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目录 表示并列 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 表示对比和转折 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4 表示目的 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 表示原因 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 表示结果 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 表示递进 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 表示概括 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 表示总结及结束 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 表示让步 .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 表示并列 Example Note and We drank, talked, and danced. both……and; You can both borrow the flat and (you can) use our car. both…and 通常位于形容词，名词，实意动词前，助 动词后 either…..or; I don’t speak either French or German. as well as As well as birds, some mammals can fly. Action as well as thought is necessary. 和…一样；也…，可位于句首和句中。 not only……but also; The place was not only clod, but also damp. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but had been sent to prison as well. Not only位于句首时，其所在的句子需发生部分倒装 （将助动词，系动词，情态动词置于主语前），而but also后的句子不倒装 meanwhile The doctor will see you again next week. Meanwhile, you must rest as much as possible. meanwhile / in the meantime I hope to go to medical school eventually. In the meantime, I am going to study chemistry. 同时，期间 表示对比和转折 Example Note on the one hand, on the other hand On the one hand, we need to reduce cost. On the other hand, investment can’t be cancelled. 一方面，而另一方面 while/whereas I like mountains, while/whereas my wife prefers the seaside. 尽管如此，然而 though/although (Al)though I don’t like him, I agree that he’s a good manager. 不能与but连用 even if/though Even though I didn’t know anybody at the party, I had a nice time. I’ll do it, even if it is bad for me. however He was feeling bad. He went to work, however, and tried to concentrate. 然而 nevertheless The news may be unexpected; nevertheless it is true. 尽管如此，然而 表示目的 Example Note in order to do; so as to do He got up early in order /so as to have time to pack. In order to know more about him, I watched him. so as to do 只能位于句中，而in order to do 既可用于句中，又可以位于句首 in order that; so that We send monthly report in order that they may have full information. She’s staying here for 6 months so that she can perfect her English. 后接句子 表示原因 Example Note because We were late because it rained. 后面直接接句子 because of We were late because of the rain. 后面接名词短语 just because …. (it) doesn’t mean Just because you’re older than me (it) doesn’t’ t mean you can do what you like. 因为…..并不意味着… due to/owing to Due to/owing to the bad weather, the match was cancelled. We have had to postpone the meeting due/owing to the rain. His success was due to his mother. 由于，因为 通常owing to 不用于be动词后，而 due to 可用 表示结果 Example Note as a result As a result, he had to leave. 结果，因此 therefore She was therefore unable to avoid the blame from her parents. She was late, therefore she didn’t get the book. consequently She was a bright and eager student and, consequently, did well in school. so So she had to get married to a man she didn’t like. then The last bus has gone. Then we’re going to have to walk. thus The universities have expanded, thus allowing many more people the chance of higher education. hence It's handmade and hence expensive. The sports meet will be held three days hence. hence既可表示因此，又可表示从此 时起 表示递进 Example Note moreover Mike is unwilling to admit that he can ever be mistaken, moreover, he is totally incapable. 而且，此外，再者 furthermore/in addition The peasants are desperately short of food. Furthermore/in addition, they urgently need doctors and medical supplies. another thing is If Marry comes, where’s she going to sleep, and another thing is, we can’t go away if she’s here. what is more/ as well as that She borrowed my bike and never gave it back. And what is more/as well as that, she pretended nothing had happened. besides/in any case You never manage to work 8 hours a day. Besides/in any case, you can’t type. 表示概括 Example Note on the whole On the whole, I had a happy childhood. 总体上；从整体来看；基本上 in general In general, we are satisfied with the work. In all/most/ many/some cases In most cases, people will be nice to you if you are nice to them. 在任何情况下/在大部分情况下/在许 多情况下 broadly speaking/generally speaking Broadly speaking, teachers are overworked and underpaid. to some extent/to a great extent To a great extent, a person’s character is formed by the age of eight. 在很大程度上，非常 apart from/except for Apart from the soup, I thought the meal was excellent. Except for Mary, they all seemed pretty sensible. apart from既可表示包括在内，又可 表示排除在外；而expect for 只表示 排除在外 表示总结及结束 Example Note To conclude / to summarize/to sum up To sum up, most of the committee members supported the idea but a few were against it. 最后，总之 In conclusion In conclusion, we can see that Britain’s economic problems were mainly due to the lack of industrial investment. 总之 Last, but not least, Last but not least, we must thank our host for his hospitality. 最后但同等重要的， Lastly / finally Finally/lastly, I found it difficult to learn. 表示让步 Example Note at least The car is in poor quality. At least nobody was hurt. 至少，无论如何 anyway/anyhow I am not sure what time I’ll arrive, anyway/anyhow I’ll be there before 8 o’clock. Anyway不可与in any way混淆，in any way表示通过任何方式。 at any rate He doesn’t understand me, or at any rate not fully. in any case It may rain tomorrow, but we are going home in any case. I'm afraid I'm just too busy to come and see you this Friday. In any case, my wife is borrowing the car that day. |
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