野性的呼唤第4节 重点词汇
Buck''s ?rst day on the Dyea beach was like a nightmare. Every?hour was ?lled
with shock and surprise. He had been suddenly jerked?from the heart of
civilization and ?ung into the heart of things?primordial. No lazy, sun-kissed life
was this, with nothing to do but?loaf and be bored. Here was neither peace, nor
rest, nor a moment''s?safety. All was confusion and action, and every moment life
and limb?were in peril. There was imperative need to be constantly alert;
for?these dogs and men were not town dogs and men. They were savages,?all of
them, who knew no law but the law of club and fang.
g404club n. 棍?
【搭配】
? club together 凑份子；分担费用
? go clubbing 泡夜总会
?
【其他重要释义】
n. 俱乐部；社团
?
【拓展】
billy club=baton n. 警棍
It was the wolf manner of ?ghting, to strike?and leap away; but there?was more to
it than this. Thirty or forty huskies ran to the spot and surrounded the
combatants in an intent and silent circle. Buck did not comprehend that silent
intentness, nor the eager way with which they?were licking their chops. Curly
rushed her antagonist, who?struck?again?and leaped aside. He met her next rush
with his chest, in a peculiar?fashion that tumbled her o? her feet. She never
regained them. This?was what the onlooking huskies had waited for. They closed
in upon?her, snarling and yelping, and she was buried, screaming with
agony,?beneath the bristling mass of bodies.?
g404strike v. 突然袭击
?【其他重要释义】
v. 撞，打，（灾难）爆发，罢?，（某?）突然想起
n. 攻击，打，罢?
g404antagonist? n. 对?，敌?（正式?法）
【近义】
opponent n. 对?
?
【拓展】
? antagonistic?adj. 敌对的；反对的
? antagonism?n. 敌对；敌意
? antagonize?v. 引起反抗,使......敌对；使......对抗；对......起反作?
? antagonise?v. 引起对抗/反感,?使敌对；抵销
So sudden was it, and so unexpected, that Buck was taken aback.He saw Spitz
run out his scarlet tongue in a way he had of laughing; and?he saw Francois,
swinging?an axe, spring into the mess of dogs.?Three?men with clubs were
helping him to scatter?them. It did not take long.?Two minutes from the time Curly
went down, the last of her assailants?were clubbed o?. But she lay there limp and
lifeless in the bloody,?trampled snow, almost literally torn to pieces, the swart
half-breed?standing over her and cursing horribly. The scene often came back
to?Buck to trouble him in his sleep. So that was the way. No fair play.?Once
down, that was the end of you. Well, he would see to it that he?never went down.
Spitz ran out his tongue and laughed again, and from?that moment Buck hated
him with a bitter and deathless hatred.
g404swing v. （使）摆动，摇摆，摇荡
【近义】
move back and forth ?来回移动
?
【其他重要释义】
? n. 秋千
? v. （使）改变（意见、情绪等） (swing from A to B/ swing between A and B)
? v. 挥动...... (swing sth at sb/sth)
g404scatter v. 撒播（侧重于把颗粒散开）
【词义辨析】
scatter/spread/spray:
? scatter 基本含义是“驱散，撒播”，指?暴?或其他?量将原本聚集在?起的?或事物四散
开来，或将?量的东?随意抛出，使其散落，如播种等，其宾语可以是摸得着的，也可以是
?法触摸的。
? spread 摊开。指把卷或叠着的东?展开或向四???扩?范围，强调有?的地均匀撒开。
所涉及的空间范围可?可?。传播信息。
? spray 喷洒。侧重于把液体散开。
?
【其他重要释义】
? scatter sth on/over/around sth 将......撒在......上/周围
? scatter sth with sth 将......撒播
g404bitter adj. 充满愤怒与仇恨的
【近义】
resentful adj. ?憎恨的
hostile adj. 有敌意的
?
【其他重要释义】
adj. 苦的
Before he had recovered from the shock caused by the tragic passing?of Curly,
he received another shock. Francois fastened upon him an?arrangement of straps
and buckles. It was a harness, such as he had?seen the grooms put on the horses
at home. And as he had seen horses?work, so he was set to work, hauling
Francois on a sled to the forest that?fringed the valley, and returning with a load
of ?rewood. Though his?dignity was sorely hurt by thus being made a draught
animal, he was too?wise to rebel. He buckled down with a will and did his best,
though it?was all new and strange. Francois was stern, demanding
instant?obedience, and by virtue of his whip receiving instant obedience;
while?Dave, who was an experienced wheeler, nipped Buck''s hind
quarters?whenever he was in error. Spitz was the leader, likewise
experienced,?and while he could not always get at Buck, he growled sharp
reproof?now and again, or cunningly threw his weight in the traces to jerk Buck
into the way he should go. Buck learned easily, and under the combined tuition of
his two mates and Francois made remarkable?progress. Ere they returned to
camp he knew enough to stop at “ho," to?go ahead at “mush," to swing wide on
the bends, and to keep clear of the?wheeler when the loaded sled shot downhill
at their heels.“T''ree vair'' good dogs," Francois told Perrault. “Dat Buck, heem
pool lak hell. I tich heem queek as anyt''ing."
g404stern adj. 严厉的
【词义辨析】
stern/severe/serious/strict:
? stern ?起strict程度更深，同时强调?个?苛刻的。
? severe 严厉的，和stern可以互换，指严重的错误。也可以指代身体状况不好，但?serious
程度要严重。
? serious 严肃的，严重的（通常指代身体状况不好、危急的）。
? strict：严格的；严肃的
?
【其他重要释义】
n. 船尾
g404obedience n. 服从、遵从
【搭配】
obedience to 对......的服从
?
【联想】
? obedient ?adj. 服从的、顺从
? obey??v. 服从、顺从
?
【拓展】
ostensible obedience 阳奉阴违
g404tuition n. （正式?法）（尤指对个?或?组的）教学，讲授，指导
【其他重要释义】
n. 学费 （也可以说成tuition fees）
（尤指?专院校的）学费
g404shoot v. （使朝某?向）冲，奔，扑，射，?驰
【搭配】
shoot sth at sb/sth 将......射向......
?
【其他重要释义】?
v. 拍摄；开枪
By afternoon, Perrault, who was in a hurry to be on the trail with his despatches,
returned with two more dogs. “Billee" and “Joe" he called?them, two brothers,
and true huskies both. Sons of the one mother?though they were, they were as
di?erent as day and night. Billee''s one?fault was his excessive good nature, while
Joe was the very opposite,?sour and introspective, with a perpetual snarl and a
malignant eye. Buck received them in comradely fashion, Dave ignored them,
while?Spitz proceeded to thrash ?rst one and then the other. Billee wagged
his?tail appeasingly, turned to run when he saw that appeasement was of
no?avail, and cried (still appeasingly) when Spitz''s sharp teeth scored his??ank.
But no matter how Spitz circled, Joe whirled around on his heels?to face him,
mane bristling, ears laid back, lips writhing and snarling,?jaws clipping together as
fast as he could snap, and eyes diabolically?gleaming--the incarnation of
belligerent fear. So terrible was his?appearance that Spitz was forced to forego
disciplining him; but to cover?his own discom?ture he turned upon the ino?ensive
and wailing Billee?and drove him to the con?nes of the camp.
g404score v. （在物体表?）划下痕迹，刻出记号
【搭配】
shoot sth at sb/sth 将......射向......
?
【其他重要释义】?
v. 拍摄；开枪
?
【原?】
Billee wagged his?tail appeasingly, turned to run when he saw that appeasement was of
no?avail, and cried (still appeasingly) when Spitz''s sharp teeth scored?his??ank.
?利讨好地摇着尾巴，可是他发现装可怜根本没有?，斯佩茨的?还是咬在他身上，他委屈巴巴
地哭起来。
?
【其他重要释义】
? n. 得分；进球
? v. 打分；得分；获胜
By evening Perrault secured?another dog, an old husky, long and?lean and gaunt,
with a battle-scarred face and a single eye which ?ashed?a warning of prowess
that commanded?respect. He was called Sol-leks,?which means the Angry One.
Like Dave, he asked nothing, gave nothing,?expected nothing; and when he
marched slowly and deliberately into?their midst, even Spitz left him alone. He
had one peculiarity which?Buck was unlucky enough to discover. He did not like
to be?approached on his blind side.?Of this o?ence Buck was unwittingly?guilty,
and the ?rst knowledge he had of his indiscretion was when Sol-leks whirled
upon him and slashed his shoulder to the bone for three?inches up and down.
Forever after Buck avoided his blind side, and to?the last of their comradeship
had no more trouble. His only apparent?ambition, like Dave''s, was to be left
alone; though, as Buck was?afterward to learn, each of them possessed one
other and even more vital?ambition.
g404secure v. 获得，取得，实现
【词义辨析】?
obtain/secure/acquire/gain/derive
? secure 指需要付出努?和代价才能获得所渴望的东?。不同于obtain， 它可接双宾语。
? obtain ?较正式，多指通过索取、购买、或是?作、?产等得到你想要或需要的东?。
? acquire 书?语?词，多?于通过不断努??积?累地渐渐获得智?、知识、技术、能?，
权利等表示抽象概念的东?，有时也可以通过努?获得某物。
? gain 尤指经过?段时间逐渐取得，获得，赢得有?的东?给你带来优势的东?，或者在某
种程度上是积极的东?。?法与 acquire 相似，常接抽象名词作其宾语，但不如 acquire 正
式。 可接双宾语， 相当于win、earn 的?法。
? derive 也有“获得”的意思，常?结构是：derive …… from “从……中得到” ，“从……中获
得” 。
?
【其他重要释义】
? adj. 可靠的；有把握的
? adj. 牢固的
g404command v. 应得；博得；值得
【其他重要释义】
? v.?& n. 命令，指令
? v. 指挥，统率（陆军、海军等）
? v. 掌握
? n. （尤指对语言的）掌握，运用能力
?
【拓展】
? be at sb''s command 听候某人的吩咐；服从某人的支配
? at your command 可自由支配
g404o?ence n. 冒犯、搅扰；侮辱
【搭配】
? take o?ence ??
? no o?ence (?正式?法） 表示?冒犯之意
?
【联想】
? o?end??v. 冒犯
? o?ensive adj. 冒犯的；无礼的
That night Buck faced the great problem of sleeping. The tent,?illumined by a
candle, glowed warmly in the midst of the white plain;?and when he, as a matter
of course, entered it, both Perrault and Francois?bombarded him with curses and
cooking utensils, till he recovered from?his consternation and ?ed ignominiously
into the outer cold. A chill?wind was blowing that nipped him sharply and bit with
especial venom?into his wounded shoulder. He lay down on the snow and
attempted to?sleep, but the frost soon drove him shivering to his feet. Miserable
and?disconsolate, he wandered about among the many tents, only to ?nd
that?one place was as cold as another. Here and there savage dogs rushed?upon
him, but he bristled his neck-hair and snarled (for he was learning?fast), and they
let him go his way unmolested.
g404bombard v. 轰击
【词义辨析】
bombard/attack
? bombard 强调?导弹轰炸
? attack 则是各种攻击都可以，是最普通的?个?词。
?
【联想】
n. bombardment 轰炸
Finally an idea came to him. He would return and see how his own?team-mates
were making out. To his astonishment, they had?disappeared. Again he wandered
about through the great camp,?looking for them, and again he returned. Were
they in the tent? No,?that could not be, else he would not have been driven out.
Then where?could they possibly be? With drooping tail and shivering body,
very?forlorn indeed, he aimlessly circled the tent. Suddenly the snow gave?way
beneath his fore legs and he sank down. Something wriggled?under his feet. He
sprang back, bristling and snarling, fearful of the?unseen and unknown. But a
friendly little yelp reassured him, and he?went back to investigate. A whi? of
warm air ascended?to his nostrils,?and there, curled up under the snow in a snug
ball, lay Billee. He?whined placatingly, squirmed and wriggled to show his good
will and?intentions, and even ventured, as a bribe for peace, to lick Buck''s
face?with his warm wet tongue.Another lesson. So that was the way they did it,
eh? Buck?con?dently selected a spot, and with much fuss and waste
e?ort?proceeded to dig a hole for himself. In a trice the heat from his body??lled
the con?ned space and he was asleep. The day had been long?and arduous, and
he slept soundly and comfortably, though he growled?and barked and wrestled
with bad dreams.
g404ascend v.上升；升?；登?(正式?词)?
【反义】
descend?v. 下降
?
【拓展】
词根scend, 爬，爬升，前缀a-同ad-, 在sc-, sp-, st-开头词根前缩?为a-，意思是来,临近
de这个前缀表示向下。
g404soundly adv. ?甜地，酣然地
【搭配】?
sleep soundly 形容熟睡、酣睡，睡得很?甜，是固定搭配。
?
【其他重要释义】
? adj. 明智地；可靠地
? adj. 牢固的
? adj. 完全彻底的
? adj. 表现不错的
?
【拓展】
sound?adj. 酣畅的；?甜的（通常放在名词前）
e.g. a sound sleep
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