高一英语(2023. 09. 21)满分：120Ⅰ. Listening comprehension (20%)：Section ADire
ctions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations betwe
en two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will
be asked about what was said. The conversations and the question
s will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the
question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,
and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have
heard.1. A. One. B. two. C. Three. D. Four.2. A. Tennis. B. Runn
ing. C. Table Tennis. D. Swimming.3. A. At a bus station. B. In
front of a library. C. Outside a bookstore. D. Inside a clothes s
tore.4. A. Relaxed. B. Anxious. C. Confident. D. Pleased.5. A. A
teacher. B. A waitress. C. Prepare an exam. D. Work on her report
.6. A. Visit a friend. B. See a movie. C. Prepare an exam. D. Wor
k on her report.7. A. Tim and the dog are outside. B. The lock in
broken by the dog.C. The man is going to look for Tim. D. The wo
man tells the man to leave it open.8. A. He deserves the title.
B. He is an interesting guy.C. He is very lucky to win the title.
D. His life is not different from other people’s.9. A. It’s chea
per to repair the old car. B. The woman should buy a new car.C. H
e’d like to exchange cars with the woman. D. He’s willing to repa
ir the car for the woman.10. A. She went to the exhibition. B. Sh
e missed the exhibition. C. The man should have taken her to the
exhibition. D. The man will go to the exhibition next Wednesday.S
ection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear one short passage
and two longer conversations. After each passage or conversation
, you will be asked several questions. The passage and the conver
sations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only
once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers o
n your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the
question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the
following passage.11. A. Her last year plans in the school. B. H
er new educational projects.C. Her travel plans after retirement.
D. Her advice on a China-based program.12. A. Lazy and poor. B.
Rich and clever. C. Intelligent but poor. D. Smart but disabled.1
3. A. Start a travel project. B. Visit some friends in a group.C
. Assist natives to find jobs. D. Help local people go to univer
sity.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following conversat
ion.14. A. Full access to the website. B. Some lessons in each la
nguage.C. All the beginning lessons. D. A phone with the company
’s app.15. A. You can earn prizes. B. It has funny videos.C. The
re are challenging levels. D. The practice covers different aspec
ts.16. A. It has a modern look. B. The app is easy to use.C. You
needn’t spend a lot of time every day. D. The pictures and examp
les are interesting.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the foll
owing conversation.17. A. Colleagues. B. Boss and secretary.C. H
ost and guest. D. Interviewer and interviewee.18. A. Organizing
things. B. Learning new things.C. Speaking in public. D. Determ
ination to do things.19. A. His personalities. B. His ability to
deal with difficulties.C. His certificates and licenses. D. His
relationships with other people.20. A. Satisfied. B. Surprised. C
. Disappointed. D. Annoyed. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary(30%)：Sectio
n ADirections: Fill in each blank with a proper form with the exp
ressions chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. No
te that there is one phrase more than you need.A. distance B.
ignorant C. available D. improper E. imaginary F. int
roducedG. imaginative H. shortage I. harsh J. bear K.
comments1. It is still uncertain when this practice of observing
Christmas was ______ to our country.2. You would not believe it.
But it is true that he later became an ______ writer.3. The new
arrival is ______ in a choice of colours.4. We could see the ligh
ts of the ship winking in the ______.5. Research shows that backa
che could be mainly caused by ______ use of backpacks.6. The ____
__ truth is that luck plays a big part in who will stay on the st
age and who has to leave.7. Although the characters in the novel
are so vivid, they are all ______.8. He made no ______ on what I
said just now, silently doing as I told him.9. The ice was not th
ick enough to ______ the weight of marching men.10. This story te
lls us that people should not be ______ of one’s strength or doin
g something beyond one’s ability.【答案】1. F 2. G 3. C 4. A
5. D 6. I 7. E 8. K 9. J 10. B【解析】【1题详解】考查动词语态
。句意：这种庆祝圣诞节的习俗是何时传入我国的，至今仍不清楚。分析句子可知，空处缺少动词过去分词构成被动语态，根据this prac
tice of observing Christmas可知，此处表示“被引进”，用be introduced to。故选F。【2题
详解】考查形容词。句意：你不会相信的。但他后来确实成为了一位富有想象力的作家。空处用形容词作定语修饰writer，imaginat
ive意思为：富有想象力的，符合题意。故选G。【3题详解】考查形容词。句意：新产品有多种颜色可供选择。空处用形容词作表语，根据th
e new arrival及in a choice of colours可知，available意思为：可用的，可获得的，符合题意
。故选C。【4题详解】考查名词。句意：我们可以看到远处船上灯光在闪烁。根据see the lights of the ship w
inking可知，in the distance表示“在远处”，符合题意。故选A。5题详解】考查形容词。句意：研究表明，背部疼痛可
能主要是由于背包使用不当引起的。空处用形容词作定语修饰use，结合句意，improper意思为：不正确的，符合题意。故选D。【6题
详解】考查形容词。句意：残酷的事实是，谁能留在舞台上，谁必须离开，运气起着很大的作用。空处用形容词作定语修饰truth，根据tha
t luck plays a big part in who will stay on the stage and who has
to leave可知，这是残酷的事实，harsh意思为：残酷的，符合题意。故选I。【7题详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然小说中的人物
都很生动，但他们都是虚构的。空处用形容词作表语，根据Although the characters in the novel ar
e so vivid可知，小说里人物是虚构的，imaginary意思为：虚构的，符合题意。故选E。【8题详解】考查名词。句意：他对
我刚才说的话不加评论，只是默默地按我说的去做。空处用名词作made的宾语，make comments on意思为：对……发表评论，
符合题意。故选K。【9题详解】考查动词。句意：冰不够厚，承受不了行进的人的重量。根据The ice was not thick e
nough及the weight of marching men可知，空处用动词原形构成不定式，此处表示冰不能承受重量，bear意
思为：承受，符合题意。故选J。【10题详解】考查形容词。句意：这个故事告诉我们，人们不应该对自己的力量一无所知或做一些超出自己能力
的事情。空处用形容词作表语，根据or doing something beyond one’s ability可知，空处表示“无知
的”，ignorant意思为：无知的，符合题意。故选B。Section BDirections: For each blank i
n the following sentence there are four words or phrases marked A
, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that bes
t fits the sentence.11. I ______ my work by the time the teacher
______ back.A. was finished; cameB. shall have finished; comesC.
had finished; comesD. have finished; will come【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句
意：到老师回来时，我将完成我的工作。该句子是一个主从复合句，根据时间状语by the time...可知，主句应该用完成时态，所以
先排除A项；by the time引导的时间状语从句，表示过去的动作时：主句用had done+by the time+从句（用一
般过去时），所以C项中第二个空应该用came，排除C项；by the time引导的时间状语从句，表示将来的动作时：主句用will
/shall have done+by the time +从句（用一般现在时），所以该句子是表示将来的动作；时间状语从句中应该用
一般现在时表示将来，排除D项。故选B项。12. I ______ to see the film last week becaus
e I ______ it twice.A. didn’t go; had seenB. don’t go; have seenC
. hadn’t go; had seenD. didn’t go; have seen【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：
上周我没有去看这部电影，因为我已经看过两遍了。根据时间状语last week可知，空1处应用一般过去时，描述过去发生事情；根据句意
可知，空2处应用过去完成时，是“过去的过去”，表示动作发生在另一个过去动作之前。故选A项。13. Who do you guess
______ where I ______ just now?A. lie; layB. is lying; layC. lie
s; lainD. lied; laid【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你猜刚才躺在我躺的地方的是谁？根据句意可知，
空1处应用现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作；根据时间状语just now和句意可知，空2处应用一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情，谓语动
词用过去式。故选B项。14. I''ll phone you if she ________ this evening. In fa
ct, she didn''t tell me if she ________.A. would come; will comeB.
will come, cameC. comes; would comeD. come; came【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时
态。句意：如果她今晚要来我会给你打电话。事实上，她没有告诉我她是否会来。结合句意可知，第一空处考查if引导的条件状语从句，因为主语
是一般将来时，故从句用一般现在时表将来，主语she是第三人称单数，故动词用三单现形式，即comes；第二空处考查if引导的宾语从句
，因为主句是一般过去时，故从句用过去将来时，即would come。故选C项。【点睛】本题考查if引导的状语从句和宾语从句，当if
引导状语从句时，意为“如果”，此时要注意主将从现原则；当if引导宾语从句时，意为“是否”，此时要注意宾语从句时态要根据主句和从句一
起来确定。以本题为例：根据句意判断第一空处考查if引导的条件状语从句，符合主将从现原则，主语she是第三人称单数，故动词用三单现形
式，即comes；第二空处考查if引导的宾语从句，从句原本应用将来时，但因为主句是一般过去时，故从句用过去将来时，即would c
ome。15. I ______ into the bus when I ______ a girl call my name.A
. had hardly got; hearB. had hardly got; heardC. was no sooner se
tting; heardD. did hardly get; had heard【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：
我刚上车就听到一个女孩叫我的名字。基本用法为:主语+had hardly done...when+主语+did。故选B。16. —
Tomorrow ______ my birthday. I’d like you and Jane to come.— I’m
not sure if she ______ free.A. will be; isB. is going to be; hasC
. is; isD. is; will be【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：——明天是我的生日。 我希望你和简能来。 —
—我不确定她是否会有空。 “明天是我的生日”是客观事实，所以第一个空应该用一般现在时；第二个空在if引导的宾语从句中，谈论的是“她
明天是否有空”，所以应该用一般将来时。故选D项。17. It was the first time I ______ an onl
ine celebrity in real life.A. have seen.B. sawC. had seenD. see【答
案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定句型、时态。句意：这是我第一次在现实生活中见到网红。It is/was the first time
后接的从句中用完成时，前文was为一般过去时，故用过去完成时。故选C项。18. —Where ______ the pencil
sharpener? I’ll use it now.—I ______ it right here just now.A. di
d you put; have putB. had you put; was puttingC. have you put; pu
tD. were you putting; have put【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：——你把卷笔刀放在哪里了？我
现在就要用。——我刚才把它放在这儿了。根据I’ll use it now.可知，空1处应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响；
根据时间状语just now可知，空2应用一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情。故选C项。19. When ______, I ____
__ serve tea to him.A. does he come; shallB. he will come; willC.
he comes; willD. he came; am going to【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时间状语从句及时态。句意
：他来的时候，我会端茶给他。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了when引导的时间状语从句，从句使用陈述语序，主句使用一般将来时，从句使用
一般现在时表将来，主语为he带三人称单数，谓语动词使用相应的第三人称单数。故选C项。20. The sportsmen _____
_ training for three hours when the coach told them to break off
for rest and supper.A. have beenB. wasC. had beenD. were【答案】C【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：运动员们已经训练了三个小时，教练叫他们休息一下，吃晚饭。根据training for three hour
s 和when the coach told them可知，空处的动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直持续到这一过去时间，应用过去完成
进行时。故选C项。21. I ______ you were happy while you ______ here.A. do
hope; beB. did hope; areC. did hope; wereD. had hoped; were【答案】C【
解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我真希望你在这里过得开心。根据句意和后文were可知，空1处应用一般过去时，描述过去的动作；空2处应
用一般过去时，描述过去的状态。故选C项。22. When I ______ your age, I ______ horses e
very day.A was; am used to rideB. was; used to rideC. were; use t
o rideD. am; used to riding【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：当我是你这个年龄的时候，我常常每天
骑马。be used to do sth.被用来做某事，used to do sth.过去常常做某事，be used to doi
ng sth.习惯于做某事。根据句意可知，空处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，并且主句是过去常常做某事，主谓一致。故选B项。2
3. It ______ a long time since I ______ you. How are you?A. was;
had last seenB. is; last sawC. has; have last seenD. has been; la
st was seeing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：自从我上次见到你已经有很长时间了。你好吗？“It is(has
been)?some time(一段时间)?+ since引导的时间状语从句”是固定句型，since引导的从句中用一般过去时。故
选B项。24. The police ______ searching our neighbor’s house. What do
you suppose ______?A. are; has happenedB. are; is happenedC. is;
would happenedD. were; did happen【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：警察正在搜查我们邻居
的房子。你认为发生了什么事?根据后文searching our neighbor’s house可知，第一个空应用现在进行时，由p
olice是集体名词可知，be动词用are；根据The police ______ searching our neighbor’
s house.可知，第二个空表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，结合主谓一致，主语是what，助动词用has。故选A
项。25. The meeting ______ go ahead unless you ______ soon.A. don’t
; comingB. didn’t; cameC. shall; will comeD. won’t; come【答案】D【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和时态。句意：除非你快点来，否则会议不能进行。分析句子可知，unless引导条件状语从句，满足“主将从现”的时
态原则，unless引导从句，soon尽快，可知，此处用一般现在时，主语you，动词用原形come，主句用一般将来时，won’t+
动词原形，符合题意。故选D。26. Broke knew that she ______ time to finish her h
omework by tomorrow.A. will not haveB. would not haveC. do not ha
veD. can not have【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：布洛克知道她明天之前没有时间完成作业。根据主句的谓语动
词knew可知，that从句的时态应该是过去的相关时态，再结合时间状语by tomorrow可知，空格处用过去将来时，表示过去将要
发生的动作，故选B项。27. I ______ that pilot since he ______ a little boy.A
. knew; wasB. know; isC. have known; wasD. had known; is【答案】C【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：从那个飞行员还是个小男孩的时候，我就认识他了。由since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应用现在完成时，时间
状语从句应用一般过去时。故选C项。28. The coffee is wonderful! It doesn’t taste li
ke anything I ______before.A. was havingB. haveC. have ever hadD.
had ever had【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：这咖啡好极了!它的味道和我以前喝过的东西都不一样。根据句意以及
before可知，表示过去动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时。故选C项。29. My dictionary ______. I h
ave looked for it everywhere but I ______ it.A. has lost; don’t f
indB. is missing; don’t findC. has lost; haven’t foundD. is missi
ng; haven’t found【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：我的字典不见了。我到处找了但是没有找到。lose
丢失；be missing丢失。第一空，dictionary字典，表示字典不见的状态，用系表结构be missing，句子为一般现
在时，be动词用is；第二空，根据I have looked for it everywhere可知，字典还是没有找到，过去发生的
事情对现在产生影响，用现在完成时，find找到，过去分词为found。故选D。30. —______ the train ____
__ just now?—Yes, but it has just left.A. Has; comeB. Did; comeC.
Is; comingD. Does; come【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：——刚才火车来了吗? ——是的，但它刚刚
离开。根据“Yes, but it has just left.”可知，后文是现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，由此
可推知，空处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故选B项。Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension(50%)：Sectio
n A (30%)Directions: For each blank in the following passage ther
e are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each bl
ank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The requir
ements for high school graduation have just changed in my communi
ty. As a result, all students must ___31___ sixty hours of servic
e learning, or they will not receive a diploma. Service learning
is academic learning that also helps the community. ___32___ of s
ervice learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in
a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student. During a service experienc
e, students must keep a journal (日志) and then write a ___33___ ab
out what they have learned.Supporters claim that there are many _
__34___ of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students a
re forced to think beyond their own interests and become ___35___
of the needs of others. Students are also able to learn real-lif
e skills that ___36___ responsibility, problem-solving, and worki
ng as part of a team. ___37___, students can explore possible car
eers through service learning.For example, if a student wonders w
hat teaching is like, he or she can choose to work in an elementa
ry school classroom a few afternoons each month. While there are
many benefits, opponents(反对者) ___38___ problems with the new requ
irement. First, they ___39___ that the main reason why students g
o to school is to learn core subjects and skills. Because service
learning is time-consuming, students spend ____40____ time study
ing the core subjects. Second, they believe that forcing students
to work without ____41____ goes against the law. By requiring se
rvice, the school takes away an individual’s freedom to choose.In
my view, service learning is a great way to ____42____ to the co
mmunity, learn new skills, and explore different careers. ____43_
___, I don’t believe you should force people to help others-the _
___44____ to help must come from the heart. I think the best ____
45____ is one that gives students choices: a student should be ab
le to choose sixty hours of independent study or sixty hours of s
ervice. Choice encourages both freedom and responsibility, and as
young adults, we must learn to handle both wisely.31. A. spendB.
gainC. completeD. save32. A. SubjectsB. IdeasC. ProceduresD. Exa
mples33. A. diaryB. reportC. noteD. notice34. A. coursesB. benefi
tsC. challengesD. features35. A. carefulB. tiredC. proudD. aware3
6. A. possessB. applyC. includeD. develop37. A. GraduallyB. Final
lyC. LuckilyD. Hopefully38. A. deal withB. look intoC. point outD
. take down39. A. argueB. doubtC. overlookD. admit40. A. muchB. f
ullC. lessD. more41. A. costB. payC. careD. praise42. A. contribu
teB. appealC. attendD. belong43. A. ThereforeB. OtherwiseC. Besid
esD. However44. A. courageB. desireC. emotionD. spirit45. A. deci
sionB. purposeC. solutionD. result【答案】31. C 32. D 33. B
34. B 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. C 41
. B 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇议论文，文章讲述了对于高中
毕业生的新要求——所有学生必须完成60个小时的服务性学习，陈述了支持者和反对者的理由，并表明了自己的观点。【31题详解】考查动词词
义辨析。句意：结果，所有学生必须完成60个小时的服务性学习，否则他们将不会获得文凭。A. spend花费；B. gain获得；C.
complete完成；D. save节约。根据“or they will not receive a diploma”可知，新要
求规定学生要完成60个小时的服务性学习。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：服务性学习的例子包括清理被污染的河流，在施
粥场工作，或者辅导学生。A. Subjects科目；B. Ideas主意；C. Procedures程序；D. Examples例
子。根据“include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitc
hen, or tutoring a student”可知，这些都是服务性学习的例子。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句
意：在服务体验期间，学生必须记日记，然后写一篇关于他们所学到的东西的报告。A. diary日记；B. report报告；C. no
te记录；D. notice通知。根据“keep a journal”可知，记日记后，还要写一篇报告。故选B项。【34题详解】考查
名词词义辨析。句意：支持者声称服务性学习有很多好处。A. courses课程、过程；B. benefits好处；C. challe
nges挑战；D. features特点。根据下文“Perhaps most importantly, students are
forced to think beyond their own interests and become ___5___ of
the needs of others.”可知，下文描述了服务性学习的好处。故选B项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许
最重要的是，学生们被迫超越自己的利益思考，并意识到他人的需求。A. careful小心的；B. tired劳累的；C. proud
骄傲的；D. aware有意识的。根据“are forced to think beyond their own interest
s”可知，学生们被迫思考超越自己的利益，能意识到他人的需求。故选D项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们还能够学习现实生
活中的技能，包括责任、解决问题和作为团队的一部分工作。A. possess拥有；B. apply申请，应用；C. include包
括；D. develop发展。根据“responsibility, problem-solving, and working as
part of a team”可知，此处表示包括这些技能。故选C项。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，学生可以通过服务
性学习探索可能的职业。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Finally最终；C. Luckily幸运地；D. Hopefull
y有希望地。学生可以通过服务学习探索可能的职业。根据本段第二句“Perhaps most importantly”及第三句的als
o可知本段讲服务学习的好处，本句是最后一个。故选B项。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然有很多好处，但反对者指出了新要求的
问题。A. deal with处理；B. look into调查；C. point out指出；D. take down取下、拆除
。根据“problems with the new requirement.”可知，反对者指出了新要求的问题。故选C项。【39题详
解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，他们认为学生上学的主要原因是学习核心科目和技能。A. argue辩论；B. doubt怀疑；C.
overlook忽视；D. admit承认。根据“that the main reason why students go to
school is to learn core subjects and skills.”可知，反对者提出了辩论的观点。故选A项
。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于服务性学习耗时，学生花在学习核心科目上的时间更少。A. much许多；B. full
满的；C. less更少的；D. more更多的。根据“Because service learning is time-cons
uming”可知，由于服务性学习耗时，学生花在学习核心科目上的时间就更少。故选C项。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二，他
们认为强迫学生无偿工作是违法的。A. cost花费；B. pay工资、薪水；C. care关心；D. praise表扬。根据“go
es against the law”可知，服务性学习对于学生来说是没有工资的。故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在
我看来，服务性学习是为社区做贡献、学习新技能和探索不同职业的好方法。A. contribute（to）有助于、对……有贡献；B.
appeal（to）吸引；C. attend（to）照料，处理；D. belong（to）属于。根据“service learni
ng is a great way”可知，作者认为服务性学习对社区是有贡献的。故选A项。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而
，我不认为你应该强迫人们去帮助别人——帮助的愿望必须发自内心。A. Therefore因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. B
esides此外；D. However然而。根据“I don’t believe”及上文可知，前文与后文为转折关系。故选D项。【4
4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我不认为你应该强迫人们去帮助别人——帮助的愿望必须发自内心。A. courage勇气；B.
desire愿望；C. emotion情绪；D. spirit精神。根据“must come from the heart”可知
，作者认为，帮助的愿望必须发自内心。故选B项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为最好的解决方案是给学生选择：学生应该能够
选择60小时的独立学习或60小时的服务。A. decision决定；B. purpose目的；C. solution解决方案；D.
result结果。根据“one that gives students choices”可知，这里提出了解决方案。故选C项。Se
ction B(20%)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each p
assage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Ch
oose the one that fits best according to the information given in
the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty
is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can’t tal
k, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies
and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do
agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishon
estly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them sur
vive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other ani
mals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to
be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator(猎食动物) get
s close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the
nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follow
s the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Anoth
er kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has
something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where o
thers bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to
know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbur
y the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos
have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? Th
ey don’t make nests. Instead, they get into other birds’ nests se
cretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby bird
s come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chim
ps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give
its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand,
too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once sa
w a losing chimp take the winner’s hand and start fighting again.
Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that
they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Th
en other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry
very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don’t he
ar them, and they don’t need to share their food.As children, man
y of us learn the saying “You can’t fool Mother Nature.” But mayb
e you can’t trust her, either.46. A plover protects its young fro
m a predator by ________.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving
away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pr
etending to be injured47. By “Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be
sneaky” (paragraph5), the author means ________.A. chimps are re
ady to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps ar
e jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too48. Which of
the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps low
er their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp wo
n the fight by taking the winner''s hand.C. Cuckoos fool their ado
ptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often
steal their food back.49. Which of the following might be the bes
t title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fo
ol animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty hel
p animals survive?【答案】46. D 47. B 48. A 49. A【解析】【分析】本文是
一篇说明文。文章通过列举了一些鸟类和大猩猩的例子，说明动物有时会撒谎，这也是它们生存的需要。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的
第二句话a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in ord
er to protect its young.可知，啄木鸟保护孩子不受猎食动物侵害是通过假装受伤，故选D。47题详解】推理判断题
。根据第五段的最后一个句子But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take th
e winner’s hand and start fighting again.可知，动物专家看到一个输了的黑猩猩抓住获胜的黑猩
猩的手又开始打斗了，所以这句话说大猩猩也可能不诚实，故选B。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中But some clever
chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, ot
her chimps don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share their fo
od.可知，一些大猩猩放低它们的叫声，这样让别的大猩猩得不到食物，故选A。【49题详解】主旨大意题。根据全篇文章的内容和第一段中C
an they lie with their bodies and behavior?可知，这篇文章讲的是动物也会撒谎，故选A。【
点睛】推理判断型推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的
判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行
间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。推理判断题常常可以分为如下几类：(1)细节推断。如时间、地点、人物关系等；(2)逻辑推断。根据已知的
结果推断导致结果产生的可能原因；(3)目的、意图、态度推断。根据文章的论述，推断作者的写作目的以及作者的情感态度；(4)预测想象推
断。文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进行预测判断。例如：本题中的第2小题。【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断型中的（2
）逻辑推断。根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生的可能原因。【答案定位】根据第五段的最后一个句子“But an animal exper
t once saw a losing chimp take the winner''s hand and start fighti
ng again.”一个输了的大猩猩抓住获胜的大猩猩的手又开始打斗了，可知这句话的意思是大猩猩也可能不诚实。(B)Welcome
to the Sydney Harbor Bridge! Rates (费用) for climbing the Bridge a
re scaled by the time of day and the time of week you choose to c
limb the bridge. Every ticket to the top includes a group photogr
aph, a certificate of achievement, and a Bridge Climb cap.Standar
dRates valid (有效的) from 1 July 2018 until 30 June 2019 (not inclu
ding 27 December 2018 to 4 January 2019 when Peak Rates apply)ADU
LTCHILDWeekdayWeekendWeekdayWeekendDay$220$250$140$150Night$200$2
10$130$140PeakRates valid from 27 December 2018 to 4 January 2019
ADULTCHILDDay$250$150Night$250$150Please note:a. Rates are per pe
rson and in Australian Dollars (including Goods & Service Tax)b.
Climb rates and periods are subject to change according to what B
ridge Climb decides to doc. The group photograph is taken at the
summit of your whole climb group. Additional individual photos ar
e available for purchase.d. Child rates are for ages 10 to 15 and
there must be one adult climber per two child climbers.50. Which
of the following souvenirs is NOT available to the bridge climbe
rs free of charge?A. An individual photograph at the summit.B. A
group photograph at the summit.C. A certificate of achievement.D.
A Bridge Climb cap.51. If a couple with their child aged 16 want
to climb the bridge on Friday night, 2 January 2019, how much sh
ould they pay?A. $530B. $600C. $650D. $75052. Which of the follow
ing statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Besides the ra
tes listed, tourists have to pay Goods & Services Tax as well.B.
Four children aged 13 and an adult can enjoy the bridge-climbing
together.C. The climb rates and periods listed above may change u
nder certain circumstances.D. In the peak season, a child ticket
for a daytime climb is more expensive than one for night.【答案】50.
A 51. C 52. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。广告介绍了悉尼港大桥，并欢迎大家攀爬。【50题详解】细节理解
题。根据第一段中“Every ticket to the top includes a group photograph, a c
ertificate of achievement, and a Bridge Climb cap. (每张通往山顶的门票都包括一
张团体照片、一份成就证书和一顶爬桥帽。)”可知，不能免费提供予攀登者的是在山顶的一张个人照片。故选A项。【51题详解】细节理解题。
根据Peak部分“Rates valid from 27 December 2018 to 4 January 2019 (价格有
效期为2018年12月27日至2019年1月4日)”和表格内容可知，如果一对夫妇带着16岁的孩子想在2019年1月2日星期五晚上爬
桥，他们应该付两个成年人的每人250美元，加上一个孩子的150美元，是650美元。故选C项。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据Plea
se note部分“Climb rates and periods are subject to change according
to what Bridge Climb decides to do (爬坡率和爬坡时间可能会根据Bridge Climb决定做
事情而改变)”可知，上面列出的爬坡率和爬坡时间在某些情况下可能会发生变化。故选C项。(C)Not so long ago one
could set one’s watch by the arrival of the post. I live in a qui
et street in north-west London, so that used to mean two deliveri
es a day at fixed time. Now of course there is one, arriving at a
n unpredictable hour, and containing nothing one would ever miss
a heartbeat for. The only certainty today is that there will be n
o personal letters.What efficient times we live in! Now of course
it’s all emails and texts and tweets. But for Christmas there ap
pears to be hope. Having failed to write letters during the rest
of the year, we are now catching up, sending greetings to those w
e barely contact from January to November. Is it guilt that leads
to this outpouring(感情的迸发)? Perhaps a little. But I think we also
recognize the greater integrity(完整) involved when we touch pen t
o paper and bother to stick a stamp. In our busy lives we manage
to send a message that says “I still have time for you.”Seasonal
greetings may be one of the last great traditions to fall. Earlie
r this month I was honored to be part of an extraordinary event i
n which the true worth of letters was given the full celebrity su
pport. At a small church in the Notting Hill area of London, some
actors read letters by the famous and the not-so famous. Among t
hem, there was the Christmas letter of a British postal worker na
med Chis Baker and his wife-to-be Bessie Moore. It was 1944, so B
arker was fighting in Greece and Moore was escaping bombs in Lond
on. Christmas appeared to be both an irrelevance and an important
tie for both of them, and while they regretted not being togethe
r they celebrated the ability of the letter to connect them.Unlik
e today, it was all they had. Today, the temptations of Skype and
e-card threaten to prevent our tip to the posting box. But Chris
tmas cards continue to connect us. They offer a reminder that we
have not died in the course of the year, and that we still value
the personal touch. They will not be enough to rescue the world’s
digitally changed postal systems, but they may just be enough to
make up for our digitally challenged souls.53. We recognize the
greater integrity involved in writing Christmas cards because ___
___.A. it’s another way we can try besides emails, texts and twee
ts.B. writing Christmas cards is efficient, practical and hopeful
.C. we won’t feel sorry about not contacting friends for long.D.
we manage to slow down our busy lives to send greetings.54. Why w
as Christmas both an irrelevance and an important tie for Chris B
arker and Bessie Moore?A. Because they were not together and they
only had letters.B. Because they were to be married but they wer
e separated.C. Because they didn’t give Skype and had to send car
ds.D. Because they celebrated Christmas by writing letters.55. Th
e meaningful importance of Christmas cards is that ______.A. they
can resist the temptations of Skype and e-card.B. they are the p
roof that we are still alive, safe and sound.C. the personal touc
h between people is still valued.D. the postal systems, though ch
allenged, are able to recover.【答案】53. D 54. A 55. C【解析】【导语】
这是一篇说明文。现代电子邮件等迅速发展摧毁了传统的信件，作者通过本文论述了信件等传统问候方式的重要性还是存在的。【53题详解】细节
理解题。根据第二段中“But I think we also recognize the greater integrity(完整
) involved when we touch pen to paper and bother to stick a stamp
. In our busy lives we manage to send a message that says ‘I stil
l have time for you.’(但我认为，当我们在纸上动笔、费力地贴邮票时，我们也会认识到所涉及的更大的完整性。在我们
忙碌的生活中，我们总是设法发出这样一个信息:‘我仍然有时间陪你。'')”可知，我们认识到写圣诞卡是一种更完整的方式，因为我们设法放慢
了繁忙的生活节奏来发送问候。故选D项。【54题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Christmas appeared to be b
oth an irrelevance and an important tie for both of them, and whi
le they regretted not being together they celebrated the ability
of the letter to connect them.(圣诞节似乎对他们两人来说都是无关紧要的，也是重要的纽带。虽然他们因为
没有在一起感到遗憾，但他们还是庆幸这封信能把他们联系在一起。)”可知，对于Chris Barker和Bessie Moore来说，
圣诞节既是无关紧要的，又是重要的纽带，这是因为他们没有在一起，他们只有依靠信件把彼此联系在一起。故选A项。【55题详解】细节理解题
。根据最后一段中“But Christmas cards continue to connect us. They offer a
reminder that we have not died in the course of the year, and th
at we still value the personal touch.(但圣诞卡继续把我们联系在一起。它们提醒我们，我们并没有
在这一年里死去，我们仍然重视人与人之间的接触。)”可知，圣诞卡的意义在于人与人之间的接触仍然受到重视。故选C项。Section
C(10%)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank
with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be use
d only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need
.Virtual Teaching AssistantProfessor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech d
eveloped an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help h
andle the enormous number of student questions in the online clas
s, Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence.Professor Goel already
had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn’t enough to deal wi
th the large number of daily questions from students. Many studen
ts drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching sup
port. ___56___.Goel decided to do something to improve this situa
tion and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jil
l Watson. ___57___ At first, the virtual assistant wasn’t too gre
at. Goel and his team soured the online discussion forum to find
all the 40, 000 questions that had ever been asked since the clas
s was launched. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions a
nd answers. After some adjustments and sufficient time, Jill was
able to answer the students’ questions correctly 97% of the time.
___58___ The students, who were studying artificial intelligence
, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn’t tell i
t apart from a real human being. Goel didn’t inform them about Ji
ll’s true identity until April 26. The students were actually ver
y positive about the experience.___59___ The goal of his virtual
assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the ques
tions posed by students on the online forum. The name Jill Watson
will, of course, change to something else next semester.A. Goel
and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before rel
easing her to the online forums.B. Goel plans to improve the accu
racy of the virtual assistant to satisfy students and he has a lo
ng way to go.C. Professor Goel has a much rosier outlook on the f
uture of artificial intelligence.D. When students feel ignored or
confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their
motivation to continue begins to fade.E. The virtual assistant be
came so advanced and realistic that the students didn’t know she
was a computer.F. As an expert on artificial intelligence, Goel d
esigned a perfect virtual assistant with the help of his rich exp
erience.【答案】56. D 57. A 58. E 59. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了
佐治亚理工学院的Ashok Goel教授开发的一种人工智能教学助手。【56题详解】上文“Professor Goel alread
y had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn’t enough to deal with the large number of daily questions from students. Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support. (Goel教授已经有了8名助教，但这还不足以应付学生每天提出的大量问题。由于缺乏教学支持，许多学生退出了在线课程。)”说明了教授及其助教不能应付学生提出的大量问题，许多学生退出在线课程，选项D“当学生感到被忽视或困惑，并提出一些没有答案的问题时，他们继续学习的动力就开始减弱。”承接上文，和上文之间存在因果关系，因为学生提出的问题得不到老师的回复，学生感到被忽视，学习动力减弱，所以退出在线课程。故选D项。【57题详解】上文“Goel decided to do something to improve this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson. (Goel决定做点什么来改善这种情况，他的解决方案是创造一个名叫Jill Watson的虚拟助手。)”讲述了Goel创造一个名叫Jill Watson虚拟助手，来解决学生提出的问题，选项A“Goel和他的团队开发了几个版本的Jill Watson，然后将她发布到在线论坛上。”承接上文，说明他们开发了多个版本的虚拟助手，发布应用。讲述对象一致，故选A项。【58题详解】下文“The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn’t tell it apart from a real human being. (这些学习人工智能的学生正在与虚拟助手互动，无法将其与真人区分开来。)”说明虚拟助手非常逼真，学生无法将它与真人区分，选项E“虚拟助手变得如此先进和逼真，以至于学生们都不知道她是一台电脑。”引领下文，说明虚拟非常逼真，学生都不知道她是电脑，以为是真人。故选E项。【59题详解】下文“The goal of his virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the questions posed by students on the online forum. (明年，他的虚拟助手的目标是接管回答在线论坛上学生提出的所有问题的40%。)”谈论Goel明年的计划，虚拟助手的使用量，选项B“Goel计划提高虚拟助手的准确性以满足学生，他还有很长的路要走。”引领下文，说明Goel未来的计划，虚拟助手的准确性。谈论对象一致，故选B项。Ⅳ. Translation(3+3+4%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.60. 我相信你的努力终将获得回报。(pay off)(汉译英)【答案】I believe your efforts will eventually pay off.【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句及时态。我相信“I believe”为主句，使用一般现在时，后接宾语从句，你的努力“your efforts”，最终“eventually”，获得回报“pay off”，结合句意可知，从句要使用一般将来时。故翻译为I believe your efforts will eventually pay off.61. 我们的研究发现被证明是完全错误的。(turn out)(汉译英)【答案】Our research findings turned out to be completely wrong.【解析】【详解】考查动词短语、名词短语和副词。表示“证明是”应用动词短语turn out to be；表示“我们的研究发现”短语为our research findings，作动词turned out的主语；表示“完全错误的”短语为completely wrong，副词completely修饰形容词wrong。故翻译为Our research findings turned out to be completely wrong。62. 众所周知健康与体育锻炼是密切相关的。(knowledge, relate)(汉译英)【答案】It is known that health is closely related to physical exercise.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和时态。表示“众所周知”用It is common knowledge that…句型，表示“健康”用health，表示“与……密切相关”用be closely related to，表示“体育锻炼”用physical exercise。结合句意，表示客观事实，用一般现在时，be动词用is。结合要求，句子可以翻译为It is common knowledge that health is closely related to physical exercise。 |
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