英语练习卷考生注意：考试商间120分钟，试卷满分140分。本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择 题）在答题纸上
,做在试卷上一律不得分。务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 I. Listening Compr
ehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten shor
t conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversa
tion, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversat
ions and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
conversation and the question about it, read the four possible a
nswers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to
the question you have heard.1.A. At the travel agency.C. At the m
useum.B. At the shopping mall.D. At the lecture hall.2.Its plug i
s missing.It has got out of paper.It isn''t connected to the power
.It is not put in the right position.3.A. Boss and employee.B. Co
lleagues.C. Policeman and prisoner.D. Classmates.4.She failed the
driving test in the past.She can''t believe the man foiled.The ma
n should have practiced more.The man should forget about the test
.A. He thinks highly of it.He doesn''t like it.It lasts too long.I
ts content is not good.A. Eight weeks is not a problem for him.Al
l the specialists are fully booked.The good specialist is worth t
he wait.His back problem is not very serious.A. The library won''t
be open as previously scheduled.The library is believed to be be
yond repair.The repair work didn''t start from the 25th of May.The
repair work should have been planned earlier.A. The woman should
stick with her current job.The woman should take the new job ofl
er.The woman should be prepared to work extra hours.The woman sho
uld stop complaining about her job.A. The man is determined to ha
ve a break this weekend.The man is hesitant over whether to have
a break or not.Both of them are under pressure and deserve a brea
k.Neither of them will enjoy a stress-free weekend.A. He tends to
understate the difficulty.He likes to make empty promises.He is
passionate about extreme sports.He hates to stretch the truth.Sec
tion BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages
and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questi
ons on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages an
d the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be
spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possibl
e answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best an
swer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are
based on the following passage.A. Try not to think of a polar bea
r.Try to pose as a polar bear.Stop thinking about their feet.Obse
rve themselves for a few minutes.A. Those who were informed of th
e purpose of the experiment.Those who were told to think of white
bears on purpose.Those who were shown pictures of white bears at
intervals.Those who were asked not to think of a white bear from
the beginning.A. There will be greater chance of us controlling
the thoughts.Old doubts will be more likely to come to the surfac
e.We will be able to get rid of negative thoughts.We will be both
ered more likely by the thoughts.Questions 14 through 16 are base
d on the following passage.A. By using a special type of liquid.B
y absorbing the heat from the ceiling.By fixing a device on the i
nside coating.By removing pressure from the pipes.A. It has succe
ssfully achieved zero-carbon emission.Renewable energy is used th
ere to power lights and heating.It is able to supply all the heat
ing in the area of Glasgow.It attracts professional dancers to ha
ve a great time there.A. A new machine to transform heat energy.A
revolutionary battery that stores heat.An innovative project cal
led Bodyheat.A global discussion on fighting climate change.Quest
ions 17 through 20 are based on the fallowing conversation,A. A p
hone with an up-to-date operating system.A new model with a diffe
rent size and color.A model that has the longest-lasting battery.
A phone with an automatic filming function.A. It may not be as ef
ficient as the old one.It takes much time to get used to a new ph
one.She can''t afford to buy a new phone.She doesn''t like the new
applications.A. Their phones are regularly updated.They are both
interested in digital technology.They both had data stolen from t
he phones.Their old phones were bought about 2 years ago.A. Impro
ving productivity at work.Enlarging the phone storage.Buying a ne
w smartphone.Increasing phone security.II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the
blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. F
or the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the prop
er form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word tha
t best fits each blank.It''s OK Not to Be OKEvery now and then, yo
u are probably told not to give up when things get difficult. But
at what point can we feel that it''s OK to give up? Sometimes, gi
ving up can be a thoughtful and brave decision. If you feel like
you have the weight of the world on your shoulders and it is hold
ing (21) down, find a way to take a break. (22) (remember) that
you can always give up when you hit your limit and start over whe
n you feel ready again.Simone Biles, with a (23) (combine) total
of 32 Olympic and World Championship medals, got a case of the "t
wisties” at the Olympics in Tokyo last year. This means that when
doing flips (空翻)or twists, the world''s greatest gymnast had a ha
rd time figuring out (24) the ground was. So, she told the world
she wasn''t going to compete (25) she knew her limits. If she had
pushed herself at all costs, she might have ended up with a lifel
ong injury. Instead, she knew when (26) (tell) people she wasn''t
OK.As a four-time Grand Slam winner at the age of 23, the Japane
se tennis player Naomi Osaka (27) (drop) out of the 2021 French O
pen. She announced that she needed a break (28) the spotlight to
work on her mental health. In a TIME magazine interview before th
e Olympics, she said, "I do hope that people (29) relate and und
erstand it''s OK to not be OK, and it''s OK to talk about it. There
are people (30) experiences are inspiring, and there is usually
light at the end of any tunnel."Section BDirections: Fill in each
blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be u
sed only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.jus
tify B. trend C. theory D. restricted E. diversifying F. obviousl
y G. termed H. climate L suddenly J. seeking K. evidentThe Lipsti
ck EffectIn 2020, the world was plunged into an economic downturn
as the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures to businesse
s. Under these circumstances, millions of people (31) found thems
elves facing financial insecurity. During such times of economic
hardship, one may naturally expect that consumer markets will see
a decline in expenditure, as people everywhere feel (32) to maki
ng only “essential” purchases. However, a curious phenomenon know
n as the Tipstick effect” can often be observed.The lipstick effe
ct refers to the phenomenon of consumers spending on small luxury
goods even when an economic depression occurs. This phenomenon w
as (33) the Tipstick effect" in 2001 by Leonard Lauder, chairman
of luxury cosmetic company Estee Lauder. He had not only witness
ed the phenomenon at work but also realized that it was especiall
y (34) in the case of lipstick and other cosmetic products.So, ho
w exactly do consumers who are short of cash (35) making such pur
chases? First and perhaps most (36) , consumers may simply wish t
o give themselves treats now and again to provide distractions fr
om their financial insecurity. Another (37) has to do with labo
ur markets. Specifically, during the economic depression job seek
ing tends to become more competitive. Thus, people (38) employme
nt may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to impr
ove their physical appearance. By using products such as lipstick
, they may feel more confident during job interviews.Whatever the
causes of the lipstick effect, this phenomenon is no short-lived
(39) . During the global depression of2007-2009, sales of cosme
tic in the United States increased by around 5%, Based on such da
ta, it seems that even in the current insecure economic (40) , th
e luxury cosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around.R
eading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the f
ollowing passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C a
nd D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits t
he context.The human memory is phenomenally strong. It also has a
habit of getting things badly wrong. According to Jonathan Hanco
ck, our memory expert, faulty memories can be (41) revealing.Just
last week, (42) , my wife and I were discussing how we''d chosen
our youngest son''s name. I had a (43) memory of us writing out a
list of possible names, but stopping after just a few because we''
d spotted one we both loved.My wife (44) . In her memory, we''d ha
d a much longer list, and gone back and chosen one from the middl
e of the list.So we dug out the piece of paper we''d used - and fo
und that we''d actually done something completely (45) to choose N
ate''s name.Memory mistakes happen on a larger scale, too. The "Ma
ndela Effect” is when lots of people have confident recollections
that turn out to be (46) . It was named by researchers who were
discussing their strong memories of Nelson Mandela''s death in pri
son— when he actually lived for 23 years after his (47) .There ar
e plenty of other examples of this phenomenon. If you''re sure tha
t you remember seeing the Monopoly Man wearing a spyglass, for in
stance, or hearing a wicked queen say "Mirror, mirror on the wall
,” you''ve (48) it yourself (he doesn''t, and she says, "Magic mirr
or on the wall” (49) ).So whafs going on? Well, for starters, mem
ory often works by (50) , and similar bits of information can ove
rlap in our brains. We''re also good at "filling in the blanks" wi
th details that are logical but untrue. Whafs more, whenever we r
un through a memory, we make it stronger~~ 51) any bits that were
wrong.But there 9s plenty of good news here, too.Everyone misrem
embers. We shouldn''t be too hard on ourselves when we make mistak
es. The mental associations that sometimes lead to (52) can also
help us to find information otherwise difficult to locate.If you''
re (53) _ with someone''s name, try thinking of things youassociat
e with them, and see if your brain gets the push it needs.Discuss
ing your memories is great mental exercise. It highlights strengt
hs and weaknesses, and lets you learn tips from others.(54)memori
es often builds a much more accurate picture. That wascertainly t
rue for my wife and me.Make sure to remember that remembering is
a creative (55): mind-blowingly powerful, and also likely to make
mistakes.41.A. subsequentlyB. extremelyC. rarelyD. instantly42.A
. on the contraryB. for exampleC. in additionD. by the way43.A. f
aintB. smartC. painfulD. vivid44.A. inferredB. hesitatedC. confir
medD. disagreed45.A. differentB. subjectiveC. primitiveD. contrad
ictory46.A. wrongB. consistentC. substantialD. right47.A. rejecti
onB. releaseC. imprisonmentD. movement48.A. experiencedB. witness
edC. anticipatedD. spread49.A. thoughB. finallyC. insteadD. other
wise50.A. conservationB. separationC. facilitationD. association5
1.A. excludingB. regardingC. includingD. considering52.A. errorsB
. trialsC. factsD. data53.A. competingB. strugglingC. correspondi
ngD. exchanging54.A. AttainingB. BoostingC. PerceivingD. Comparin
g55. A. componentSection BB. phaseC. outcomeD. processDirections:
Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by s
everal questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there
are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits
best according to the information given in the passage you have j
ust read.(A)A rare 765-year-old gold coin found on farm land in D
evon in south-west England is expected to sell for up to half a m
illion pounds at auction. It is believed that the coin was made m
ore than 750 years ago, during the rule of the English King Henry
III. It is one of only eight known to exist.Featuring a picture
of King Henry III on one side and a cross and roses on the other,
the coin is around 2.5 centimetres across. It was made with gold
that came from north Africa. It was found in September last year
by a detectorist (someone who looks for items buried underground
using a metal detector) in Hemyock village. The detectorist had
no idea how rare the coin was until he posted a photo of it on so
cial media, where it was spotted by a history expert.The finder,
who doesn''t want to be named, was told to take the coin to the Br
itish Museum, where it was confirmed that the coin was very rare.
According to the law, the finder is allowed to keep it because i
t''s a single coin and not part of a bigger haul but he has decide
d to sell it. He told the BBC, “The coin was found in an unappeal
ing field and could quite easily have never been recovered. Now i
t is protected for future generations to eMoy.”The coin is especi
ally valuable because it was one of England''s first gold coins. T
he country''s coins were made of silver until King Henry III, who
ruled from 1216 until his death in 1272, introduced gold ones wit
h his picture on them.Professor David Carpenter at King''s College
London, has traced the coin back to a man called John de Hidon,
who was the lord of Hemyock Manor. Carpenter thinks the coin may
have fallen out of someone''s pocket 一 either de Hidon himself or
one of his staff.The correct order of the events that happened is
.①②③④⑤Ac.The value of the coin was confirmed.A coin was unearthe
d in the field.The coin was on display at the British Museum.The
coin was intended for sale.The coin caught the attention of a his
tory expert.①③②④B.②⑤①④②①⑤④③D.④②①③⑤Which of the following aspects
is mentioned about the coin?Its exhibition.B. Its significance.C.
Its preservation.D. Its distribution.The underlined word "haul”
in the third paragraph probably means .stolen or illegal thingsB.
imported goodsC. patented cultural itemsD. hidden mineral resour
cesWhich of the following may be the best title for the news stor
y?How to Discover Hidden TreasureA Coin Sold for MillionsHistory
Miraculously Repeats ItselfTreasure Hunter Strikes GoldGifts in W
ills could be the key to protectingthe future of human healthOur
experience of COVID-19 shows how suddenly a global health challen
ge can appear. As someone interested in science, you will underst
and that while nobody can predict what we will face next, we can
be certain that the future will bring many more threats to human
health.As Chair of the Medical Research Foundation - the charitab
le arm of the Medical Research Council-I have seen the incredible
impact that individuals who remember the Foundation in their Wil
ls can have on the future of our health and wellbeing here in the
UK. These gifts fund research and researchers which can have far
-reaching implications for human health.With a gift in your Will
you can play a key role in providing the science that will protec
t the health of future generations.Right now, the Foundation is f
unding research to tackle antimicrobial resistance, and investing
in researchers like Dr Myrsini Kaforou - who will make the fight
against antimicrobial resistance her life''s work.Without support
at the crucial early stages, researchers like Dr Kaforou can be
forced to abandon their passion and leave science altogether, wit
h an immeasurable loss to future human health.Gifts in Wills prov
ide the long term funding and security that allows the Foundation
to invest in projects like Dr Kaforou''s and lay the foundations
for quality research in years to come. Your Will can fund the rat
ional response to health challenges that medical science provides
.“As scientists, our duty is to secure the future of research for
the generations that follow/9Professor Fiona Watt, President of
the Medical Research Foundation and Executive Chair of the Medica
l Research Council.While we don''t know what the future holds for
human health in the UK, we do know that research, and the brillia
nt scientists driving thatresearch forward, are the key to meetin
g those challenges for years to come.But many of these scientists
rely on the generosity and foresight of fellow members of the pu
blic - people like you, who understand the power of science and a
re willing to leave a gift to medical research in their Wills. At
the Medical Research Foundation, over 90% of our voluntary incom
e comes from individuals who choose to include a gift in their Wi
ll- they are crucial in the Foundation''s ability to fund research
that will enable the next generation of scientists to make real
world discoveries in the future.A gift in your Will to the Medica
l Research Foundation is an excellent investment and will have a
lasting impact on science and on the future of human health in th
e UK.Get your free guide to supporting research In your Will.回釋回S
can this QR code to find out more-弋To request your free guide to
gifts in Wills fill in this form and return to Freepost, MEDICAL
RESEARCH FOUNDATION. You don''t need a stamp OR visitmedicalresear
chfoundation.org.uk/support-us/willsNameAddressPostcodeEmail addr
essMedical ResearchFoundation@ Roistered with We would like to co
ntact you from time to time with our latest news. Please tick her
e 口 REGULATOR you are haPPV for us t0 contact you via email. The
Medical Research Foundation does not share your personal informat
ion. You can unsubscribe at any time.Medical Research Foundation
is a charity registered in England and Wales (Reg. Charity No.113
8223).What can be learned about the Medical Research Foundation?I
t is a UK-based medical center for rare diseases.It is breaking g
round in tackling antimicrobial resistance.It is famous fbr train
ing next generations of scientists.It is a section of the Medical
Research Council.If Jenny would like to be kept informed of the
work of the Medical Research Foundation via email, she should .fi
ll in the form at the bottomscan the QR code on the rightclick th
e provided website linksend an email to the foundationThe whole p
age is devoted to .advocating one charitable agencyintroducing so
me brilliant scientistslaunching an appeal for donationsraising a
wareness of global health challengesChildren often learn new lang
uages more easily than adults do, but if s unclear why. Some theo
rize that grasping a language requires absorbing subtle patterns
unconsciously and that adults'' superior conscious reasoning is to
blame. New research suggests that, indeed, grown-ups might just
be too smart fbr their own good.For a recent study in the Journal
of Experimental Psychology: General, a group of Belgian adults a
t the same time read and heard strings of four made-up words （suc
h as "kieng nief siet hiem"）.Specific consonants （辅音）always appea
red at the beginning or end of a word if the word contained a cer
tain vowel （元音）.Participants next read the sequences aloud quickl
y. Their ability to avoid mistakes doing so indicated how well th
ey absorbed the consonant-vowel patterns.But before exposure to t
he new words, the participants had carried out a separate test: p
ressing keys to react to letters and numbers. Some got a much fas
ter, more mentally draining version of this test.Those who did th
e difficult version claimed greater mental exhaustion afterward -
but performed better on the following language task. The researc
hers assume that tired learners used less conscious analysis on t
he word rules: they were free to learn like a child.For a related
paper in the Proceedings of the Ncitioncdof Sciences USA , there
search team had English-speaking adults listen to streams of syll
ables （音节） secretly grouped into three-syllable 侦ords.” Later, th
ey played pairs of three-syllable units; one word in the pair cam
e from the stream, and one was a new combination. The participant
s guessed which word was familiar, then rated their confidence.In
one participant group, some had first done the original mentally
draining test. In another, some had received magnetic pulses to
interrupt activity in a brain area that previous research has lin
ked to executive control. In both groups, these measures improved
participants9 performance on the syllable task when they were un
sure about their answers, indicating unconscious analysis of spee
ch. Neuroscientist Michael Ullman, who was not involved in either
paper, likes that both the studies added to mental burden differ
ently and measured different skills. That''s really good in scienc
e because you''ve got evidences pointing to the same direction,” h
e says, adding that he would like to see higher language skills s
uch as grammar studied this way.The reason why some Belgians were
given a more difficult test before the languagetask was that .th
ey would have no time to prepare for the upcoming taskthey would
be too tired mentally to consciously analyze the rulesthey could
have something to refer to in the following taskthey might compar
e the difficulty level of the two tasksHow did the participants w
ho had received magnetic pulses do in the syllable task,compared
with those who hadn''t?They relied more upon conscious analysis.Th
ey identified more familiar combinations.They performed the task
less confidently.They were less able to control emotions.What can
be inferred from Michael Ullman''s remark?The research result is
not solid until grammar is included.Subconscious mind remains to
be explored in science.The outcomes of the two researches back ea
ch other up.More evidence is needed to back the claim of the two
papers.Which of the following conclusions will the research team
agree with?Human brain processes languages in multiple ways.Consc
ious analysis is the key to mastering a language.Increasing menta
l health improves one''s language.Reducing reasoning may help to l
earn a language.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully.
Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each
sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sent
ences than you need.One can''t help but wonder when new tech will
convey emotion through a virtual touch.Even with no training, 30
new study participants correctly matched the simulated touches to
the six situations 45 percent of the time.Sometimes a text or vi
deo call is not enough, and people in Salvato''s situation often l
ong for a way to send a loving touch or comforting squeeze from a
far.In the future, instead of just sending a <3 to a loved one by
phone or computer, adding a "touch emqji" might help us feel jus
t a little bit closer.Next, they used a machine-learning software
to select the movements that were most reliably part of each res
ponse."It''s a unique work that looks at how our social touch is d
elivered and then... how to reproduce it," says Gerling, a touch
researcher not involved in the study.Touching Emoji (表情符号)Distanc
ing amid the COVID-19 pandemic has made both physical and social
connections a touch more difficult to maintain. For Stanford Univ
ersity graduate student Millie Salvato, being apart from her moth
er on the opposite coast has proved challenging.(67) In a new s
tudy, she and her colleagues demonstrated a wearable sleeve that
can simulate (模拟)human touch and convey abstract social messages
sent electronically. Salvato and her team measured how 37 partici
pants expressed social information in different situations. In ea
ch test, one person wore a pressure-sensing device on an arm, and
another touched it to respond to situations involving six intend
ed meanings: attention seeking, gratitude, happiness, calming, lo
ve and sadness.After collecting 661 touch movements 一 squeezes, s
trokes, shakes, pokes, and the like 一 Salvato and her colleagues
mapped the location and pressure of each. (68) Finally, they pro
grammed a wearable sleeve to simulate these movements using eight
embedded disks that shake when electronically signaled.Tt doesn''
t feel like an actual human hand ... but it doesn''t feel like the
se separate motions either/9 Salvato says, as one might expect fr
om large moving disks. <6It feels nice, honestly/5 (69) For comp
arison, a previous study from Gerling''s laboratory found particip
ants could match situations fbr touches from real human hands 57
percent of the time.In the new study, T think it''s interesting th
at participants can reliably understand what touch has been deliv
ered to them at a pretty high rate, given the scarce amount of in
formation that they have available to them,” Gerling says.Previou
s research has found that social touch is important fbr physical
and mental health. (70) TV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the f
ollowing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) o
f the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as for
as possible.Should Hand Feeding Dolphins Be Encouraged?Some tour
ist centers train Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins to approach be
achside public sighting areas or boats by hand-feeding them small
amounts of fish every day. Because hand-fed males aggressively a
ttack each other over the food, putting themselves and nearby hum
ans in danger, tourist centers fbcus their hand feeding only on f
emale dolphins, says Valerie Senigaglia at Murdoch University in Perth, Australia.But recent studies have shown that only 38% of the calves (崽)of hand-fed wild dolphins survive to three years of age, which is much lower than the average 77% survival rate fbr wild calves in general. To better understand why, Senigaglia and her colleagues evaluated the social behavior of dolphins around the Bunbury coast in Western Australia. In particular, they observed the individual behavior and movement of 35 dolphins, including 13 that had been hand-fed using a small boat. They regularly followed each dolphin fbr periods lasting from 20 minutes to 3 hours for two years in a row for a total of 180 hours.They found that hand-fed dolphins swam in relatively large groups, but more readily broke away from them to join different ones. In general, they created weak ties with other group members. 6CYbu can feel lonely in a room full of people and it''s the same thing for dolphins/9 says Senigaglia. Free-swimming dolphins that are fed by hand become less socially involved with their peers. As a result, their calves may grow up lacking vital social skills — which could explain, at least in part, why they are twice as likely to die before reaching adulthood as wild calves generally.No wonder animal right activists are calling on the practice of hand-feeding dolphins to be stopped.V TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.项目化学习旨在培养学生解决实际问题的能力。(mean)有被讨厌的勇气是活得淋漓尽致的第一步。(courage)惊叹于中国工人把集装箱变成酒店房间的速度，锦标赛组织者称他们为魔术 师。(so...)在古代，二十四节气(the 24 solar terms)指导农民预测冷暖，春种秋收，如今 其魅力依然如故。(as ...as)VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学学生李华，你校英语广播站计划在每周五中午开设名为 "Talk and Talk"的栏目，目前正在招募主持人。请给广播站负责人Mr. Li写一封 信，应聘这一岗位。信中需包含以下内容：应聘的理由；专栏内容的策划。第#页，共11页 |
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