2019-2021北京重点校初二（下）期中英语汇编：阅读理解

2019-2021北京重点校初二（下）期中英语汇编阅读理解一．阅读理解1．（2021 首师大附中八年级期中）根据《百科英语2》和《典范8》相
关内容，选出正确选项。（1）According to Chocolate，which of the following state
ment is NOT true？A.Chocolate is a product of cocao tree.B.Along t
ime ago，people considered chocolate as a medicine.C.Mexicans make
a cold chocolate sauce called mole and pour it over beef.D.It wa
s an English company that made the first solid block of sweetened
chocolate.（2）According to The Blue Revolution，what might fish fa
rus be like in the future？A.Fish farms might spread more diseases
to wild fish.B.Fish farms might be large cages that move across
the ocean.C.Fish farms will not cause environmental problems any
more.D.Fish farms will make many types of wild fish become extinc
t.（3）Mohandas Ganhdi，the famous Indian leader，fasted because_____
_.A.it was a spiritual practice in his religion.B.he felt that fa
sting made his body function better.C.he thought that fasting mad
e him more alert and energetic.D.he wanted to bring attention to
his country''s need for independence.（4）When the captain of the De
i Gratia went to inspect the Maric Celeste，he found______.A.there
were signs of violenceB.there was no food on the shipC.nothing i
n the ship was missingD.some of the ship''s instruments were damag
ed（5）Why did the Roanoke settlers disappear？A.No one knows the re
asons.B.They went back to England.C.They died from hunger and dis
ease.D.The hostile Native Americans killed them.Please choose the
correct answer according to Dangerous Trainers.（6）Which one is N
OT true about the new trainers in this story？A.The trainers were
big.puffy and purple and they belonged to the brother.B.The shoes
had got soles as thick as tractor tyres and they made terrible n
oise.C.The brother even wore them in the house and only took them
off before sleep.D.The mother and the boy were both really happy
to know that the brother lost his trainers.（7）Which one of the f
ollowing is TRUE about the story？A.My mum phoned the bus company
and nobody found the pair of trainers.B.The brother loved the tra
iners so much that he was very sad when he lost them.C.The traine
rs could walk on their own because they were in a different place
in the morning.D.The trainers were carnivorous and the writer sa
w them hunting for food in the garden with his own eyes.Please ch
oose the correct answer according to The Luckless Monster.（8）Whic
h is NOT the reason that Nessie called Flossie different names？A.
Flossie was a bit on the small side and scared of the dark.B.Ness
ie swam swift and sure but Flossie didn''t like water.C.They belon
ged to the same family and lived in the same loch.D.They had diff
erences and Nessie often bullied Flossie.（9）Why did Fran and Flos
sie become friends？A.Because Fran was bullied by a group of child
ren.B.Because Fran fell into the water to get her glasses.C.Becau
se they looked quite different and were both friendly and kind.D.
Because Flossie saved Fran out of water and they had the same exp
erience.2．（2021 北京四中八年级期中）I enjoy baseball and I like cheering fo
r the hometown team.So my son and I decided to attend an evening
of postseason baseball this week when the Arizona Diamondbacks ho
sted the Los Angeles Dodgers.If you follow baseball，you know the
Diamondbacks lost the game...and the series...and their season en
ded that night.In that regard，the night was a bummer（失望）.But in e
very other way，the evening was close to perfect.The crowd was che
erful.The weather was amazing.The food was delicious.And the conv
ersation was excellent.We make choices every day with our financi
al resources（财力资源）.But this particular night of baseball was a he
lpful reminder to me that experiences are almost always better th
an things.Experiences result in greater happiness.According to re
search，experiences result in longer﹣lasting happiness than materi
al possessions（拥有）.The happiness provided by new material possess
ions is short﹣lived.Over time，people''s satisfaction with the thin
gs they buy decreases，whereas their satisfaction with experiences
over time increases.________One reason I enjoy baseball so much，
is undoubtedly，because of the many memories I have watching it wi
th my father.Growing up in South Dakota，an annual trip with the f
amily to watch the Minnesota Twins play was a highlight of summer
.Decades later，I look back on those moments with great joy and fo
ndness.I remember them far better than almost any of the physical
gifts.Experiences result in less clutter（杂乱）.Most physical posse
ssions eventually become a burden on our lives.They take up physi
cal space in our homes and mental space in our minds.Experiences，
on the other hand，are accompanied with little to no physical bagg
age.The only thing I brought home with me from the game were a fe
w photos on my phone.Experiences provide greater opportunity to c
onnect with other people.This is the nature of experiencing thing
s with others.Because we enjoy time together around a common purp
ose and activity for an extended period of time，we are afforded n
umerous opportunities to talk and connect with one another.Experi
ences result in greater mindfulness.In 2010，Matthew Killingsworth
and Daniel Gilbert published an important study in Science magaz
ine.Their research concluded that "a wandering mind（不专注的心）is an u
nhappy mind."And the greater a person''s ability to "stay present"
in a given moment，the greater happiness they experience during a
nd after.Experiences result in less comparison with others.Accord
ing to research done by Ryan T.Howell and Graham Hill，another sig
nificant reason experiences result in more happiness than materia
l possessions is because experiences result in less comparison wi
th others.（1）What can we learn from the first three paragraphs？A.
Everything else was enjoyable that night.B.Diamondbacks lost the
game in Los Angeles.C.The baseball season was a bummer that night
.D.The result of the game cheered the writer and his son up.（2）Wh
ich could be the first sentence in paragraph 5？A.Experiences resu
lt in happy families.B.Experiences provide better memories.C.Expe
riences create good relationships.D.Experiences end up with physi
cal gifts.（3）According to the passage，which of the following stat
ements is TRUE？A.Experiences help us achieve more possessions.B.J
oyful moments take up space in our homes and minds.C.People exper
ience more happiness from gifts over time.D.Shared memories bring
people closer in a continuing time.（4）The writer suggests that w
e should_______through experiences.A.stay focusedB.live a full li
feC.enjoy the imperfectionsD.be satisfied with ourselves3．（2021 北
京171中学八年级期中）Wildwood School Library GuideThis will offer you some
information about our school library.You can use this guide to h
elp your kids use our library.Service hours：3：00 p.m.﹣5：30 p.m.on
school days8：30 a.m.﹣11：00 a.m.on weekendsOn school days，your ki
ds may borrow or return books during opening hours only when thei
r classroom teachers allow them to.At the weekend，our library is
open to both you and your kids.Borrowing：Each student can borrow
one or two books at a time.More books can be borrowed only for cl
ass reading activities and school research.Returning：Kids can kee
p the books borrowed from the library for only 15 days.They must
return the books on time，or the kid can''t borrow other books.Dama
ged（受损的） or lost books：When a book is returned in damaged conditi
on，the kid will have to pay three dollars for the damage.They mus
t pay the full price if a book is lost.We encourage students to c
arry their library books in plastic bags to protect them from rai
ny weather.Please call us at 3362﹣1323 for more information.（1）On
weekends，the library is open from_______.A.8：30 a.m.to11：00 a.m.
B.3：30 a.m .to 5：00 a.m.C.8：00 p.m.to11：30 p.m.D.3：30 p.m to 5：00
p.m.（2）You can keep the library books for_______.A.a weekB.two w
eeksC.10 school daysD.15 school days（3）The students are advised t
o carry their library books in plastic bags in_______weather.A.wi
ndyB.rainyC.sunnyD.cloudy4．（2021 北京171中学八年级期中）Most people want to
be happy，but few know how to find happiness.Money and success al
one do not bring a forever happiness.Aristotle，a Greek thinker，sa
id，"Happiness depends on ourselves."In other words，we make our ow
n happiness.Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier.The
first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life.
Too often，we spend so much time thinking about the future-for exa
mple，getting into college or getting a good job-that we fail to e
njoy the present.You should enjoy life''s simple pleasures，such as
the good book you are reading，the favorite music you are listeni
ng to，or the close friends you are spending time with.People who
have several close friends often live happier and healthier lives
.Another secret to living a happy life is to be active，and have h
obbies where you forget your problems and time.Many people experi
ence this when they are dancing，or playing a sport，such as swimmi
ng.You can forget about your problems，and only think about the ac
tivity.Finally，many people find happiness in helping others.Studi
es show that people feel good when they spend their time helping
others.If you want to feel happier，do good things for someone.You
can help a friend with his or her studies，go shopping to buy foo
d for an elderly person，or simply help out around the house by wa
shing the dishes.（1）The underlined word "present" in the second p
aragraph means_______.A.将来B.礼物C.现在D.瞄准（2）What can we learn from t
he passage？A.Hobbies take up too much time.B.It''s wrong to spend
time on work.C.Everyone knows how to live a happier life.D.Doing
good things for someone can make you happier.（3）According to the
passage，which of the following is NOT TRUE？A.Happiness is always
around us in some small things.B.People are able to find and make
their own happiness.C.Money and success will never bring people
happiness.D.An active person who enjoys simple life must be very
happy.（4）The passage mainly tells us______.A.how to enjoy lifeB.t
he secrets of happinessC.what Aristotle said about happinessD.the
ideas for helping other people to be happy5．（2021 北京首师大附中八年级期中）B
efore I started school，people felt that I was not going to be suc
cessful.At the age of four，I started speech lessons because 1 cou
ld not speak well enough for anyone to understand me.The first gr
ade was a struggle.I had difficulty speaking.I also couldn''t lear
n to read.The second grade was not much better.I still struggled
with the inability to read.In the third grade，a new school was bu
ilt.It was near my home.I went there with my parents and helped t
o get the school ready so that we could move to the new one.Howev
er，things didn''t get better for the next two years.It was in the
fifth grade.Mrs.Wakefield was my teacher，and she was a good teach
er.She did not make me feel unconfident.Instead.she did her best
to let me know that I could be whatever I wanted to be.And that i
s just what I did.For the past 22 years，I have been a fifth grade
teacher.Because of Mrs.Wakefield''s influence on my life.I am now
encouraging students who have had difficulties in their lives to
believe that they can deal with any difficulty successfully and
become someone.I have won many awards up to now.such as"Teacher o
f the Year".I think I should thank my fifth grade teacher.She bel
ieved in me and helped me to be all that I could be.（1）The writer
started speech lessons at the age of four because______.A.he cou
ld not read wellB.he could not speak wellC.he wanted to be a good
teacherD.he wanted to be the top student.（2）Which of the followi
ng is TRUE according to the passage？A.The writer has won many awa
rds such as "Teacher of the Year"B.Mrs.Wakefield has been a fifth
grade teacher for the past 22 years.C.Before the writer started
school，people fell that she was going to be successful.D.When the
writer moved to the new school in her third grade，things got bet
ter for her.（3）What can we know from the passage？A.The writer is
good at teaching speech lessons.B.The writer works in the same sc
hool with Mrs.Wakefield.C.A good teacher is good at helping stude
nts make good speeches.D.A good teacher should trust and help stu
dents be all that they could be.6．（2021 北京四中八年级期中）My mother was h
aving a baby，and we were very glad.We did not know when the baby
would come，but we knew it was soon.My mother had a suitcase she h
ad packed（收拾）.She kept it next to the door.She had put some thing
s she would need when she went to the hospital in it.Then one nig
ht my mother woke us up and said， "It is time!"We were very.excit
ed.She said that my aunt would take care of us while she was at t
he hospital.I wanted to go，too，but she said I would come later. "
Go back to sleep，" she said. "I will see you soon with the new ba
by."The next morning，my aunt said，"Now you have a new brother." I
was glad.I wanted to see him，but my aunt said， "You can''t come t
o the hospital.You are too young." Still，I wanted to see the baby
，and I missed my mother.My mother called me on the telephone.She
stayed in the hospital for a few days，and I had missed her even m
ore.When I talked with her on the phone I felt better.She said sh
e was feeling good and would be home soon.She said the nurses had
taken good care of her.The next day，I went to the hospital.We we
re taking my mother home，and my aunt drove us there.When we got t
here，my mother was in a wheelchair.I thought there was something
wrong."Are you sick？" I asked.The nurse said， "No，she is just bei
ng careful.When patients leave the hospital they leave in a wheel
chair.That keeps them safe."My mother thanked the nurse.She said
she and the baby would be back next week to see the doctor.She wo
uld bring us，too.She said this was a very special time for our fa
mily.We would all help take care of each other.We would take good
care of my brother.We would return to the hospital to check with
the doctor to make sure he was healthy.（1）The mother might feel_
_____before going to hospital.A.sadB.afraidC.excitedD.surprised（2
）From the passage we know that the writer had a（an）______.A.littl
e sisterB.little brotherC.elder sisterD.elder brother（3）Which of
the following statements is TRUE？A The mother was sick in bed.B.T
he aunt didn''t like the new baby.C.The new baby was in poor condi
tion.D.The writer loved his family very much.7．（2021 首师大附中八年级期中）I
n the 1960s，medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe de
veloped a list of stressful events.They liked the tricky point th
at any big change can be stressful.Negative events like "serious
illness of a family member" were high on the list，but so were som
e positive events，like marriage.When you take the Holmes test，you
must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with
stress﹣it only shows how much you have to deal with.And we now kn
ow that the way you deal with these events affects your chances o
f staying healthy.In the early 1970s，hundreds of similar studies
had followed Holmes and Rahe.And millions of Americans who work a
nd live under stress worried about the reports.Somehow.the resear
ch got boiled down to a memorable message.Women''s magazines.ran h
eadlines like "Stress causes illness!" "If you want to stay physi
cally and mentally healthy，avoid stressful events." the articles
said.But such simple advice is impossible to follow.Even if stres
sful events are dangerous，many﹣like the death of a loved one-are
impossible to avoid.Moreover，any warning to avoid all stressful e
vents means staying away from good chances as well as trouble.Sin
ce any change can be stressful.a person who wanted to be complete
ly free of stress would never marry，never have a child.never take
a new job or move.The idea that all stress makes you sick also i
gnores a lot of what we know about people.It accepts that we''re a
ll easily hurt and passive in the face of difficulties.But what a
bout human initiative（主动性） and creativity？Many who come through p
eriods of stress have more physical and mental energy than they h
ad before.We also know that a long time without change or challen
ge can lead to boredom，and physical and mental strain.（1）Holmes﹣R
ahe''s medical research tells us______.A.what should be done to av
oid stressB.what kind of events would cause stressC.how to deal w
ith sudden changes in lifeD.how to tell negative even is from pos
itive ones（2）Why is "such simple advice" （Line 1，Para.3）impossibl
e to fellow？A.No one can stay on the same job for long.B.No way p
eople can reduce stress.C.People have to get married someday.D.Yo
u could miss good chances as well.（3）The writer might agree that
people who have experienced ups and downs may______.A.become nerv
ous when faced with difficultiesB.get more physically and mentall
y strainedC.have more ability to deal with difficultiesD.care not
hing about what happens to them8．（2021 首师大附中八年级期中）Children''s live
s have changed greatly over the last 50 years.But do they have a
happier childhood than you or I did？It''s difficult to look back o
n one''s own childhood.I have four brothers and sisters，and many m
emories are all about being with them，playing board games on the
living room floor，spending days in the street with the other neig
hborhood children，racing up and down on our bikes，or exploring th
e nearby woods.My parents hardly appear in these these memories，e
xcept as providers of meals or blame after some risky adventure.T
hese days，in the UK at least，the nature of childhood has changed
quickly.Firstly，families are smaller，and there are far more only
children.It is common for both parents to work outside the home a
nd there just isn''t time to bring up a large family，or that no on
e could possibly afford to have more than one child.As a result，t
oday''s boys and girls spend much of their time alone.Another main
change is that youngsters today tend to spend a huge amount of t
heir free time at home，inside.This is due to the fact that parent
s worry tar more than they used to about real or imagined dangers
，so they wouldn''t dream of letting their children play outside by
themselves.Finally，the kind of toys children have and the way th
ey play is totally different.Computer and video games have taken
the place of the board games and more interesting activities of m
y childhood.The funny thing is that so many ways of playing games
are called "interactive"，because children can work together or c
ommunicate with others in games or the information can be passed
between the computer and the person who uses it.It seems like the
y have friends to play with.But the fact that you can play electr
onic games on your own at home increases the sense of loneliness
felt by many young people today.Do these changes mean that childr
en today have a less relaxing childhood than I had？I personally b
elieve that they do，but perhaps every generation feels exactly th
e same.（1）What is the purpose of the question given in the first
paragraph？A.To show who the passage is written for.B.To gather pe
ople''s opinions on childhood.C.To get people''s attention and lead
in the topic.D.To compare the childhood lives of two generations
.（2）What does the underlined word "interactive" mean in Paragraph
4？A.able to affect each otherB.able to help each otherC.able to
learn from each otherD.able to care for each other（3）What has the
writer focused on in the fourth paragraph？A.Young people today s
houldn''t play electronic games.B.Computer and video games have re
placed the board games.C.Some games that young people play today
aren''t really good.D.Board games are much more interesting than c
omputer games.（4）What can we learn from the passage？A.Families ar
e bigger today than before.B.Parents took more part in children''s
activities before.C.The ways children play today have completely
changed.D.Young children tend to spend only a little free time a
t home.9．（2021 首师大附中八年级期中）Here are two letters to George and his
replies.Dear George，I''m fourteen and I''m much shorter foe my age，
what '' s worse ，I''m very fat.I want to be 55 kg and to be taller
and then I can go to the school basketball tear and enjoy self.Ca
n you help me？BobDear George，I''m learning French but I don''t get
good marks.I don''t know why.Sometimes I want to give up，but I kno
w I shouldn''t because languages are going to be very important.Wh
at should I do？AliceDear Bob，Don''t worry if you''re shorter than y
our friends.Teenagers grow at different times.It''s doesn''t matter
how heavy you are.You are still the same person.Plan your meals
with your mum，and she can help you lose weight.Also，try taking mo
re exercise.GeorgeDear Alice，You''re right.You should never give u
p，and I''m sure that you''ve made more progress than you think.You
can talk to your teacher and ask her what you should do to get a
better grade.Talk to your friends who are good at French.Find som
ething that helps you.George（1）Alice is worrying about______.A.he
r weightB.her heightC.her marksD.her friend（2）Bob should_______ac
cording to George''s letter.A.talk to his teacherB.take more exerc
iseC.never give upD.learn some French.（3）George advises Alice to
talk to______for help.A.her motherB.her teacherC.Bob''s teacherD.B
ob''s friends10．（2021 北京171中学八年级期中）One day，Jack''s parents told him
that his grandpa would retire（退休）after working for forty years.J
ack said in surprise，"I''m only seven，so it means Grandpa has been
...err...A really long time!"His parents said，Yes.That''s why we
are going to have a surprise party for him."Jack loved his Grandp
a and wanted to do something special for him.He remembered the bu
siness card his grandpa had given him two years before.He knew th
at his grandpa would no longer have the position（职位）on that card，
so he decided to build a new one for his grandpa.When the big day
came，Jack was ready.But he didn''t want to put his gift together
with others''.He carried it around with him the whole evening.When
all the other people left，he took his grandpa''s hand and brought
him over to a chair and gave him the gift.His grandpa smiled，"We
ll，it must be a beautiful gift.May I open it now？""Sure!"Jack sai
d excitedly.As Grandpa opened the gift，tears came into his eyes.J
ack gave him the greatest gift he had ever got!They were business
cards with his new position：FULL﹣TIME GRANDPA!Jack said，"Now you
r full﹣time job is my grandpa!""Well，how much do I get paid？" his
grandpa asked，smiling."As many hugs（拥抱） as you want!" With these
words，Jack gave Grandpa a hug. "Well，I guess that means I''m the
richest man in the world!" said Grandpa.（1）What did Jack decide t
o do for his grandpa？A.To build a new position for him.B.To hold
his hands warmly.C.To give him a new business job.D.To give him a
warm hug.（2）Which of the following is TRUE？A.Grandpa would be fo
rty﹣one years old next year.B.Jack was the last one to give the g
ift to his grandpa.C.Others didn''t want to put his gifts together
with Jack''s.D.Jack''s parents give Grandpa some money for his job
.（3）Why were there tears in Grandpa''s eyes？A.Because he would los
e his position.B.Because others didn''t like him at all.C.Because
he was moved by Jack''s gift.D.Because Jack wasn''t with him that e
vening.（4）What is the best title of the passage？A.A Surprise Part
y.B.The Greatest Gift.C.Grandpa and grandson.D.The Life after Ret
irement（退休）.11．（2021 北京四中八年级期中）Scientists at MIT （Massachusetts I
nstitute of Technology） have managed to change spinach plants int
o natural sensors which can detect （探测） chemicals used in bombs.
Using a cheap and small computer system，the spinach can even help
send a warning email.The secret to giving spinach these special
powers is nanotechnology（纳米科技）.Nanotechnology，or nanotech，is a sc
ientific area that deals with making or changing things that are
super tiny.Nanotech is measured in nanometers ﹣ one billionth of
a meter.The MIT researchers are interested in using nanotech to g
ive plants new abilities.They say plants are already great at sen
sing their environment，since they take in water from the ground，a
nd react to chemicals in it.Plants also supply their own energy，w
hich the scientists can use to power their tiny experiments.For t
his experiment，the scientists placed two different kinds of nanot
ech materials，tiny sensors and carbon nanotubes，into spinach plan
ts.Nanotubes were used to make the plants give off a special ligh
t.To get the tiny materials into the plants，the scientists put a﹣
liquid containing，the.nano﹣materials （包含纳米材料的液体） on the bottom of
the plant''s leaves.That''s where the plants take in carbon dioxi
de gas.Then the plants took in the tiny materials.Once the tiny s
ensors and nanotubes were in the spinach leaves，the plant did the
rest of the work.The carbon nanotubes in the leaves，using some o
f the plant''s energy，give off a special kind of light.The scienti
sts are able to detect this light by shining a laser（激光）at the pl
ant''s leaves and measuring the light.As part of its natural proce
ss，the spinach plant pulls water through its roots and into its l
eaves.If the water contains certain chemicals that are used in bo
mbs，the sensors in the leaves make the nanotubes give off a diffe
rent kind of light.By watching the plant closely using a camera c
onnected to a cheap computer，the scientists set up a system that
can send a warning email if chemicals from bombs are detected in
the water.The researchers say it takes about 10 minutes for the p
lants to react to the chemicals.It is almost like having the plan
t talk to us about the environment they are in.The scientists say
that in the future，their system could even use a cell phone with
its camera changed slightly.Detecting chemicals used in bombs is
just one of the many uses the researchers are exploring.They''ve
used plants to detect and report on several other dangerous chemi
cals as well.The scientists believe that in the future，such syste
ms could give farmers detailed information about the health of th
e land water on their farms.（1）Scientists gave spinach plants new
skills through_______.A.powerB.chemicalsC.nanotechD.computer（2）W
hich of the following statements is TRUE about the process of exp
eriment？A.Nano﹣materials are put in the roots of the plants.B.Sen
sors contain special liquid for plants to take in.C.Nanotubes giv
e off tight with the help of carbon dioxide gas.D.Dangerous chemi
cals are detected by the sensors in the leaves.（3）From the passag
e，we can learn that________.A.the energy of the plants helps make
it happenB.plants are good at reacting to the environmentC.it ta
kes the plants seconds to notice chemicals from bombsD.scientists
are able to see the change in the leaves of the plant（4）What can
we infer from the passage？A.Spinach takes in chemicals to make b
ombs.B.P lants will serve farming better in the future.C.Scientis
ts can improve cell phones with spinach.D.Scientists will put nan
otech to other practical use.（5）Which could be the best title of
the passage？A.Plants'' New Abilities Help Improve Farming.B.Spinac
h Plants Has Magic Powers to Make Bombs.C.Nanotechnology Taught S
pinach to Send Emails.D.Scientists Create Spinach that Can Test f
or Bombs.12．（2021 北京四中八年级期中）Children and teenagers have been isol
ated（隔离的）for weeks and even months due to the COVID﹣19 pandemic，a
nd it will likely upset their mental（精神）health both in the short
and long term，according to a new review，but parents，guardians，sch
ool staff，and mental health professionals can all help.The system
atic review of 83 articles，published in the Journal of the Americ
an Academy of Child& Adolescent Psychiatry，found that loneliness
is related with depression and anxiety（抑郁和焦虑）in children，and thos
e who feel lonely for longer periods of time might be more affect
ed."There is evidence that loneliness can lead to later mental he
alth problems，up to 9 years later，" says Maria Loades，doctor of c
linical psychology. "Loneliness has impacts on self﹣confidence an
d well﹣being.""We know that during the pandemic，children and youn
g people have had limited opportunities to see their peers...，" L
oades says. "The evidence we had suggests that those who have exp
erienced long loneliness during lockdown may be more affected by
mental health problems like anxiety and depression."The review al
so listed " duration of quarantine（隔离期），infection fears，boredom，f
rustration，lack of necessary supplies，lack of information" as fac
tors that"appear to increase the risk of psychological problems."
School closures，which could lead to isolation，could also increas
e risk of anxiety and depression.Parents，guardians，and school sta
ff should take away two key points from the review，according to A
nthony Puliafico，PhD.First，that social connection is important fo
r children''s development，and children should regularly socialize
in safe ways during the pandemic.Second，"We need to balance measu
res to minimize COVID﹣19 spread with actions to support our child
ren''s socioemotional health，" Puliafico says. "It is not necessar
ily essential that all children and teenagers are going to school
in person，and in fact it may not be safe for children to attend
school at times during this coming year.However，for children not
physically attending school，it is important to build and maintain
other meaningful social opportunities."He suggests helping child
ren socialize via online group chats，video calls，or social media.
Still，parents should keep an eye on kids'' online activities to en
sure they''re using them in a positive way that will maintain soci
al connections.One of the first things parents or guardians can d
o if their child is feeling lonely is to talk to them.Puliafico r
ecommends checking in with them regularly about how they''re feeli
ng and asking them what could help them to feel less lonely.Kids
might also benefit from talking to a therapist （治疗师）."Approaches
like cognitive behaviour therapy（CBT）help young people to develop
ways to manage their thoughts and to try out different ways of d
oing things to help them to feel better and enable them to do the
things in life that they want to do，" Loades says，adding that th
ere''s also evidence that taking up a new hobby could help young p
eople feel less lonely.（1）The underlined word upset in the first
paragraph probably mean？A.relateB.manageC.affectD.experience（2）Ac
cording to the first five paragraphs，what comes along with childr
en''s loneliness？A.Self﹣confidence and wellbeing.B.Depression and
anxiety.C.Information and necessary supplies.D.Physical health pr
oblems.（3）What does the expert suggest parents or teachers do？A.B
alance kids'' schoolwork and social life.B.Monitor children''s feel
ings and emotions.C.Allow kids to use social media as they like.D
.Encourage children to have online courses.（4）What does the write
r want to tell us？A.Kids can''t see their classmates during lockdo
wn.B.Children need to take up a new hobby when they are lonely.C.
Kids will get over the loneliness when the COVID﹣19 is over.D.Chi
ldren''s social life is important even when they are isolated.13．（
2021 北京二中八年级期中）Suspended（待用的）CoffeeThis story will warm you bette
r than a coffee on a cold winter dayOne day，my friend and I enter
ed a little coffee house and ordered two cups of coffee.While we
were waiting，two young men came in and began to order， "Five cups
of coffee，please.Two of them for us and three suspended." They p
aid for their order，took the two and left.I asked my friend："What
are those suspended coffees？" Instead of giving me the answer，he
told me to wait and see.Some more people came.Two girls asked fo
r one coffee each，paid and went away.Then came three lawyers who
paid for seven coffees﹣﹣three for themselves and four suspended.W
hile I still wondered what the suspended coffees were，I enjoyed t
he sunny weather and the beautiful view in front of the coffee ho
use.Suddenly a poor man like a beggar came into the coffee house，
He kindly ordered a suspended coffee and sat there to drink it.At
that moment，I knew the meaning of the suspended coffees.It''s sim
ple ﹣ people pay the coffee in advance （预先） for someone who can''t
afford it.The tradition with the suspended coffees started in It
aly，but it has spread all over the world.Meanwhile，I understood s
uspended coffee is not only a cup of coffee，but also the warmth a
nd love to someone in need.（1）How many cups of coffee did the two
young men order？A.One.B.Four.C.Five.D.Seven.（2）Who ordered a sus
pended coffee？A.My friend.B.Two girls.C.Three lawyers.D.A poor ma
n.（3）The tradition with the suspended coffee started in______.A.A
mericaB.ItalyC.EnglandD.Canada（4）The writer wants to tell us to__
____.A.pay for othersB.enjoy the sunshineC.help someone in needD.
order more than before14．（2021 北京二中八年级期中）After eight months of li
ving with other astronauts on the international Space Station（ISS
），with four months to go before his space task is finished succes
sfully.Scott Kelly said he could use some more workmates from the
earth."There are people on the ground we expect to meet，I''d be n
ice to have them here，too." He told over 60 middle school student
s on November 19th，2015，when they communicated through a live vid
eo chat.The students，who were attending East Sid Middle School in
New York City，brought questions for Kelly and his fellow NASA as
tronaut Kjell Lindgren.The two space explorers floated on the vid
eo screen as they listened to the questions，and occasionally flip
ped（翻动）their bodies even to show the students the danger of livin
g in a zero﹣gravity environment."Floating in space is something y
ou never feel you could get used to." Lindgren said. "But after y
ou are up here for a month，it feels natural.It''s much fun to floa
t."The students were excited about the program and about asking t
he astronauts and the other speaker questions about how the astro
nauts clean the ISS，which freeze﹣dried foods taste best and the m
ost surprising things about living on the station.Evan McKiernan
asked what it''s like to drink water on the station given that hum
an urine （尿） is recycled on the ISS. "We don''t think about it too
much." Lindgren said， "In fact，the water tastes great﹣﹣﹣it taste
s like fresh water." He called the recycling progress "important
technology to have as we think about going on the Mars.We''re goin
g to need technology like that so that we needn''t bring everythin
g we need with us."The program included comments （评论） from Jeffre
y Kluger，an author at TIME magazine who is good at writing about
science and technology.Kluger explained how 17 countries worked t
ogether to build the ISS.Additionally，Matthew Pearce，an education
expert，brought samples（样本） of the packaged foods the astronauts
eat and the special type of sleeping bag the astronaut use.（1）The
program is designed for students in order to_______.A.show them
the achievements of scientific researchB.help students learn how
to recycle things on the USC.make them improve the skills of aski
ng questionsD.encourage them to take interest in an astronaut''s l
ife（2）According to the passage，what do the astronauts think of th
e water they are given on the International Space Station？A.They
can''t stand it.B.They don''t mind it.C.They feel awful when they d
rink it.D.They think it tastes better than the fresh water.（3）Why
does the writer write this article？A.To tell about the developme
nt of space station.B.To show us how the astronauts live in space
.C.To teach how to connect with astronauts from the earth.D.To ta
lk about some disadvantages of the space training.15．（2020 北京师大附属
实验中学八年级期中）There is a famous English saying "You are what you eat"
，and it means what you put in your mouth will become part of you．
Many experts （专家） use it to tell people it''s important to have a
good eating habit．For example，too much sweet food makes a person
overweight．To avoid being fat，kids are told to keep off sweet foo
d．However，a team of American scientists have discovered something
new about eating sweet food．"When we say some people are ''sweet''
，we mean they are kind and friendly to us．Perhaps this word can h
elp us learn more about people''s feelings and acts．"said Brian Me
ier，a scientist from the study team．"Taste is something we experi
ence every day．What we have done is to find whether we can know s
omeone''s character and behavior depending on their taste．"In one
of their experiments，college students were asked questions about
their character ﹣ whether，for example，they were soft﹣hearted or n
ot．Then they were asked to make a list of their favorite food．Acc
ording to their answers，the scientists found that the students wh
o liked sweet food were nicer．In their another experiment，the sci
entists found that people who preferred sweet food such as cookie
s and chocolate were more willing to help other people in need，an
d those who ate non﹣sweet food such as chips weren''t．For example，
people with a sweet tooth were more likely to volunteer to clean
up their city，visit sick children in the hospital and so on．The r
esult of the experiments is that people''s helpfulness or being ni
ce has something to do with their taste for sweet food．So eating
sweet food is a useful way to make people nice and helpful．Next t
ime，try some ice﹣cream．（1）The underlined word "it" refers to_____
__．A．the sweet foodB．the eating habitC．the American teamD．the Eng
lish saying（2）According to the result of the experiments，sweet fo
od makes people______．A．overweightB．excitedC．relaxedD．friendly（3）
It can be learnt from the passage that_______．A．scientists asked
college students questions about their futureB．scientists told co
llege students not to eat sweet foodC．people with a sweet tooth a
re more willing to help othersD．people''s character has nothing to
do with their taste16．（2020 北京师大附属实验中学八年级期中）Nearly all kids have
had the same experience．They are eating in a restaurant with the
ir parents．They finished the spaghetti minutes ago．Now they are b
ored．Their little brother is kicking them under the table．He is a
lso complaining about the desserts（餐后甜点）． Yet their parents are s
till eating and talking…and talking…and talking．"Be patient．"One
parent says．"We''ll have dessert soon．"All kids know what happens
next．After dessert，their parents drink coffee．Then they talk some
more．Again，the children must wait．They have been in school all d
ay and would rather be running and playing． Instead，they must sit
in a chair and stare at a wall．Going to a restaurant doesn''t hav
e to be this way． Many restaurants say they are "family-friendly"
．Family restaurants， such as fast-food restaurants should play ar
eas for children．At these restaurants，almost every play area is a
big room full of climbing equipment． The room is usually，packed
with happy kids．Parents can eat while the children play．Everyone
is happy．The real problem begins when families want to eat a fanc
ier meal（大餐）．The parents don''t want to hurry through the meal but
talk to each other． They do not have bored children pestering（烦扰
） them about leaving．That''s no fun for kids either． For them， goi
ng to a nicer restaurant means just one thing：sit still and be qu
iet．On family blogs across the Web， dozens of parents post the sa
me question all the time；are there any nicer restaurants with pla
y areas for kids？Research shows that some nicer restaurants do ha
ve play areas．In warmer cities，it is easier for restaurants to bu
ild play areas outside．For example，at one restaurant kids can sai
l tiny little motor boats in a small， shallow pond．Parents can si
t on a beautiful yard and watch the kids play．Some nicer restaura
nts even have indoor play areas．Research also shows that these re
staurants serve more than just burgers，chickens and fries．So，it''s
possible for a restaurant to provide both food and a place where
kids can play．These restaurants seem to be popular， too．For some
， families must have reservation days in advance．For others，famil
ies might be forced to wait in long lines． Clearly， quality food
and safe play areas are both good for business．（1）Why do children
get unhappy at the restaurant？A．Because they can''t join in their
parents'' talk．B．Because the dessert isn''t served in time．C．Becau
se they can do nothing but wait．D．Because the food there isn''t de
licious．（2）What is the real problem mentioned in the passage？A．Ch
ildren don''t like eating fancier food．B．Not many nicer restaurant
s provide play areas．C．Parents don''t trouble to comfort their bor
ed kids．D．People have to wait for seats in nicer restaurants．（3）W
hat conclusion can we draw from the research？A．It''s common for ni
cer restaurants to provide good food and play areas．B．Building pl
ay areas is more difficult for restaurants in colder cities．C．Ser
ving more kinds of foods may help restaurants to make more money．
D．It''s possible for restaurants to find a balance to make both ha
ppy．（4）What does the writer mainly want to tell us？A．Cities need
to help develop restaurant business．B．Children are supposed to be
much more patient．C．Restaurants are supposed to give kids some s
pace．D．Parents need to care more about their kids when eating．17．
（2020 北京师大附属实验中学八年级期中）A cup of coffee is a good way for many peop
le to start their day．It can also pass on kindness．Manyang Kher u
sed to be a Sudanese child refugee（难民）．When he was three years ol
d，his village was burnt in the war．He was separated from his pare
nts and never saw them again．He became one of the 20，000 young Su
danese who had to leave their home for Ethiopia''s Gambella area．H
e lived there as a refugee for 13 years．When he was 16，Kher went
to the United States．While he was in college，he started a program
to help the refugees．Now，he owns a coffee company （公司） called 73
4，which is a part of his program．The company has helped more than
200，000 refugees living in the Gambella area till now．Kher said，
"I know the difficulties and pains they face every day．You see k
ids die from hunger．You see kids dying of illnesses．You see kids
running away from the refugee camp to find a place to be home，but
die on the way．"Eighty percent of the money made by the coffee c
ompany is used to send more of the children to school．And，as Kher
explains，the money helps refugees to help themselves．For example
，a cup of 734 coffee can also buy one fishing net（网） for a refuge
e．They can fish for themselves．Kher sells the coffee online and t
o coffee stores．Megan Murphy owns a coffee store in Washington，D．
C．She serves 734 coffee in her store and people love it．The coffe
e tastes delicious，so it''s a win-win on both sides．（1）Kher left h
is home when he was three years old because________．A．his parents
opened a storeB．his village was burnt in the warC．he had to move
to the USD．he lost his home in an earthquake（2）Kher helps the re
fugees by_______．A．making fishing netsB．offering coffee to themC．
starting a programD．sending them back home（3）We can infer from th
is passage that_______．A．Kher sells his coffee both online and to
coffee storesB．you''re helping the refugees when enjoying 734 cof
feeC．coffee from Megan Murphy''s store tastes deliciousD．Megan Mur
phy is one of the refugees in Gambella18．（2019 北京四中八年级期中）Superher
o movies and TV shows are very popular today．A new study shows so
mething is missing from superhero stories，though．Most popular sup
erheroes are men．The new study says kids want to see more superhe
roes who are women．The study was done by two groups．One is the Wo
men''s Media Center．The other is BBC America．The Women''s Media Cen
ter is a charity（慈善）group．It fights for fair treatment（待遇）of wome
n in things like TV and movies．BBC America is a TV channel．More t
han 2，000 people took part in the study．Some were kids aged from
10 to 19．Others were the parents of younger children．Not Enough S
trong Woman CharactersThe study shows that most girls feel there
are not enough female role models in entertainment（娱乐）．They think
there should be more strong female characters．They want to see s
uperheroes that look like them．Boys answered questions in the stu
dy，too．Most agreed with the girls．They want to see more female su
perheroes，like Wonder Woman．Julie Burton runs the Women''s Media C
enter．She said TV and movies had to make changes．They must provid
e more role models for girls．Female characters should reflect（反映）
girls of all different backgrounds，she said．It is important for a
ll to see people who look like them in entertainment．Helping Girl
s Feel More Brave and ConfidentBurton said seeing strong female c
haracters is important for girls．It helps them build confidence．T
hese characters give girls someone to look up to，she explained．Th
is can inspire girls．It can also help them to feel brave．Sarah Ba
rnett agrees．She runs BBC America． "If you can''t see her，you can''
t be her，" Barnett said．The study asked girls how they feel when
they see powerful female characters on screen．The results were in
teresting．They showed that seeing female characters has a big eff
ect on girls．Boys like seeing male superheroes on screen．But the
study showed the effect on boys was smaller．Maybe that is because
seeing male superheroes is pretty common．Female superheroes are
rarer．Seeing them is more exciting．More Women in EntertainmentThe
report is a part of a new plan at BBC America．It is called #Gala
xy Of Women．The goal is to improve how women are shown in enterta
inment．The study came out the day after BBC America started a new
season of "Doctor Who"．It is a popular science fiction show．The
Doctor is an alien（外星人）who can travel through time and change bod
ies．Twelve different actors have played the Doctor since the show
started in 1963．This season，the Doctor is a woman，played by Jodi
e Whittaker．This is the first time the Doctor has been played by
a woman．（1）What can we learn from the passage？A．The study was don
e by Men''s Media Center and BBC．B．There are enough women superher
oes in entertainment．C．Julie Burton believes TV and movies need t
o make changes．D．More than 2，000 kids aged from 10 to 19 took par
t in the study．（2）What do the underlined sentences mean？Maybe tha
t is because_______．A．male superheroes are strong，and female supe
rheroes are pretty．B．there are more chances to see male superhero
es compared to female ones．C．seeing male superheroes is more exci
ting than seeing female superheroes．D．it is less likely to see ma
le superhero characters than female ones on screen．（3）Why did BBC
America start the #Galaxy Of Women？A．To make sure there was a wo
man Doctor on screen．B．To better the way women appeared on TV and
films．C．Because BBC America had a new plan and it was a part of
it．D．Because the new season of science fiction "Doctor Who" was p
opular．（4）What''s the best title for the passage？A．Is It Good to S
ee Superheroes？B．More Superheroes，More confidenceC．More Strong Fe
male Characters or Not？D．Science Fiction and Women Characters19．（
2019 北京四中八年级期中）Google is a company''s name，but it has also grown i
nto a verb that means， "to do an Internet search．" Now everyone a
nd their grandma know what it means to Google it．You know that yo
u''re doing something big when your company name becomes a verb．Go
ogle wasn''t the first company to invent their product．Lycos relea
sed their search engine in 1993．Yahoo!came out in 1994．AltaVista
began serving results in 1995．Google did not come out until 1998．
That is a major head start in the fast moving world of tech．So ho
w did Google overtake（超过）their competitors who had such huge lead
s in time and money？Maybe one good idea made all the difference．T
here are millions of sites on the Internet．How does a search engi
ne know which ones are relevant to your search？This is a question
that great minds have been working on for decades．To understand
how Google changed the game，you need to know how search engines w
orked in 1998．Back then most websites looked at the words in your
query（查询）．They counted how many times those words appeared on ea
ch page．Then they might return pages where the words in your quer
y appeared the most．This system did not work well and people ofte
n had to click through pages of results to find what they wanted．
Google was the first search engine that began considering links．L
inks are those blue underlined words that take you to other pages
when you click on them．Larry Page，cofounder of Google，believed t
hat meaningful data could be drawn from how those links connect．H
e was right．Google''s search results were much better than their r
ivals''（对手）．They would soon become the world''s most used search en
gine．It wasn''t just the great search results that led to Google b
ecoming so well liked．It also had to do with the way that they pr
esented their product．The home pages of most other search engines
were filled with all kinds of things．But Google''s homepage was，a
nd still is，clean．There''s nothing on it but the logo，the search b
ox，and a few links．In fact，when they were first testing it，users
would wait at the home page and not do anything．When asked why，th
ey said that they were "waiting for the rest of the page to load"
．But the fresh design grew on people once they got used to it．The
se days Google has its hands in everything from self﹣driving cars
to helping humans live longer．Though they have many other popula
r products，they will always be best known for their search engine
．Not only is Google search engine a fantastic product，it is a sta
nding example that one good idea（and a lot of hard work）can chang
e the world．（1）Which might be a reason why Google became so popul
ar？A．Google''s homepage was clean．B．Google''s homepage loaded quick
ly．C．Google provided a lot of information on their homepage．D．Goo
gle counted the times of the words appeared in query．（2）What is t
he author''s purpose in writing this article？A．To explain how Goog
le overtook its rivals．B．To compare Google and other search engin
es．C．To persuade readers to use Google for Internet searches．D．To
discuss how companies can influence language over time．（3）What i
s the main idea of the fourth paragraph？A．Links allow people to s
urf from one website to the next．B．Google is a website that serve
s important links to users．C．Larry Page contributed to the Intern
et by inventing the link．D．Larry Page''s ideas about links helped
Google get to the top．（4）What is the best title for the passage？A
．A Short History of Search EnginesB．A Better Way：How Google Rose
to the TopC．Yahoo!vs Google：War of the Big CompaniesD．How Search
Engines Work and Why They''re Important20．（2019 北京四中八年级期中）Giving a
HandJaime，a new immigrant（移民）of the USA，was going to watch his d
aughter''s first show in a school play．His daughter， Carol，was fiv
e years old．She was a student at the local public school．Carol di
d not have a very big role in the school play．She was just playin
g a rain cloud in a play about the drought in California．Carol ha
d just one line．Her line was，"I am sad enough to cry about how dr
y the state is．"Jaime and his wife made sure to arrive early so t
hat they could get a good seat to watch the show．They found seats
in the front row．Before the show began，the schoolmaster made an
introductory speech．The speech was about how hard the students an
d teachers worked together to make the play possible．At the end o
f the speech， the schoolmaster said，"Let''s give the school staff
a hand"．Jaime，whose English was not very good，stood up when the s
choolmaster said this．He knew that when people said "to give some
one a hand" they meant they needed help．Jaime always wanted to he
lp， especially at his daughter''s school．Jaime thought maybe they
needed help backstage．Jaime''s wife put her arm in front of her hu
sband．"Where are you going？"she asked in a low voice．"They need a
hand，" Jaime replied．His wife explained that "to give someone a
hand" could also mean to applaud（鼓掌）someone．When you applaud some
one you clap your hands（拍手）after their performance．You are not su
pposed to stand up and try to help others．"They don''t need help．T
hey just want us to clap，"Jaime''s wife explained．Jaime felt a lit
tle embarrassed．He sat back down and began clapping along with th
e rest of the audience．Jaime thought to himself that someone need
ed to give the English language a hand．How could one phrase mean
two different things？ He meant the English language needed help．（
1）Why did Jaime and his wife arrive at the play early？A．To talk t
o other parents．B．To wish their daughter good luck．C．To get good
seats to watch the show．D．To listen to the speech of the schoolma
ster．（2）Jaime thought "giving someone a hand" meant______．A．helpi
ng someoneB．clapping your handsC．holding someone''s handD．giving y
our hand to someone（3）What can we learn from the passage？A．Jaime
stood up to applaud．B．Jaime is a warm﹣hearted man．C．Jaime was bet
ter at English than his wife．D．Jaime''s daughter played an importa
nt role in the show．21．（2019 北京四中八年级期中）Money is what people use t
o buy things they need or want．A long time ago，people didn''t use
money．So how did they get the things they wanted？Well，there is a
long and interesting story about this．At first，they would exchang
e something they had for something they needed．For example，if the
shoemaker needed some bread，he would give the baker shoes and th
e baker would give him bread．This was called "bartering"．Barterin
g worked fine for a while．But after the baker had too many shoes，
the shoemaker still needed more bread．What could they do？The solu
tion to this problem was money．Money is basically an agreement am
ong people．People agree that some metal or paper will be worth a
certain amount of bread or a certain number of shoes．There were m
any earlier forms of money，such as cattle，salt，grain（谷物）and shell
s．But it was not easy to move them or store them．So coins began t
o take the place of things．Coins had a set value and could be sto
red long．A coin says right on it how much it is worth．Different c
oins are worth different amounts．It became possible for people to
trade in a standardized（标准）way．About three hundred years ago，pap
er money came into wider use．Paper money is cheaper to make than
coins．It is also easier to carry around．Now people use paper mone
y and coins in most countries．We call these kinds of money cash．C
ash has been popular for hundreds of years．But these days，things
seem to have changed．Cashless payment（无现金支付）has come into our liv
es and changed our world．China was the first country in the world
to use paper money．Now，centuries later，analysts（分析家）believe that
China may soon become the first cashless society．Cashless paymen
t apps such as Alipay and WeChat Pay are becoming more common in
China．The buyer just scans（扫描）the quick﹣respond code（二维码）of the s
eller，or the other way around．Then they can get the things they w
ant．No physical money is needed in this process．Is tomorrow alrea
dy here？（1）Which is the correct order of the development of money
？①Coins②Bartering③Paper money④Cashless payment⑤Cattle，grain and s
hellsA．②⑤①③④B．⑤③②①④C．②⑤①④③D．⑤④③②①（2）What can we learn from the pa
ssage？A．Coins are the earliest form of money in the world．B．Peopl
e cannot buy things by showing the quick﹣respond code．C．Both coin
s and paper money are very popular around the world．D．Paper money
costs more to make than coins because they are worth more．（3）Wha
t does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph？A．China i
s the first cashless country in the world．B．People will start usi
ng cashless payment tomorrow．C．People won''t use any physical mone
y in the future．D．Cashless payment is the new stage of money deve
lopment．22．（2019 北京市101中学八年级期中）There is a popular Chinese saying
that "Fair skin will make up for three flaws （缺点）"．This mentions
the fact that in Chinese culture，it is believed that people who h
ave fair skin are more beautiful．In Western culture，however，the o
pposite is true﹣many Westerners think tanned skin is prettier．The
example shows that different cultures have different ideas of wh
at they think is beautiful．These cultural meanings of beauty，howe
ver，are no longer important．As more and more people travel overse
as，ideas about beauty are being shared among cultures．The Interne
t has also made it easier for people to share different types of
beauty since people are always posting pictures on social media．T
he result is an ever﹣changing idea of what is considered beautifu
l．The cultural practice of ear piercings，for example，has become a
part of modern day culture．In Kenya，it is a tradition among the
Masai men and women to pierce and then make their ear lobes （耳垂）
longer using ivory and wood or stones．They then wear colorful thi
ngs on their ear lobes．This is a common practice since longer ear
lobes are seen as a sign of beauty．This tradition has now found
its way into present﹣day culture．Nowadays，this might still seem u
nusual to some，but with more and more well﹣known actors and film
stars showing off their longer ear lobes．It will finally become m
ore fashionable．It is understood that different cultures around t
he world have different ways of showing beauty．However，since we n
ow live in a worldwide society，people''s views about beauty are al
ways changing．With the help of the Internet，people are now able t
o easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out．
So what new fashions can we expect to see in the future？（1）What h
as made it easier for people to share ideas about beauty？A．The po
pularity of the latest fashions．B．The unchanged cultural traditio
ns．C．The development of technology．D．The world''s growing populati
on．（2）The underlined word " pierce " in Para graph 2 means_______
．A．make sth．longerB．borrow ideasC．wear thingsD．make a hole（3）What
can be learned about the Masai people from the passage？A．Longer
ear lobes are their new fashion．B．They think longer ear lobes loo
k beautiful．C．Only women make their ear lobes longer．D．They make
actors and film stars famous．（4）What is the passage mainly about？
A．People in Asian countries like fair skin better．B．People''s idea
s about beauty are changing all the time．C．Different cultures hav
e different ideas about beauty．D．Beauty is considered important i
n many cultures．23．（2019 北京市101中学八年级期中）Next time a customer comes
to your office，offer him a cup of coffee．And when you''re doing y
our holiday shopping online，make sure you''re holding a large glas
s of iced tea．The physical sensation（感觉）of warmth encourages emot
ional （情感的） warmth，while a cold drink in hand stops you from maki
ng unwise decisions﹣those are the practical lesson being drawn fr
om recent research by psychologist John A．Bargh．Psychologists hav
e known that one person''s feeling of another''s "warmth" is a powe
rful determiner（决定因素）in social relationships．Judging someone to b
e either "warm" or "cold" is a primary consideration．Much of this
is rooted in very early childhood experiences，Bargh argues，when
babies'' understanding of the world around them is shaped by physi
cal sensations，particularly warmth and coldness．Classic studies b
y Harry Harlow，published in 1958，showed monkeys preferred to stay
close to a cloth "mother" rather than one made of wire，even when
the wire "mother" carried a food bottle．Harlow''s work and later
studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physic
al contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healt
hy adults with normal social skills．Feelings of "warmth" and "col
dness" in social judgments appear to be universal．Although no wor
ldwide study has been done，Bargh says that describing people as "
warm" or "cold" is common to many cultures，and studies have found
those feelings influence judgment in dozens of countries．To test
the relationship between physical and psychological warmth，Bargh
did an experiment which involved 41 college students．A research
assistant handed the students either a hot cup of coffee，or a col
d drink，to hold while the researcher filled out a short informati
on form．The drink was then handed back．After that，the students we
re asked to rate（评估）the personality of the assistant．Those who ha
d briefly held the warm drink regarded the assistant as warmer th
an those who had held the iced drink．"We based on our physical ex
periences even when we think abstractly（抽象地）"says Bargh．（1）Accord
ing to Paragraph 1，a person''s emotion may be affected by_______．A
．the visitors to his officeB．the psychology lessons he hasC．the t
hings he has bought onlineD．his physical feeling of coldness（2）Th
e author mentions Harlow''s experiment to show that_______．A．adult
s should develop social skillsB．caregivers should be healthy adul
tC．babies need warm physical contactsD．monkeys have social relati
onships（3）We can infer from the passage that________．A．abstract t
hinking does not come from physical experiencesB．physical tempera
ture affects how we see othersC．feelings of warmth and coldness a
re studied worldwideD．capable persons are often cold to others（4）
What would be the best title for the passage？A．Drinking for Bette
r Social Relationships．B．Physical Sensations and Emotions．C．Devel
oping Better Drinking Habits．D．Experiments of Rating the Personal
ity．24．（2019 北京市101中学八年级期中）Three people from different countries
are having a three﹣week English learning in the United States．In
the first class，they are introducing themselves．Hi．I am Pak Jee﹣E
un from Korea．My friends call me Jee﹣Eun．I am a university studen
t．Everyone says I draw pictures very well．I want to draw pictures
for books after I finish university．I live in Seoul，the capital
city of Korea．My family is in Chejudo，a large island in Korea．I m
iss them very much．My name is Oscar．I am from Mexico and I live i
n the city of Guadalajara．My job is making films．Right now，I am m
aking a film about a family in Guadalajara．The film shows interes
ting things about the family．I want to show people what life is l
ike in my city in the film．Hello!My name is Pinar．I am from Turke
y．I come from Istanbul．I love my city very much because my whole
family lives there．I am a pilot （飞行员）．I fly airplanes for a small
company．I take tourists to small islands in the Mediterranean Se
a （地中海）．I really love my job．41．Who is a university student？A．Jee
﹣Eun．B．Oscar．C．Francis．D．Pinar．42．Chejudo is_______．A．a city in T
urkeyB．a city in MexicoC．an island in KoreaD．an island in Turkey4
3．Oscar is making a film about_________．A．a capital cityB．a famil
yC．an airplaneD．a pilot44．What is Pinar''s job？A．She makes films．B
．She flies airplanes．C．She teachs in a university．D．She draws pic
tures for books．二．阅读表达25．（2021 北京首师大附中八年级期中）Some people make you
feel comfortable when they are around.You spend an hour with them
and feel as if you''ve known them half your life.These people hav
e something in common.And after we learn about it.we can try to d
o it ourselves.Here are several skills that good talkers have.If
you use these skills，they will help you make friends with people
quickly.First of all，good talkers ask questions.Almost everyone w
ill answer a question.One famous businessman said，"At business lu
nches，I always ask people what they did in the morning.It''s a com
mon question，but it will be helpful." From there you can move on
to other things，sometimes to really personal questions.Second，aft
er good talkers ask questions，they listen for the answer.They usu
ally listen carefully so that they can tell what kind of person t
hey are talking to.Third.real listening means many things.First，i
t means not to change the topic of the conversation.If someone ke
eps talking about one topic.you can tell that he is really intere
sted in it.Real listening also means not just listening to words，
but to the tones of voice.If the voice sounds boring，it''s time fo
r you to change the topic.Finally，good talkers know how to deal w
ith the occasion of parting.If you''re saying goodbye，you may give
him a firm handshake and say，"I''ve really enjoyed meeting you.If
you want to see that person again.don''t keep it secret.Let peopl
e know how you feel.and they may walk away feeling as if they''re
known you half their life.（1）Can these skills help you make frien
ds with people？（2）What question does the businessman always ask？（
3）How should good talkers listen for the answer？（4）If the voice s
ounds boring，what should you do？（5）What''s the passage mainly abou
t？26．（2021 北京171中学八年级期中）Everybody can suffer from stress（压力）.No m
atter what your age is，you can feel stressed out by things that a
re happening in your life.Teenagers，however，have many more chance
s to get stressed than people in any other age group.Being a teen
ager is hard.You are not a child any more，but you are not an adul
t，even though you have to deal with some grown﹣up problems and de
cisions.Families can be one of the biggest causes（原因）of stress，su
ch as problems with parents arguing（争吵）at home，or problems with b
rothers and sisters.Teenagers also have a lot of stress from scho
ol，either from their teachers or from their friends.Some teenager
s also feel stressed about choosing their education after high sc
hool.Getting a place at university can be very difficult and some
cannot afford to go to university.The stress about getting a job
when finishing school is another cause of stress for some teenag
ers because there are so many young people finishing school and n
ot enough jobs for them.Sadly，there is nothing we can do to remov
e these causes of stress from the lives of teenagers，but you can
learn the best way to deal with it.Talking to people is one of th
e best ways to deal with stress.It may sound simple，but it is tru
e.A problem shared（分担） is a problem halved（减半）.（1）How many causes
of stress are mentioned in the passage？（2）What problems can be c
aused by families？（3）Why do teenagers have difficulty getting a j
ob when finishing school？（4）What is the best way to deal with str
ess？（5）What is this passage mainly about？27．（2021 北京四中八年级期中）Exper
ts in the United States have the following suggestions for living
a healthier lifestyle：Get active.Ride a bike or walk to places\i
nstead of driving.Cars and other machines greatly reduce the need
for physical activity.These machines help us move from place to
place easily and quickly and work well，but we don''t use much phys
ical energy.Eat a well﹣balanced meal made of protein（蛋白质），grains，
vegetables，and fruit.Some people just eat snacks all day.They eat
a lot of junk food，such as potato chips and soda.Nutritionists（营
养学家）suggest that families eat together.Unfortunately，many people
often eat alone and quickly.If families eat their big meal togeth
er slowly，they can discuss the events of their day and enjoy thei
r food and each other''s company.Take the soft drink and snack mac
hines out of the schools and educate children early about nutriti
on and exercise.The typical teenager gets about 10 to 15 percent
of his or her calories from soft drinks，which have no nutrition a
t all.Replace the food in the machines with water，juice，and healt
hy snacks.Be careful of food messages you hear from advertisers t
hat say，"Eat this.Buy that." Technology allows advertisers to sen
d us messages all the time.Many of these foods are high in fat an
d calories.Choose natural foods，such as fruits and nuts，instead o
f manufactured（加工的）foods.In addition to what individuals （个人） can
do，communities need to build new housing more carefully.In many
communities in the United States，it''s hard to walk from place to
place easily because there are no sidewalks.If we want people to
get exercise in their communities，they need sidewalks.They also n
eed bike paths so they can ride safely.Change your diet.Eat meat
infrequently.Twice a week is chough.Parents need to set a good ex
ample so that their kids grow up in a healthy way.（1）How can we g
et active？（2）What is a well﹣balanced meal made of？（3）How often sh
ould we eat meat to keep healthy？（4）What is the passage mainly ab
out？28．（2021 北京二中八年级期中）You may think that inventions are far away
from your everyday life.But in fact，most people can invent.It''s
just that they do not know that their idea could be the start of
an invention.Once inventors see their ideas have some practical v
alue.they don''t let them go away.For example，the inventor of the
dishwasher，American Josephine Cochrane.loved to give dinner parti
es.But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand and
too many of them broke.She decided that a machine could do the jo
b faster and with fewer mistakes.So，in 1886，she started to make o
ne for herself.Like Cochrane''s，most inventions are created to sol
ve a problem.So，the first and most important step is to find the
problem.Start by looking at what is wrong with things you use tow
and ask people around if they remember ever saying："I wish someo
ne would invent something for…"Then you might notice situations o
r things in need of improvement.The next step is to think about p
ossible solutions.An invention is a new way of solving s problem.
So think of many and unusual ways.You can often come up with a so
lution for a problem by thinking about it in a new way.Most inven
tions are not completely new.They do not come out of nowhere，but
of things or ideas that already exist（存在）And the hardest part of
inventing，even for a lot of inventors，is coming up with a problem
and finding a solution.Once you have an idea，you can always get
help building your invention.This problem﹣solving method can also
work in your everyday hives.So，why not try it in your studies，in
your relation with others，or even in the way you took at the wor
ld？（1）Can most people invent？（2）When did Cochrane start to make t
he dishwasher？（3）How can we often come up with a solution for a p
roblem？（4）What is the hardest part of inventing for inventors？（5）
What does the writes want to tell us？29．（2019 北京四中八年级期中）A LessonJ
oe was a farmer． His farmland was so poor that he hadn''t had good
harvests for years．"If God lets me control the weather， then eve
rything will get better，" he complained． "I''m a farmer． I know wh
at''s the best for crops to grow than God does．"God told him that
he would control all kinds of weather． "Let''s see what your crops
will grow like．" God said．On hearing this， Joe was excited and i
mmediately shouted， "Sunny!" Suddenly the clouds went away．He was
pleased and shouted again， "Rainy!" The sky was covered with dar
k clouds right away， then after a while， heavy rain poured down．W
atching the seeds growing bigger and bigger and becoming crops， J
oe felt much satisfied．Then， the harvest season came．He went to t
he field to get his crops． But his heart suddenly sank（下沉）when he
found the strong crops even hadn''t grown a grain． He was quite c
onfused and started to cry． Once again， God heard him．"Do you wan
t to know why you still don''t get the good harvest you want？" God
asked．"That''s because you never asked for wind， rainstorm， snow
and ice， or anything that could make the air fresher and the root
s stronger． Without strong roots， of course the crops won''t grow
any fruit． "After he realized this， Joe asked God to take back th
e power． It turned out that only through life''s challenges would
we reap（收获）the fruit of life．（1）Was Joe a farmer？（2）Why was Joe s
o excited？（3）What kinds of weather did Joe ask for？（4）What can we
learn from the story？30．（2019 北京市101中学八年级期中）DIY，which means Do I
t Yourself，is quite popular in UK．Lots of stores and supermarkets
sell DIY things．TV programmes show people how to DIY．English peo
ple like DIY．There is a saying in UK-"An Englishman''s home is his
castle"．Lots of people spend their holidays making their homes b
eautiful "castles"．If there is anything that needs fixing around
their houses， such as painting the walls or putting in a new show
er，they will do the jobs themselves．They share DIY experiences wi
th their friends．More and more people have discovered the joy of
DIY．Sometimes people also DIY for saving money．With the economic
downturn at present，many people can not afford to buy a bigger ho
use．They are looking at how they can make their house better with
out spending a lot of money．It is not surprising that DIY is so p
opular．DIY can be difficult．There is a huge market for DIY furnit
ure which people need to put together themselves with a few basic
tools．However，people often find it not easy to build a piece of
furniture because they can''t understand the instructions．Sometime
s the instructions are simple and clear， but the furniture itself
is difficult to build．One thing is for sure， though most DIY pro
jects are started with the best intentions（意愿），many of them may n
ot get finished．DIY can also be dangerous．For example，anything el
ectrical（电子的）should be done by a professional worker．Unluckily，ma
ny people don''t care about this warning and put themselves in dan
ger．It is reported that in just one year over 230，000 people were
hurt while doing DIY in UK，including 41，000 who fell off ladders
．Therefore，DIY can bring us fun and help us save money，but it is
not always as easy as it is thought to be if we bite off more tha
n we can chew．Maybe factories should make products that are easie
r and safer for us to DIY．（1）Is DIY very popular in UK？（2）How do
many English people spend their holidays？（3）Who do people share D
IY experiences with？（4）How many people were hurt while doing DIY
in UK in a year？（5）Why do people in UK like DIY？参考答案1．【解答】略2．【分析】
本文主要讲了作者喜欢棒球，以及参加棒球比赛的经历带给他的很多好处。【解答】（1）A.段落大意题。根据第二段In that rega
rd，the night was a bummer（失望）.But in every other way，the evening
was close to perfect.从这方面来说，这个夜晚是令人失望的。但在其他方面，这个晚上几乎是完美的，可知从前三段我们
知道了在其他方面，这个晚上几乎是完美的，故选A。（2）B.推理判断题。根据第五段One reason I enjoy baseba
ll so much，is undoubtedly，because of the many memories I have wat
ching it with my father.毫无疑问，我如此喜欢棒球的一个原因是我和父亲一起看棒球的许多回忆，据此推断空格处要
表达的含义为这些经历提供更好的回忆，故选B。（3）D.细节判断题。根据第五段One reason I enjoy baseball
so much，is undoubtedly，because of the many memories I have watch
ing it with my father.毫无疑问，我如此喜欢棒球的一个原因是我和父亲一起看棒球的许多回忆，据此判断共同的回忆使
人们在相处的时间里更加亲密，故选D。（4）B.推理判断题。根据第四段According to research，experienc
es result in longer﹣lasting happiness than material possessions。研
究表明，经历比物质财富更能带来持久的幸福，据此推断作者认为通过经历我们应该拥有完美的生活，故选B。【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针
对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。3．【分析】
本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要向读者介绍了怀尔德伍德学校图书馆的借书指南。【解答】细节理解题。（1）A.根据Service hou
rs：介绍内容8：30 a.m﹣11：00 a.m on weekends.周末的开放时间为上午8点30到11点，故选A。（2）D
.根据Returning：介绍内容Kids can keep the books borrowed from the librar
y for only 15 days.孩子们从图书馆借来的书只能保存15天，故选D。（3）B.根据倒数第二段We encourag
e students to carry their library books in plastic bags to protec
t them from rainy weather.我们鼓励学生用塑料袋装图书馆的书籍，以防下雨的时候把书淋湿或弄坏。可知，下雨天
建议用塑料袋装书，故选B。【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解，根据所给问题选择正确
选项完成试题。4．【分析】本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读，主要讲了如何变得更加快乐，提出快乐取决于我们自己，并提供了三个建议来帮助你变更
快乐。【解答】（1）C.词义猜测题。根据文中"we spend so much time thinking about the f
uture ﹣ for example，getting into college or getting a good job ﹣
that we fail to enjoy the present"我们花了太多时间思考未来——例如，进入大学或找到一份好工作——
以至于我们无法享受...，和未来对应的是现在。故选C。（2）D.推理判断题。根据文中" Finally，many people f
ind happiness in helping others"最后，许多人从帮助别人中找到快乐。可知做好事可以叫人快乐，故选D。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据文中"Money and success alone do not bring a forever ha
ppiness"金钱和成功本身并不能带来永久的幸福，说明只能带来一时的快乐，故选C。（4）B.主题归纳题。本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读
，主要讲了如何变得更加快乐，提出快乐取决于我们自己，并提供了三个建议来帮助你变更快乐。故选B。【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之
间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解，根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。5．【分析】本文主要讲了作者在小时候，成绩并不理
想，直到五年级时，她遇到了一位非常好的老师﹣﹣韦克菲尔德太太。她帮助作者建立了自信，这成为了作者生活的转折点．作者已经是一位成功的
优秀教师，她一直感激那位老师对自己的帮助。【解答】（1）B。细节理解题。根据文中第一段"At the age of four，I
started speech lessons because 1 could not speak well enough for
anyone to understand me."可知，作者在四岁的时候去学习演讲课，是因为他的语言表达不好，别人难以理解。故选B
。（2）A。细节理解题。根据文中最后一段"I have won many awards up to now.such as"Tea
cher of the Year"."可知，作者获得了许多奖项，如"年度最佳教师"，故A项正确。故选A。（3）D。细节理解题。根据
文中最后一段"I think I should thank my fifth grade teacher.She believed
in me and helped me to be all that I could be."可知，一个好的老师应该信任并帮助学
生尽其所能。故选D。【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局
作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者的
观点。6．【分析】本文讲述了作者的妈妈去医院生孩子，从去之前到生之后以及去医院接妈妈回家，一系列的语言、行为等，都表现出了作者非常
爱他的家人。【解答】（1）C。细节理解题。根据"Then one night my mother woke us up and s
aid， "It is time!"We were very.excited"后来有一天晚上，妈妈把我们叫醒，说："时间到了!"我
们都很兴奋。可知是C项符合题意。故选：C。（2）B。细节理解题。根据"The next morning，my aunt said，
"Now you have a new brother"第二天早上，姑姑说："现在你有了一个新弟弟。"可知B符合题意。故选：B。（
3）D。理解判断题。通过阅读，我们知道，本文讲述了作者的妈妈去医院生孩子，从去之前到生之后以及去医院接妈妈回家，一系列的语言、行为
等，都表现出了作者非常爱他的家人。可知是D项符合题意。故选：D。【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合
选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。7．【分析】从20世纪60年代，医学研究人员托
马斯?霍姆斯和理查德?拉赫制定了一份压力事件清单。到20世纪70年代初，成百上千的类似研究跟随霍姆斯和拉赫，都得出压力会导致疾病。
但是本文作者提出压力是不可避免的，许多人在经历压力时比以前有更多的体力和精神力量。【解答】推理判断题。（1）D.根据In the
1960s，medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe develope
d a list of stressful events.They liked the tricky point that any
big change can be stressful.Negative events like "serious illnes
s of a family member" were high on the list，but so were some posi
tive events，like marriage.20世纪60年代，医学研究人员托马斯?霍姆斯（Thomas Holmes）和理
查德?拉赫（Richard Rahe）制定了一份压力事件清单。他们喜欢一个棘手的问题，即任何大的变化都可能带来压力。负面事件如"家
庭成员患重病"在清单上居高不下，但一些积极事件如婚姻也是如此。可推测，霍姆斯?拉赫的医学研究告诉我们如何区分消极的甚至是积极的。故
选D。（2）B.根据 "If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy，a
void stressful events." the articles said.But such simple advice
is impossible to follow.Even if stressful events are dangerous，ma
ny﹣like the death of a loved one﹣are impossible to avoid.Moreover
，any warning to avoid all stressful events means staying away fro
m good chances as well as trouble.Since any change can be stressf
ul.a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would neve
r marry，never have a child.never take a new job or move.可知，文章说："如
果你想保持身心健康，就要避免压力事件。"但是，这样简单的建议是不可能遵循的。即使压力事件是危险的，许多像爱人死亡这样的事件也是无法
避免的。此外，任何避免所有压力事件的警告都意味着远离好机会和麻烦。因为任何改变都可能是有压力的。一个想要完全摆脱压力的人永远不要结
婚，永远不要有孩子。永远不要找新工作或搬家。文章告诉我们应避免压力事件，其实这是不可行的。从文章一开始就可以得知，无论是"悲伤还是
喜悦"的事，都会带来压力，所以言外之意是没有哪个处方在减轻压力方面是奏效的。所以可推测"如此简单的建议"（第1行，第3段）是不可能
的，因为人们无法减轻压力。故选B。（3）C.根据The idea that all stress makes you sick a
lso ignores a lot of what we know about people.It accepts that we
''re all easily hurt and passive in the face of difficulties.But w
hat about human initiative（主动性） and creativity？Many who come thro
ugh periods of stress have more physical and mental energy than t
hey had before.所有压力都会让你生病的想法也忽略了我们对人的很多了解。它承认我们在面对困难时都很容易受伤和被动。但是
人类的主动性和创造性呢？许多经历压力时期的人比以前有更多的身体和精神能量。可知经历过ups and downs的人，能够更加有能力
处理困难。因此作者可能会同意，经历过起伏的人可能会有更强的处理困难的能力。故选C。【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理
能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断。或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例
给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。8．【分析】本文作者主要讲述了现在孩子的童年发生了变化和产生变化
的原因，并提出了一个问题：现在的孩子是否更快乐？【解答】（1）C。细节理解题。根据"But do they have a happ
ier childhood than you or I did？"但他们的童年比你我快乐吗？可知是C项：引起人们的注意，引导话题。
符合题意。故选：C。（2）A。词义猜测题。根据"The funny thing is that so many ways of p
laying games are called "interactive"，because children can work t
ogether or communicate with others in games or the information ca
n be passed between the computer and the person who uses it"滑稽搞笑的
是，很多玩游戏的方式被称为（　　），因为孩子们可以在游戏中一起工作或与他人交流，或者信息可以在电脑和使用电脑的人之间传递。他们好像
有朋友可以一起玩。可猜测是A项：可能相互影响，符合题意。故选：A。（3）C。推理判断题。根据"The funny thing is
that so many ways of playing games are called "interactive"，beca
use children can work together or communicate with others in game
s or the information can be passed between the computer and the p
erson who uses it.It seems like they have friends to play with.Bu
t the fact that you can play electronic games on your own at home
increases the sense of loneliness felt by many young people toda
y"滑稽搞笑的是，很多玩游戏的方式被称为"互动、互相影响"，因为孩子们可以在游戏中一起工作或与他人交流，或者信息可以在电脑和使用电
脑的人之间传递。他们好像有朋友可以一起玩。但事实上，你可以自己在家玩电子游戏增加了许多年轻人的孤独感。可知是C项符合题意。故选：C
。（4）C。细节理解题。根据"Finally，the kind of toys children have and the way
they play is totally different"最后，孩子们拥有的玩具种类和他们玩的方式是完全不同的。可知C符合题
意。故选：C。【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基
础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。9．【分析】本文主要介绍了两封给乔治的信和他的回信。【解答】细节理解题。（1）C。根据" I''m
learning French but I don''t get good marks.I don''t know why.Some
times I want to give up，but I know I shouldn''t because languages
are going to be very important.What should I do？"我正在学法语，但成绩不好。我不知
道为什么。有时候我想放弃，但我知道我不应该放弃，因为语言是非常重要的。我该怎么办？可知是C项符合题意。故选：C。（2）B。根据"P
lan your meals with your mum，and she can help you lose weight.Als
o，try taking more exercise"和你的妈妈计划好你的三餐，她可以帮助你减肥。同时，尝试多做运动。可知B符合题
意。故选：B。（3）B。根据"You can talk to your teacher and ask her what you
should do to get a better grade"你可以和你的老师谈谈，问她你应该做些什么来取得更好的成绩。可知是B
项符合题意。故选：B。【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键
句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。10．【分析】短文大意说的是一个小孩为退休的爷爷制造了一张新的名片的事。【解答】（1）A
.细节理解题。根据文中"He knew that his grandpa would no longer have the pos
ition（职位）on that card，so he decided to build a new one for his gr
andpa."他知道他的祖父将不再拥有那张卡片上的职位，所以他决定为他的祖父建立一张新的卡片。故选A。（2）B.细节理解题。根据文
中" When all the other people left，he took his grandpa''s hand and
brought him over to a chair and gave him the gift."当所有的人都离开后，他拉着爷
爷的手，把他带到椅子上，把礼物送给了他。故选B。（3）C.细节理解题。根据文中"As Grandpa opened the gif
t，tears came into his eyes.Jack gave him the greatest gift he had
ever got!"当爷爷打开礼物时，泪水涌上了他的眼睛。杰克给了他有史以来最好的礼物！故选C。（4）B.推理判断题。短文大意说
的是一个小孩为退休的爷爷制造了一张新的名片的事。爷爷认为这是最好的礼物，很受感动。故选B【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，
展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。11．【分析】文章是一篇说明文，旨在说明科学家的一项对菠菜的新研究。
【解答】（1）D.细节理解题。根据Using a cheap and small computer system，the spin
ach can even help send a warning email.通过使用一个廉价的小型计算机系统，菠菜甚至可以帮助发
送警告电子邮件。可知科学家通过计算机为菠菜植物提供了新的技能。故选D。（2）D.推理判断题。根据If the water cont
ains certain chemicals that are used in bombs，the sensors in the
leaves make the nanotubes give off a different kind of light.如果在水
中检测到炸弹产生的化学物质，该系统可以发送警告电子邮件。可知关于实验过程，叶片中的传感器可检测到危险化学品。陈述是正确的。故选D。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据They say plants are already great at sensing their e
nvironment，since they take in water from the ground，and react to
chemicals in it.他们说，植物已经能够很好地感知环境，因为它们从地下吸收水分，并对其中的化学物质做出反应。可知从这篇
文章中，我们可以学到这一点。植物善于对环境作出反应。故选B。（4）D.细节判断题。根据The scientists believe
that in the future，such systems could give farmers detailed info
rmation about the health of the land water on their farms.科学家们相信，
在未来，这样的系统可以为农民提供关于他们农场土地水健康的详细信息。可推测，我们能从这篇文章中推断出科学家们将把纳米技术用于其他实际
用途。故选D。（4）A..标题判断题。根据The scientists believe that in the future，su
ch systems could give farmers detailed information about the heal
th of the land water on their farms.可知，科学家们相信，在未来，这样的系统可以为农民提供关于他
们农场土地水健康的详细信息。所以植物的新能力有助于改善农业可能是这篇文章最好的标题。故选A。【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上
的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的
现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。12．【分析】一项新的评估显示，由于新冠肺炎的流行，儿
童和青少年已经被隔离了数周甚至数月，从短期和长期来看，这可能会影响他们的心理健康，但家长、监护人、学校工作人员和心理健康专业人员都
可以提供帮助。《美国儿童与青少年精神病学学会杂志》对83篇文章进行了系统的回顾，发现孤独与儿童的抑郁和焦虑有关，而那些感到孤独时间
较长的人可能会受到更大的影响。Loades说，有证据表明，培养一种新的爱好可以帮助年轻人减少孤独感。【解答】（1）C.词义猜测题。
根据Children and teenagers have been isolated for weeks and even mo
nths due to the COVID﹣19 pandemic，and it will likely upset their
mental health both in the short and long term，according to a new
review，but parents，guardians，school staff，and mental health profe
ssionals can all help.一项新的评估显示，由于新冠肺炎的流行，儿童和青少年已经被隔离了数周甚至数月，从短期和长
期来看，这可能会影响他们的心理健康，但家长、监护人、学校工作人员和心理健康专业人员都可以提供帮助。根据上下文可推测可知，第一段中带
下划线的单词"upset"可能是影响的意思。故选C。（2）B.细节理解题。根据School closures，which coul
d lead to isolation，could also increase risk of anxiety and depre
ssion.学校关闭可能导致隔离，也可能增加焦虑和抑郁的风险。可知，根据前五段，孩子们的孤独会带来抑郁和焦虑。故选B。（3）A.推
理判断题。根据文Parents，guardians，and school staff should take away two k
ey points from the review，according to Anthony Puliafico，PhD.Firs
t，that social connection is important for children''s development，
and children should regularly socialize in safe ways during the p
andemic.Second，"We need to balance measures to minimize COVID﹣19
spread with actions to support our children''s socioemotional heal
th，" Puliafico says.根据Anthony Puliafico博士的说法，家长、监护人和学校工作人员应该从审查中剔
除两个关键点。第一，社会联系对儿童的发展很重要，儿童应该在流感大流行期间以安全的方式定期社交。第二Puliafico说："我们需要
在减少新冠病毒传播的措施与支持我们孩子的社会情绪健康的行动之间取得平衡。"。可推断，专家建议家长或老师应该平衡孩子的学业和社交生活
。故选A。（4）B.主旨大意题。根据Loades says，adding that there''s also evidence t
hat taking up a new hobby could help young people feel less lonel
y.可知，Loades说，还有证据表明，培养一种新的爱好可以帮助年轻人减少孤独感。所以作者想告诉我们孩子们孤独时需要培养新的爱好。
故选B。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再
次阅读并检查。13．【分析】描述了作者和一位朋友去喝咖啡，但有两个人点了五杯咖啡，喝了两杯，另外三杯待用，作者不明白什么是待用咖啡
。不一会来了一位像乞丐的人点了一杯饮用待用咖啡，明白了待用咖啡是为那些付不起钱的人准备的，与此同时，我明白了待用待用咖啡不仅仅是一
杯咖啡，而且是送给需要帮助的人的温暖和爱。【解答】（1）C.细节理解题，根据two young men came in and b
egan to order，"Five cups of coffee，please.两个年轻人走了进来，开始点菜："请给我五杯咖啡
。可知点了5杯咖啡，故选C。（2）D.细节理解题，根据Suddenly a poor man like a beggar（乞丐）
came into the coffee house.He kindly ordered a suspended coffee a
nd sat there to drink it.突然，一个像乞丐一样的穷人走进了咖啡馆。他亲切地点了一杯待用咖啡，坐在那里喝。可
知是一个贫穷的人喝了待用咖啡，故选D。（3）B.细节理解题，根据The tradition with the suspended
coffees started in Italy.可知，待用咖啡的传统始于意大利。故选B。（4）C.主旨大意题，根据Meanwhi
le，I understood suspended coffee is not only a cup of coffee，buta
lso the warmth and love to someone in need.同时，我明白了待用咖啡不仅仅是一杯咖啡，更是
对需要帮助的人的温暖和爱。可知作者想告诉我们帮助有需要的人。故选C。【点评】本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题
时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的
答案。14．【分析】全文都在描述宇航员在太空中的生活情况，如吃什么、喝什么等，本文向我们展示宇航员在太空中的生活。【解答】（1）D
.细节理解题。根据The students were excited about the program and about as
king the astronauts and the other speaker questions about how the
astronauts clean the ISS，which freeze﹣dried foods taste best and
the most surprising things about living on the station.学生们对这个项目感
到兴奋，并询问了宇航员和另一个演讲者有关宇航员如何清洁国际空间站的问题。在空间站生活，哪些冻干食品味道最好，在太空站生活最令人惊奇
的事情是什么。结合文章可知，从第二段到第四段都在描述学生们对宇航员在太空中的生活充满好奇和疑问，通过节目学生们和宇航员进行交流，从
而激励他们对宇航员生活的兴趣。故选D。（2）B.细节理解题。根据Evan McKiernan asked what it''s li
ke to drink water on the station given that human urine is recyc
led on the ISS. "We don''t think about it too much." Lindgren sai
d."In fact，the water tastes great﹣﹣﹣it tastes like fresh water."
埃文?麦基尔南（Evan McKiernan）问，鉴于人类尿液在国际空间站被回收，在空间站喝水是什么感觉。林德格伦说："我们不想太
多。"事实上，水的味道很好——它尝起来像淡水。可知，根据文章，宇航员们对国际空间站提供给他们的水，他们并不介意引用回收后的水。故选
B。（3）B.主旨大意题。根据The two space explorers floated on the video scree
n as they listened to the questions，and occasionally flipped thei
r bodies even to show the students the danger of living in a zero
﹣gravity environment.两名太空探险家一边听问题一边在视频屏幕上漂浮，偶尔还会翻转身体，甚至向学生们展示生活在零
重力环境中的危险环境。结合文章可知，全文都在描述宇航员在太空中的生活情况，如吃什么、喝什么等，可以推断本文的写作目的是为了向我们展
示宇航员在太空中的生活。故选B。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合
原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。15．【分析】本文叙述了"人如其食"，一个人吃的东西会反应在一个人的身上．本文介绍的是爱吃甜
食的人的一些特征：爱吃甜食的人更友好、爱吃甜食的人更喜欢当志愿者．甜食虽然容易使人发胖，但它也是使人们友好、助人的有效方式．【解答
】（1）D 代词指代题．the sweet food甜食；the eating habit饮食习惯；the American te
am美国队；the English saying英文谚语．根据画线词所在上文"There is a famous English
saying ‘You are what you eat''，and it means what you put in your m
outh will become part of you．"提到一句英语谚语"人如其食"，结合画线词所在句含义"许多专家用它来告诉
人们有一个好的饮食习惯很重要．"可知此处it指代上文中的英语谚语．故选D．（2）D 细节理解题．overweight超重；exci
ted兴奋的；relaxed放松的；friendly友好的．根据第3段中"According to their answers，t
he scientists found that the students who liked sweet food were n
icer．"可知科学家发现喜欢吃甜食的人更友好．故选D．（3）C 细节理解题．根据第3段中"In one of their exp
eriments，college students were asked questions about their charac
ter"可知大学生被问的问题是关于他们的性格而非关于未来，A项错误；根据第3段中"Then they were asked to
make a list of their favorite food．"可知科学家让大学生们列出自己最喜欢的食物，B项错误；根据第
4段中"For example，people with a sweet tooth were more likely to vol
unteer to clean up their city，visit sick children in the hospital
and so on．"可知喜欢吃甜食的人更愿意帮助别人，C项正确；根据最后一段中"The result of the exper
iments is that people''s helpfulness or being nice has something t
o do with their taste for sweet food．"可知人们乐于助人或表现友善与他们喜欢吃甜食有关，D项错
误．故选C．【点评】题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也
是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．16．【分析】这篇短文讲述家长在带孩子出去吃饭时，孩子们很不开心．因为除了
等待没有可做的事情，尽管有些快餐店提供孩子们游玩的区域，但是并不是所有的饭店都有这项服务．因此，作者呼吁餐馆应该为孩子们提供娱乐的
区域．【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据第三段最后Again， the children must wait． They have
been in school all day and would rather be running and playing．
Instead， they must sit in a chair and stare at a wall．可知，在餐馆里吃饭的孩
子除了等什么也做不了．故选C．（2）B．细节理解题．第五段提到：当家人去吃大餐时，并没有供孩子娱乐的区域．以及第六段第一行are
there any nicer restaurants with play areas for kids？可知不是所有的好点的饭店
都提供娱乐区域．故选B．（3）D．推理判断题．根据最后一段第一行So， it''s possible for a restauran
t to provide both food and a place where kids can play，可知，餐馆既提供食物
又提供孩子们玩耍的地方是可能的，选D．（4）C．主旨大意题．根据第一段Nearly all kids have had the s
ame experience至最后一段，可知，本文主要讲述家长在带孩子出去吃饭时，孩子们除了等待没有可做的事情．所以餐馆应该设法为
孩子们提供一些区域．故选C．【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出
答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．17．【分析】本文主要讲述了一个咖啡店的老板Manyang Kher来源于难民，现在用挣到的钱服务
于难民的故事．【解答】（1）B 细节理解题．根据第2段中"When he was three years old，his vill
age was burnt in the war．He was separated from his parents and ne
ver saw them again．"可知是因为他的村庄在战争中被烧毁了．故选B．（2）C 细节理解题．根据第3段中"When
he was 16，Kher went to the United States．While he was in college，
he started a program to help the refugees．"可知他开始了一个帮助难民的项目．故选C．（3
）B 推理判断题．根据最后一段中"Kher sells the coffee online and to coffee store
s．"可知Kher既在线上卖咖啡，也卖给咖啡店，A项正确；根据第4段中"Eighty percent of the money m
ade by the coffee company is used to send more of the children to
school"可知卖咖啡赚的百分之八十的钱被用于送更多的孩子去上学，由此可推出当你享受734咖啡公司的咖啡时也是在帮助难民，B项
正确；根据最后一段中"Megan Murphy owns a coffee store in Washington，D．C．She
serves 734 coffee in her store and people love it．The coffee tas
tes delicious，so it''s a win﹣win on both sides．"可知说的是734咖啡尝起来很美味，并
非来自Megan Murphy店里的咖啡都尝起来美味，C项错误；文中并未提到Megan Murphy是难民，D项错误．题目问我们能
从文中推断出什么，A项是可以直接得出的信息，排除．故选B．【点评】题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句
进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．18．【分析】现如今，电影和
电视上超级英雄非常常见．但是，一项研究表明，这些超级英雄电影中缺少一个东西，那就是"女英雄"．作者针对是否要有更多的女英雄进行了讨
论．【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．A．The study was done by Men''s Media Center and B
BC．这项研究是由"男士媒体中心"和BBC做的．由文章内容"The study was done by two groups．On
e is the Women''s Media Center．The other is BBC America．"可知，是由女士媒体
中心而不是男士媒体中心，故A错误．B．There are enough women superheroes in entertai
nment．娱乐界有足够的女超级英雄．由文章内容"The study shows that most girls feel the
re are not enough female role models in entertainment（娱乐）．"可知，大多数
女生感觉没有足够的女英雄，故B错误．C．Julie Burton believes TV and movies need to m
ake changes．朱莉?伯顿认为电视和电影需要做出改变．由文章内容"She said TV and movies had t
o make changes．"可知，她认为需要改变，故C正确．D．More than 2，000 kids aged from
10 to 19 took part in the study．超过2000名10到19岁的孩子参加了这项研究．由文章内容"Mor
e than 2，000 people took part in the study．Some were kids aged fr
om 10 to 19．"可知，是超过2000人参加，而不是超过2000名孩子，故D错误．故选C．（2）B．句意理解题．Maybe
that is because seeing male superheroes is pretty common．Female
superheroes are rarer．可能是因为看见男性英雄是很常见的，女性英雄更加少见．可知，与女性相比，有更多的机会看到
男性超级英雄．故选B．（3）B．细节理解题．根据"The goal is to improve how women are sho
wn in entertainment．"可知，目标是改善女性在娱乐节目中的表现．故选B．（4）C．标题归纳题．根据The new
study says kids want to see more superheroes who are women．结合下文可
知短文主要讲述了的是越来越多的人想要在电视上看到女英雄而提出的讨论，即是否要有更多的女英雄，故选C．【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅
速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破．掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原
文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，便可得出答案．19．【分析】现如今基本每个人都知道谷歌是一个搜索引擎，它从建立之初不断地完善，成为世界上
最大的搜索引擎．【解答】（1）A．推理判断题．根据"Google''s homepage was，and still is，clea
n．"可知，不只是谷歌搜索结果，而且它的简介的页面使得谷歌非常受欢迎，故选A．（2）A．推理判断题．根据"So how did G
oogle overtake（超过）their competitors who had such huge leads in ti
me and money？Maybe one good idea made all the difference．"可知，本文主要
讲述了谷歌是如何打败它的对手，成为一个伟大的公司的，故选A．（3）D．段落大意题．根据"Google was the first
search engine that began considering links…They would soon become
the world''s most used search engine"可知，第四段主要讲述谷歌是第一个考虑链接的公司，最终成为
世界上使用最多的搜索引擎，故选D．（4）B．标题归纳题．根据主题句 So how did Google overtake（超过）t
heir competitors who had such huge leads in time and money？Maybe
one good idea made all the difference．结合上下文可知短文讲述了谷歌是如何打败它的对手，成为世
界上最大的搜索引擎，故选B．【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破．掌握全文的大意之后
，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，便可得出答案．20．【分析】本文讲了Jaime
在参加他女儿的学校演出时，误把校长说的"Let''s give the school staff a hand"理解为他们需要帮助的
故事．【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．题目问为什么Jaime和他的妻子早早地来到了演出现场，根据第二段"Jaime and his
wife made sure to arrive early so that they could get a good seat
to watch the show．"可知，他们要得到好的座位以观看演出，故选C．（2）A．细节理解题．题目意为Jaime以为"
giving someone a hand"的含义是_____，根据第三段"He knew that when people sa
id "to give someone a hand" they meant they needed help．"可知Jaime认
为是帮助别人，故选A．（3）B．推理判断题．题目问从文中我们学到了什么，根据第三段Jaime always wanted to h
elp， especially at his daughter''s school． Jaime thought maybe the
y needed help backstage．可知Jaime总想帮助别人，因此判断他是一个热心的人．故选B．【点评】阅读全文，理
解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查．21．【分析】
本文主要讲了货币的发展，刚开始时人们用物物交换，后来产生了金属形式的货币，渐渐地又使用纸币．【解答】（1）A．细节理解题．题目问货
币发展的正确顺序是哪一个，根据第二、三、四、五、六段This was called "bartering"．There were
many earlier forms of money，such as cattle，salt，grain（谷物）and shel
ls．So coins began to take the place of things．About three hundred
years ago，paper money came into wider use．Cashless payment（无现金支付
）has come into our lives and changed our world．可知正确的顺序是：物物交换，牛皮、盐
、谷物和贝壳，硬币，纸币，无现金支付．故选A．（2）C．细节理解题．题目问从文中我们可以学到什么，根据第五段"Now people
use paper money and coins in most countries．"可知，大多数国家使用纸币和硬币，即纸币
和硬币在世界很受欢迎，故选C．（3）D．推理判断题．题目问作者在最后一段想要告诉我们什么，根据最后一段"Now，centuries
later，analysts（分析家）believe that China may soon become the first
cashless society．"可知专家相信中国可能成为第一个无现金支付的国家．因此推断无现金支付是货币发展的新阶段，故选D．
【点评】阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并
检查．22．【分析】本文主要讲不同的文化背景的人对美有着不同的看法，互联网使人们更容易和大家分享不同的美．【解答】（1）C．推断题
．根据The Internet has also made it easier for people to share diffe
rent types of beauty since people are always posting pictures on
social media．由于人们总是在社交媒体上发布图片，因此互联网也使人们更轻松地共享不同类型的美丽．可知是科技的发展让人们容
易分享美的观点．故选C．（2）D．词意推断题．根据 In Kenya，it is a tradition among the Ma
sai men and women to pierce and then make their ear lobes （耳垂） lo
nger using ivory and wood or stones．在肯尼亚，马赛族男女之间的传统是pierce，然后用象牙，
木头或石头使它们的耳垂更长．可推知是"弄一个洞"的意思．故选D．（3）B．细节理解题．根据This is a common pra
ctice since longer ear lobes are seen as a sign of beauty．这是常见的做法
，因为更长的耳垂被视为美丽的标志．故选B．（4）B．主旨大意题．根据However，since we now live in a
worldwide society，people''s views about beauty are always changing
．With the help of the Internet，people are now able to easily borr
ow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out．So what new f
ashions can we expect to see in the future？但是，由于我们现在生活在一个世界社会中，所以
人们对美的看法总是在变化．在互联网的帮助下，人们现在可以轻松地借鉴其他文化的想法来帮助他们脱颖而出．那么，我们可以期待将来看到什么
新时尚？可知本文主要是在讲人们对于美的看法在一直发生改变．故选B．【点评】从问题和选项入手，在问题和选项中找出关键词，了解文章大概
，带着问题有针对性的到文章找答案．23．【分析】本文主要是讲身体的感觉与情感的变化有什么关系．【解答】（1）D．细节理解题．根据
The physical sensation（感觉）of warmth encourages emotional （情感的） wa
rmth，while a cold drink in hand stops you from making unwise deci
sions﹣those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent rese
arch by psychologist John A．Bargh．温暖的身体感觉促进情感的温暖，而手头的冷饮阻止您做出不明智的决
定﹣这些是心理学家John A．Bargh的最新研究得出的实际教训．可知一个人的情感可能会受到物理感受冷的影响．故选D．（2）C．
细节理解题．根据．Harlow''s work and later studies have led psychologists t
o stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to he
lp young children grow into healthy adults with normal social ski
lls．哈洛（Harlow）的工作和后来的研究使心理学家强调护理人员需要进行温暖的身体接触，以帮助幼儿成长为具有正常社交技能的健康
成年人．可知Harlow的研究展示了婴儿需要温暖的身体接触．故选C．（3）B．推断题．根据Those who had briefl
y held the warm drink regarded the assistant as warmer than those
who had held the iced drink．与喝冰镇饮料的人相比，短暂喝过热饮的人会认为助理更暖心．由此可推知体温会
影响我们如何看待其他人．故选B．（4）B．主旨大意题．根据The physical sensation（感觉）of warmth
encourages emotional （情感的） warmth，while a cold drink in hand stop
s you from making unwise decisions﹣those are the practical lesson
being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A．Bargh．温暖
的身体感觉促进情感的温暖，而手头的冷饮阻止您做出不明智的决定﹣这些是心理学家John A．Bargh的最新研究得出的实际教训．可知
本文主要是讲身体的感觉与情感的关系．故选"身体的感觉和情感"为题合适．故选B．【点评】从问题和选项入手，在问题和选项中找出关键词，
了解文章大概，带着问题有针对性的到文章找答案．24．【分析】本文是三个人在美国的一个三周的学习中的自我介绍．【解答】本题考查细节理
解题．41．A．结合 I am a university student可知Jee﹣Eun是一名大学生，故选A．42．C．结合 M
y family is in Chejudo，a large island in Korea可知Chejudo是韩国的一个岛屿，故
选C．43．B．结合 I am making a film about a family 可知是在制作一部有关家庭的电影，故选B．
44．B．结合 I am a pilot 可知是一名飞行员，故选B．【点评】先浏览所给的问题以及选择项，然后带着问题在通读原文的基
础上快速地找到答案，然后再回过头来检查一遍，确保万无一失．25．【分析】本文主要讲述了一些帮助快速与人交朋友的技能。【解答】（1）Yes，they can.细节判断题。根据 Here are several skills that good talkers have.If you use these skills，they will help you make friends with people quickly.可知以下是健谈者所具备的几项技能。如果你运用这些技能，他们将帮助你快速与人交朋友。故答案为Yes，they can.（2）What they did in the morning.细节理解题。根据At business lunches，I always ask people what they did in the morning.可知在商务午餐会上，我总是问人们早上做了什么。故答案为What they did in the morning.（3）They usually listen carefully.细节理解题。根据They usually listen carefully so that they can tell what kind of person they are talking to.可知他们通常会仔细倾听，以便知道他们在和什么样的人交谈。故答案为They usually listen carefully.（4）Change the topic.细节理解题。根据If the voice sounds boring，it''s time for you to change the topic.可知如果这个声音听起来很无聊，那么是时候改变话题了。故答案为Change the topic.（5）Some skills about helping you make friends with people.标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据 Here are several skills that good talkers have.If you use these skills，they will help you make friends with people quickly.以下是健谈者所具备的几项技能。如果你运用这些技能，他们将帮助你快速与人交朋友。以及结合全文可知本文主要讲述了一些帮助快速与人交朋友的技能。故答案为Some skills about helping you make friends with people.【点评】题目要求根据短文内容回答问题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、从文中提取信息的能力及归纳概括能力．做题时，要根据不同的题型分情况作答。26．【分析】本文主要讲述了导致青少年有压力的一些原因。【解答】（1）Three.总结归纳题。根据 Families can be one of the biggest causes（原因）of stress，家庭可能是压力最大的原因之一；Teenagers also have a lot of stress from school，either from their teachers or from their friends.青少年也有很多来自学校的压力，无论是来自老师还是朋友。The stress about getting a job when finishing school is another cause of stress for some teenagers.对于一些青少年来说，毕业后找工作的压力是另一个造成压力的原因；可知文中提到了三种导致压力的原因。故答案为Three.（2）There are problems with parents arguing at home，or problems with brothers and sisters.细节理解题。根据such as problems with parents arguing（争吵）at home，or problems with brothers and sisters.可知比如父母在家里争吵的问题，或与兄弟姐妹的问题。故答案为There are problems with parents arguing at home，or problems with brothers and sisters.（3）Because there are so many young people finishing school and not enough jobs for them.细节理解题。根据because there are so many young people finishing school and not enough jobs for them.可知因为有太多的年轻人毕业，没有足够的工作提供给他们。故答案为Because there are so many young people finishing school and not enough jobs for them.（4）Talking to people .细节理解题。根据Talking to people is one of the best ways to deal with stress.可知与人交谈是处理压力的最佳方法之一。故答案为Talking to people .（5）Some causes of stress from the lives of teenagers.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据Families can be one of the biggest causes（原因）of stress，家庭可能是压力最大的原因之一；Teenagers also have a lot of stress from school，either from their teachers or from their friends.青少年也有很多来自学校的压力，无论是来自老师还是朋友。The stress about getting a job when finishing school is another cause of stress for some teenagers.对于一些青少年来说，毕业后找工作的压力是另一个造成压力的原因；可知本文主要讲述了一些导致青少年有压力的一些原因。故答案为Some causes of stress from the lives of teenagers.【点评】题目要求根据短文内容回答问题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、从文中提取信息的能力及归纳概括能力．做题时，要根据不同的题型分情况作答。27．【分析】这篇文章主要讲美国专家对健康生活方式提出一些建议。【解答】（1）By riding a bike or walking to places instead of driving.细节理解题。根据 Get active.Ride a bike or walk to places\instead of driving.可知，活跃起来。骑自行车或步行去某地\而不是开车。可知骑自行车或者步行去某个地方而不是开车能让我们活跃起来。故填By riding a bike or walking to places instead of driving。（2）A well﹣balanced meal is made of protein，grains，vegetables，and fruit.细节理解题。根据Eat a well﹣balanced meal made of protein，grains，vegetables，and fruit.可知，吃一顿由蛋白质、谷物、蔬菜和水果组成的均衡膳食。可知，均衡膳食由蛋白质、谷物、蔬菜和水果组成。故填 A well﹣balanced meal is made of protein，grains，vegetables，and fruit.（3）Twice a week .细节理解题。根据Eat meat infrequently.Twice a week is chough.可知，不常吃肉。每周两次是最好的。所以为了保持健康，我们应该每周吃肉两次。故填Twice a week .（4）Experts in the United States have some suggestions for living a healthier lifestyle.主旨大意题。根据Experts in the United States have the following suggestions for living a healthier lifestyle：可知，美国专家对健康生活方式提出以下建议。结合文章内容，这篇文章主要讲美国专家对健康生活方式提出一些建议。故填Experts in the United States have some suggestions for living a healthier lifestyle。【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。28．【分析】你可能认为发明远离你的日常生活。但事实上，大多数人都可以发明。只是他们不知道他们的想法可能是发明的开始。文章告诉我们如何发明东西，并鼓励我们找到解决问题的方法。【解答】（1）Yes.细节判断题。根据But in fact，most people can invent.可知，但事实上，大多数人都可以发明。故答案为Yes。（2）In 1866.细节理解题。根据So，in 1886，she started to make one for herself.因此，在1886年，她开始为自己制作一个。可知，科克伦1866年开始制造洗碗机的。故答案为In 1866。（3）By thinking about it in a new way.细节理解题。根据You can often come up with a solution for a problem by thinking about it in a new way.可知，你通常可以通过以新的方式思考问题来找到解决方案。所以我们用一种新的方式来思考才能经常想出一个解决问题的办法。故答案为By thinking about it in a new way。（4）Coming up with a problem and finding a solution.细节理解题。根据And the hardest part of inventing，even for a lot of inventors，is coming up with a problem and finding a solution.可知，即使对很多发明家来说，发明最困难的部分是提出问题并找到解决方案。所以对于发明家来说，发明最困难的部分是提出问题并找到解决方案。故答案为Coming up with a problem and finding a solution。（5）To tell us how to invent things and encourage us to find a solution fora problem.主旨大意题。根据 This problem﹣solving method can also work in your everyday hives.So，why not try it in your studies，in your relation with others，or even in the way you took at the world？可知，这种解决问题的方法也适用于你的日常生活。那么，为什么不在你的学习中、在你与他人的关系中，甚至在你对待世界的方式中尝试一下呢？所以作者想告诉我们如何发明东西，并鼓励我们找到解决问题的方法。故答案为To tell us how to invent things and encourage us to find a solution fora problem。【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。29．【分析】本文通过一个小故事向我们展示了人生的道理．一个农民可以控制天气，在他控制之下，农作物没有收成，告诉我们，人生和庄稼一样，要经过风雨才能有收获．【解答】（1）Yes， he was．细节理解题．根据第一段"Joe was a farmer．"可知，他是一个农民．故答案为：Yes， he was．（2）Because he would control all kinds of weather．细节理解题．根据第三段"God told him that he would control all kinds of weather． "Let''s see what your crops will grow like．" God said． On hearing this， Joe was excited"可知，当听到他可以控制天气的时候，他很激动．故答案为：Because he would control all kinds of weather．（3）Sunny and rainy weather/days．细节理解题．根据第五段"Sunny!" Suddenly the clouds went away． He was pleased and shouted again， "Rainy!""可知，他要求晴天和雨天．故答案为：Sunny and rainy days．（4）Only through life''s challenges would we reap the fruit of life．主旨大意题．根据最后一段"It turned out that only through life''s challenges would we reap（收获）the fruit of life．" 事实证明，只有通过生活的挑战，我们才能收获生活的果实．故答案为：Only through life''s challenges would we reap the fruit of life．【点评】本文比较简单，所有的答案均可以在文章找出．但同学们在自己做题的过程中，找到答案时，将原文内容和问题进行比对，要看清楚问题的内容，比如第1小题，是一般疑问句，回答为yes或no，学生不要照抄原文，造成错误．30．【分析】这篇文章主要讲述了英国人喜欢DIY，自己动手做东西，例如自己粉刷墙壁等．DIY可以给人带来很多乐趣，并节约钱．但有些DIY是很难的，而且有些很危险，在DIY时我们要量力而行，注意安全．【解答】细节理解题（1）Yes．根据句子DIY， which means Do It Yourself， is quite popular in UK可知，DIY在英国是非常受欢迎，故答案为Yes．（2）By making their homes beautiful "castles"．根据句子Lots of people spend their holidays making their homes beautiful "castles"可知，很多英国人通过让他们的家变成美丽的城堡来度过他们的假期，故答案为By making their homes beautiful "castles"．（3）Their friends．根据句子They share DIY experiences with their friends可知，人们跟朋友分享他们自己动手的经验，故答案为Their friends．（4）Over 230，000 people．根据句子It is reported that in just one year over 230，000 people were hurt while doing DIY in UK可知，每年英国自己动手的时候，超过23万人受伤，故答案为Over 230，000 people．（5）Because DIY can bring people fun and help them save money．根据句子Therefore， DIY can bring us fun and help us save money可知，英国人喜欢DIY是因为DIY能给人们带来乐趣且帮助他们省钱，故答案为Because DIY can bring people fun and help them save money．【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速地浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破．掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息． 1 / 1