiedC.
surprisedD. excited12. A. importantB. famousC. dangerousD. inter
esting13. A. turned upB. turned overC. turned downD. turned off14
. A. lostB. sawC. savedD. reached15. A. carelesslyB. slowlyC. wis
elyD. simply16. A. shoutedB. complainedC. repliedD. joked17. A. s
ecretB. clearC. dirtyD. wild18. A. tiedB. limitedC. relaxedD. mix
ed19. A. underB. pastC. insideD. through20. A. OtherwiseB. Moreov
erC. HoweverD. Instead21. A. liftingB. controllingC. hittingD. br
eaking22. A. fearB. loveC. trustD. life【答案】11. A 12. C 13.
B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. B
21. C 22. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《野性的呼唤》，讲述巴克救了桑顿一命的故事。【11题详解
】句意：巴克，那条狗，跟在他们后面，焦虑地盯着桑顿。worried担心的；satisfied满意的；surprised惊讶的；ex
cited激动的。根据“The three men were moving down a fast and rocky river
.”可知，三个人正沿着一条湍急多石的河流往下流。所以巴克很担心，故选A。【12题详解】句意：他们来到了河中一个更危险的地方，船开得
太快了。important重要的；famous著名的；dangerous危险的；interesting有趣的。根据“and the
boat started to go too quickly”并结合前文可知，位置更加危险，故选C。【13题详解】句意：船翻了，
桑顿被扔进了水里。 turned up出现；turned over翻转；turned down拒绝；turned off关闭。根据
“The boat..., and Thornton was thrown into the water.”可知，船翻了，桑顿掉进
了水中，故选B。【14题详解】句意：巴克立刻跳入水中，游了三百米才游到桑顿身边。lost丢失；saw看见；saved救，节约；re
ached到达。根据“Buck jumped in at once and swam three hundred meters u
ntil he...Thornton.”可知，巴克游了三百米，才到达桑顿身边，故选D。【15题详解】句意：但他们行动缓慢。care
lessly粗心地；slowly缓慢地；wisely明智地；simply简单地。根据“Thornton knew they wou
ld not get to the bank quickly enough”可知，桑顿知道他们不会很快到达岸边，所以是缓慢，故选B
。【16题详解】句意：走，巴克，走！shouted大叫；complained抱怨；replied回复；joked开玩笑。根据“Go
, Buck, go!”可知，是大叫，故选A。【17题详解】句意：桑顿很难在汹涌的水中抓住他的岩石，他的朋友们知道他们只有几分钟的
时间来救他。secret秘密的；clear清晰的；dirty脏的；wild汹涌的。根据“It was hard for Thorn
ton to hold on to his rock in that...water, and his friends knew
they had only a few minutes to save him.”和前文描述可知，河流很湍急，故选D。【18题详解
】句意：他们把绳子系在巴克身上，他立刻跳进河里，试图游向桑顿。tied系；limited限制；relaxed放松；mixed混合。
根据“They...their rope round Buck”可知，把绳子系到巴克身上，故选A。【19题详解】句意：第一次，水把
他冲过了岩石，皮特和汉斯不得不把他拉回来。under在……下；past经过；inside在……里面；through通过。根据“th
e water took him...the rock, and Pete and Hans had to pull him ba
ck.”可知，水把他冲过了岩石，故选B。【20题详解】句意：此外，河水把他带到桑顿那里。Otherwise否则；Moreover此
外；However然而；Instead而不是。根据“The second time, he swam higher up the
river. ..., the water brought him down to Thornton.”可知，此处描述巴克游得比水
高，河水把他带到桑顿那里，前后动作连贯，故选B。【21题详解】句意：人和狗消失在水中，撞在岩石上，翻来覆去，有时巴克在上面，有时桑
顿在上面。lifting举起；controlling控制；hitting撞；breaking打破。根据“Man and dog d
isappeared under the water, ...rocks, turning over and over, some
times with Buck on top, sometimes Thornton.”可知，水流湍急，所以撞来撞去，故选C。【2
2题详解】句意：但过了一会儿，他们睁开了眼睛，身上恢复了生命力。fear害怕；love爱；trust信任；life生活。根据“Bu
t after a while their eyes opened and...returned. They all smiled
.”可知，拉出来时，两人都显得死气沉沉，但是一会身上恢复了生命力，故选D。三、阅读理解（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）阅读下
列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AThe Beijing 2022 Olympics was t
he most gender-balanced (性别平衡的) Winter Olympic Games in history,
with more than 1,300 female athletes — a record number — competin
g at the events, making up more than 45 percent of all athletes.
Here are some female athletes whose achievements in Beijing amaze
d the world.Team China’s teenage hero Gu Ailing, 18, is the young
est athlete to win three medals at a Winter Olympics. The freeski
player won two gold medals and a silver in three events. Russia’
s skating silver medalist Alexandra Trusova, 17, amazed the world
with five quadruple jumps (四周跳) during free skate at the Beijing
Winter Olympics. No other woman has ever finished five quadruple
jumps in an Olympic competition. British women’s curling (冰壶) te
am won the country’s only gold medal by having a 10-3 win against
Japan on the last day of the Beijing Winter Olympics. This was a
lso the country’s first curling gold after 2002.Almida de Val, a
24-year-old Swedish IT engineer, together with her teammate, took
the third place in curling mixed doubles. She took a leave from
her company to take part in the Olympics.23. How many athletes to
ok part in the Beijing 2022 Olympic Games?A. Around 1,300.B. Arou
nd 1,580.C. Around 2,880.D. Around 4,460.24. Who took a silver me
dal in the competition?A. Gu Ailing.B. British women’s curling te
am.C. Almida de Val.D. Almida de Val’s teammate.25. What do we kn
ow about Alexandra Trusova?A. She is the youngest athlete in the
2022 Olympic Games.B. She took the first place in the Beijing Win
ter Olympics.C. She worked as an IT engineer before becoming a sk
ating player.D. She is the first female to complete five quadrupl
e jumps in an Olympic competition.【答案】23. C 24. A 25. D【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了几位北京冬奥会上的女性运动员。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据“The Beijing 2022 O
lympics was the most gender-balanced(性别平衡的) Winter Olympic Games
in history, with more than 1,300 female athletes—a record number—
competing at the events, making up more than 45 percent of all at
hletes.”可知，北京2022年冬奥会共有1300多名女性运动员参赛，这一数字创下纪录，占所有运动员的45%以上。所以大约有2
800名运动员参赛，故选C。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“The freeski player won two gold med
als and a silver in three events.”可知，谷爱凌在三个项目中获得两枚金牌和一枚银牌。故选A。 【2
5题详解】细节理解题。根据“Russia’s skating silver medalist Alexandra Trusova,
17, amazed the world with five quadruple jumps(四周跳) during free
skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知，17岁的俄罗斯花样滑冰银牌得主亚历山德拉·特鲁索
娃在北京冬奥会自由泳比赛中以五次四跳惊艳世界。故选D。 BThis is a typical(典型) day for Yang J
inlong. At 9 a. m. , he drives to primary schools and middle scho
ols in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, to teach students about Shaanxi k
uaiban. It is a traditional Chinese form of storytelling to the r
hythm(节奏) of bamboo clappers(响板), which the art form is named aft
er. Sometimes, he helps students prepare for competitions. Usuall
y, his classes run until about 6. p.m. , and then he returns home
to prepare classes for the next day.On June 10, the Ministry of
Culture and Tourism announced 325 national intangible cultural he
ritage(非物质文化遗产) items in Beijing, increasing the list to 1, 557 i
tems. Shaanxi kuaiban, which appeared during the late Qing Dynast
y, has been included. The art form has been introduced to local s
chools as part of their art education.Yang has been teaching youn
g people the art form since 2003 after graduating from the Nation
al Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts in Beijing. He studied quyi th
ere. Quyi is general term for Chinese folk art forms, including s
torytelling, crosstalk and clapper talk.“Art education is importa
nt for students in China. Just as many students learn to play Wes
tern musical instruments like the piano and violin, there are man
y people learning traditional Chinese folk arts, including Shaanx
i kuaiban, which I’ll work for my whole life,” he said.Kuaiban is
popular in northern China, including Beijing and Tianjin. Accord
ing to Yang, Shaanxi kuaiban was influenced by the art of differe
nt areas. The art form can be played by a group of players or onl
y one. With one or two pairs of kuaiban of different sizes in han
d, the players speak in the local dialect(方言) while telling stori
es, which are usually about heroes. The player tells stories whil
e playing kuaiban, and it’s easy for the watchers to remember the
stories since all the lines rhym.Thanks to artists like Yang, th
is traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stay
s alive in our country.26. Why is today a typical day for Yang Ji
nlong?A. He is teaching students about kuaiban as usual.B. His wo
rk starts at 9 and lasts 6 hours like every day.C. He is preparin
g for a kuaiban competition today.D. His life today is as busy an
d boring as every day.27. Which of the following about Shaanxi ku
aiban is TRUE?A. It is named after the Shaanxi dialect.B. It is l
isted in the national intangible cultural heritage.C. It is more
popular than the piano and violin in northern China.D. It is play
ed to tell stories usually about common people.28. Which of the f
ollowing best describes Yang Jinlong?A. Devoted.B. Stressed.C. Ge
nerous.D. Curious.29. Why does the writer report Yang Jinlong’s s
tory?A. To show how to play Shaanxi kuaiban in the local dialect.
B. To tell the difference between Chinese and Western arts.C. To
prove that kuaiban players are living a busy life.D. To praise th
e work of spreading traditional Chinese art.【答案】26. A 27. B
28. A 29. D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了杨金龙和他教学生们陕西快板的故事。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“At
9 a. m. , he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xi’
an, Shaanxi Province, to teach students about Shaanxi kuaiban”可知，
因为他和往常一样去教学生快板，故选A。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“On June 10, the Ministry of Cu
lture and Tourism announced 325 national intangible cultural heri
tage(非物质文化遗产) items in Beijing, increasing the list to 1, 557 ite
ms. Shaanxi kuaiban, which appeared during the late Qing Dynasty,
has been included”可知，陕西快板被列为国家级非物质文化遗产，故选B。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据“inclu
ding Shaanxi kuaiban, which I’ll work for my whole life”及“Thanks
to artists like Yang, this traditional Chinese form of storytelli
ng is passed on and stays alive in our country”可知，杨金龙将为快板奉献一生，他也将
中国文化传递下去，由此可推断他是有奉献精神的，故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据“Thanks to artists like
Yang, this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on
and stays alive in our country”可知，作者想通过杨金龙通过教授学生快板来传递中国文化的故事，来赞扬
传播中国传统艺术的作品，故选D。CResearchers are using an underwater drone (无人机)
to get information on carbon dioxide (CO?) levels in the ocean. I
t is believed to be the first time that such a device (装置) has be
en used purposely to test CO? levels.The device, which the team a
lso calls a glider, is designed to go down to 1,000 meters in dee
p ocean areas and can operate for weeks at a time.The purpose of
the research is to provide scientists with data (数据) about how cl
imate change is influencing the ocean’s chemistry. The self-swimm
ing drone was placed in the Gulf of Alaska this spring. Reporters
from The Associated Press recently joined researchers on a boat
in Alaska’s Resurrection Bay to see the drone in action.The team
says the project could be a major step forward in measuring(测量) t
he environmental health of oceans. The scientists are most intere
sted in levels of ocean acidification(酸性). This happens when CO?
emissions(排放) in the air make their way into the ocean. Ocean aci
dification can harm or kill some kinds of sea life.Scientists hav
e connected CO? emissions with global(全球) warming caused by human
activities.In a way, oceans have given humans a helping hand by
taking in(吸收) some of the CO?. If there were no oceans’ uptake, t
here would be much more CO? in the air. This would trap more of t
he sun’s heat and further warm the Earth.“But the problem now is
that the ocean is changing its chemistry because of this uptake,”
said team member Claudine Hauri.One of the best ways to measure
ocean acidification is to collect CO? measurements. Until now, th
ese collections were mostly done from ships or with devices float
ing at the ocean surface or on the ocean floor.30. What is probab
ly this passage?A. An advertisement.B. Part of a news report.C. P
art of a science fiction.D. A text from a chemistry textbook.31.
What do we know about a glider?A. It must be used together with f
loating devices.B. It is used to measure ocean acidification.C. I
t is used to stop CO? from entering the ocean.D. It is used to me
asure CO? levels in the air.32. What does the underlined word “up
take” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?A. The act of covering an
area.B. The act of slowing something down.C. The act of taking s
omething in.D. The act of killing or harming something.33 What is
troubling the scientists?A. The underwater drone can’t swim by i
tself.B. The drone can only last one week at a time.C. Oceans are
stopping taking in CO? from the air.D. Too much CO? is making it
s way into oceans.【答案】30. B 31. B 32. C 33. D【解析】【导语】本文是
一篇新闻报道，向我们介绍研究人员正在使用水下无人机获取海洋中二氧化碳水平的信息。【30题详解】推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍研究人
员正在使用水下无人机获取海洋中二氧化碳水平的信息，所以推测可能在新闻报道上看到这篇文章，故选B。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“R
esearchers are using an underwater drone (无人机) to get information
on carbon dioxide (CO?) levels in the ocean. It is believed to b
e the first time that such a device (装置) has been used purposely
to test CO? levels.”和“The device, which the team also calls a gli
der”可知，滑翔机设备专门用于测定海洋二氧化碳水平，故选B。【32题详解】词句猜测题。分析“In a way, oceans h
ave given humans a helping hand by taking in(吸收) some of the CO?.
If there were no oceans’ uptake, there would be much more CO? in
the air.”可知，海洋在某种程度上帮助了人类，吸收了一些二氧化碳，如果没有海洋的吸收，空气中的二氧化碳就会更多。所以此处u
ptake的意思是“吸收”，故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“This happens when CO? emissions
(排放) in the air make their way into the ocean. Ocean acidificatio
n can harm or kill some kinds of sea life.”可知，空气中的二氧化碳大量排放进入海洋，海洋
酸化会伤害或杀死一些海洋生物。故选D。DBeing sad or in a low mood is a normal (正常的)
part of life. Many people feel down from time to time. For exampl
e, when people face challenging events in their lives, such as fi
nancial(经济的) difficulty or major changes, it’s common to feel dow
n. But in most cases the bad feelings slowly disappear.As for dep
ression(抑郁症), however, the bad mood lasts for weeks, months, or e
ver longer because it is a mental(精神的) illness. As the World Heal
th Organization(WHO) noted, depression is a mood disorder. It sho
ws in different ways, including loss of interest in normal activi
ties and feelings of low self-worth. It often lasts for a long ti
me and greatly harms a person’s ability at work or school or in t
he daily life. People with depression usually don’t like to talk
about their problems with others. More seriously, depression may
even lead to the act of killing oneself.“Depression is not just a
bout(一阵) of sadness or a sign of weakness and you can’t just sim
ply stop feeling depressed.” said the health news website www.may
oclinie.com.But depression is not a person’s problem. It’s also m
ore common than most people think. It is hurting about 280 millio
n people around the world, according to WHO.Though depression is
worrying, we don’t have to be afraid of it. Depression can be tre
ated by getting professional(专业的) help, taking medicine or a mixe
d treatment of both. In fact, when you begin to feel the danger o
f depression, you can try to deal with it early by yourself. List
ening to music, doing some sports and drawing some pictures might
help you feel better. Another useful way is talk therapy. When w
e are attacked by a low mood, having a conversation with others i
s of great help. Being honest about how we feel does not make us
weak, it makes us human.34. Who is most probably experiencing dep
ression?A. Lily, who is going to have an important exam and hasn’
t slept well for 3 days.B. May, who dislikes her new school and h
as complained to her parents 3 times.C. Ben, who thinks life wort
hless and has cried alone over 3 times a week in the past month.D
. Tom, who finds subjects hard and has talked to his teacher abou
t it 3 times this week.35. What does the writer think of depressi
on?A. Normal and nothing serious.B. Uncommon although harmful.C.
Unavoidable and untreatable.D. Treatable although worrying.36. Wh
at’s the passage mainly about?A. Knowledge of depression.B. Ways
of treating depression.C. Reasons for depression.D. Results of de
pression.【答案】34. C 35. D 36. A【解析】【导语】本文介绍了抑郁症正在伤害全世界约2.8亿人
，以及一些有关抑郁症的治疗措施等。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“As the World Health Organization
(WHO) noted, depression is a mood disorder. It shows in different
ways, including loss of interest in normal activities and feelin
gs of low self-worth. It often lasts for a long time and greatly
harms a person’s ability at work or school or in the daily life..
.”可知，抑郁症是一种情绪障碍。它以不同的方式表现出来，包括对正常活动失去兴趣和自我价值感低下，抑郁症患者通常不喜欢与他人谈论他们
的问题，故选C。【35题详解】观点态度题。根据“Though depression is worrying, we don’t h
ave to be afraid of it. Depression can be treated by getting prof
essional(专业的) help, taking medicine or a mixed treatment of both.
”可知，虽然抑郁症令人担忧，但我们不必害怕它。抑郁症可以通过专业的帮助来治疗，服用药物或两者混合治疗，即虽然令人担忧但可以治疗，故
选D。【36题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了什么是抑郁症、抑郁症的表现及抑郁症的治疗方法等，A最合适，B、C、D比
较片面。故选A。四、还原句子(共4小题;每小题1.5分，满分6分)阅读下面短文从短文后所给的六个选项中选出四个可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。Life is full of choices and decisions. Here are some steps to
help you make wise decisions.First, it’s better to make a decisio
n quickly than avoid it for a month because you’re afraid of choo
sing. ____37____ Also, some choices usually have time limits. So
to keep our brains from getting too tired, we needn’t think about
the cost of every single choice. Narrow down the list and try co
mparing only the best two or three.Next, think about the value an
d cost of each choice. ____38____ Or better yet, create a scoreca
rd,on which you give out bigger point values to what you think is
more important. This way you can tell if one huge advantage is m
ore important than a group of little disadvantages.Then, stay cal
m and give yourself some space. You don’t want to delay(延迟) for w
eeks, but if you’re about to make a hasty(仓促的) decision, you may
end up picking something you regret. ____39____ And it might take
you a few days for major choices, like choosing your ideal high
school.____40____ Why? Because it’s good to get a fresh way of th
inking from others who are not as worried as you. Consider their
opinions(观点) even if they are not what you want to hear. You need
to take different opinions into consideration so that you will m
ake a wise decision.A. You’ll need at least one night to “sleep o
n it”.B. And you don’t have to make a decision alone.C. They are
the best chances to show your personality.D. These ways of lettin
g out what you are feeling are helpful.E. It’s very tiring to thi
nk things over but fail to decide in time.F. To do that, you can
make a list of advantages and disadvantages.【答案】37. A 38. F
39. E 40. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍帮助你做出明智的决定的一些步骤。【37题详解】根据“So
to keep our brains from getting too tired, we needn’t think abou
t the cost of every single choice.”可知，本段建议不让我们的大脑变得太累，选项A“你至少需要一个
晚上来“睡一觉”。”符合语境，故选A。【38题详解】根据“Next, think about the value and cost
of each choice.”可知，考虑每个选择的价值和成本，选项F“要做到这一点，你可以列出优点和缺点。”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】根据“Then, stay calm and give yourself some space. You don’t
want to delay(延迟) for weeks, but if you’re about to make a hasty
(仓促的) decision, you may end up picking something you regret.”可知，拖
延不好，但是仓促地做决定也不好，选项E“事情想了很久又不能及时做出决定，真是累人。”符合语境，故选E。【40题详解】根据“Beca
use it’s good to get a fresh way of thinking from others who are
not as worried as you.”可知，因为从没有你担心的人那里得到一种新的思维方式是件好事，所以此处建议可以听听他人
的意见，选项B“你不必独自做决定。”符合语境，故选B。五、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入
一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Museums play a big role in our society. They a
re also ____41____ important classroom for primary and secondary
school students. During holidays, groups of young museum guides _
___42____ (see) everywhere in Changzhou Museum. Since 2011, Chang
zhou Museum ____43____ (carry) out more than 100 public training
activities for volunteer guides.In July, 2021, I was chosen ____4
4____ (be) a volunteer guide in Changzhou Museum. ____45____ it w
as my first time to serve there, I didn’t know what to do. Luckil
y, the teachers there gave many interesting training classes, inc
luding “Public Places and Manners”, “Red History and Red Culture”
and so on. I was deeply touched by the stories of ____46____ (pi
oneer) like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei. I was impressed that they
had risked ____47____ (lose) their lives to create a new China.I
n the following month,I guided hundreds of tourists and did my jo
b ____48____ (success). This experience had a great influence ___
_49____ me. I know more about my hometown and the meaning of life
. I feel ____50____ (pride) of being a volunteer guide to help mo
re people learn about Changzhou.【答案】41. an 42. are seen 43. has c
arried 44 to be 45. Because##As 46. pioneers 47. losing 48. succe
ssfully 49. on 50. proud【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为常州博物馆导游的经历。【41题详解】
句意：它们也是中小学生的重要教室。此处泛指一个教室，“important”首字母发元音音素，故填an。【42题详解】句意：假日期间
，常州博物馆里随处可见一群群年轻的导游。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，故填are seen。【43题详解】句意：自20
11年以来，常州博物馆开展了100余次志愿者导游公共培训活动。根据“Since 2011”可知，时态应使用现在完成时，主语是第三人
称单数，故填has carried。【44题详解】句意：2021年7月，我被选为常州博物馆的志愿者导游。be chosen to
be“被选为……”，故填to be。【45题详解】句意：因为这是我第一次在那里服务，我不知道该怎么办。“it was my fir
st time to serve there”是“I didn’t know what to do”的原因，用because/as
引导原因状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填Because/As。【46题详解】句意：我被瞿秋白、张太雷等先驱者的故事深深打动了。根据
“like Qu Qiubai and Zhang Tailei”可知，此处应使用名词复数形式，故填pioneers。【47题详解
】句意：我对他们冒着失去生命的危险创建新中国印象深刻。risk doing“冒险做某事”，故填losing。【48题详解】句意：在
接下来的一个月里，我带领了数百名游客，并顺利完成了我的工作。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填successfully。【49题
详解】句意：这段经历对我影响很大。have a/an+adj+influence on“对……有……的影响”，故填on。【50题详
解】句意：我很自豪能成为一名志愿者导游，帮助更多的人了解常州。feel proud of“感到骄傲”，故填proud。六、根据所给
中文完成句子(共6小题;每小题15分，满分9分)51. 这些科学家们正在为我们打开一个全新的世界。The scientists _
__________________________________________ to us.【答案】are opening
up a whole new world【解析】【详解】open up“打开”，a whole new world“一个全新的世界
”，根据句意可知，时态是现在进行时，主语是复数，故填are opening up a whole new world。52. 汤姆
，你将在什么时候展示如何进行垃圾分类？_____________________________________ into dif
ferent groups, Tom?【答案】When are you going to show us how to separ
ate waste【解析】【详解】when什么时候，be going to do sth将要做某事，show展示，how to s
eparate waste如何进行垃圾分类。故填When are you going to show us how to sepa
rate waste。53. 女足运动员们对自己要求非常严格，所以她们取得了很大的进步。Women football player
s were _____________________________________.【答案】very strict with
themselves, so they have made great progress【解析】【详解】be very stri
ct with oneself“对某人自己要求非常严格”，so所以，they她们，make great progress取得了很大
的进步。根据句意可知，后半句时态是现在完成时，故填very strict with themselves, so they hav
e made great progress。54. 如果你放弃，你就会落后。You _______________________
______________.【答案】will fall behind, if you give up【解析】【详解】fall b
ehind落后，if如果，you你，give up放弃。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，满足“主将从现”原则，故填will fall
behind, if you give up。55. 西蒙，在公众场所要降低你的嗓音。Simon, ______________
_______________________ in public places.【答案】keep your voice down
【解析】【详解】keep your voice down“降低你的嗓音”，此处是祈使句，用动词原形，故填keep your voi
ce down。56. 我们的城市和他们的一样因优美的环境而闻名。Our city _______________________
______________.【答案】is as famous for its beautiful environment as
theirs【解析】【详解】as famous for...as“和……一样因……而闻名”，beautiful environme
nt“优美的环境”，theirs“他们的”，代替their city。本句时态是一般现在时，be动词用is，故填is as fam
ous for its beautiful environment as theirs。七、书面表达(共1题;满分15分)57.
某中学生英文报Your Voice栏目中有如下征文通知，请你写篇英语文章投稿，谈谈你的想法。It’s not very easy
for teenagers to make true friends. Some of them make friends by
following suit (随大流). That means they do the same as their friends, such as playing online games or saying bad words behind others, although they’re not willing to.Share your ideas about the topic.1. Is it wise to follow suit in order to make friends?2. How can teenagers make true friends?Don’t forget to support your ideas with your experience as an example.注意：1.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；2.词数100左右；文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。I want to share my ideas about the topic.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文I want to share my ideas about the topic.In my opinion, making friends by following suit is not wise. Because everyone is an individual, with his own interests and personality. So don’t follow the crowd and just do what other people like to do.We should make friends with those who can give us help and share our happiness and sadness. To make true friends, you must be friendly to others. Smile at others and you will get a smile in return. You can make friends with those who share the same interest with you or those who are totally different from you. Try to help your friends when they are in trouble because a friend in need is a friend indeed.【解析】【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“交友”为话题，结合提示内容进行写作。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。2.写作指导：写作时要以第一、第二人称来行文，时态用一般现在时。作文可分为三段，第一段引出话题；第二段介绍自己认为为了交朋友而跟风是否是明智的；第三段介绍青少年怎样才能交到真正的朋友。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。 |
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