SAT阅读?SSP文章模式

SAT阅读 SSP文章模式

(2010-11-16 09:01:19)

 

一．模式简介：

 

SSP模式，即short single passage, 单篇短阅读模式。这是SAT阅读部分考试中相对容易的一种文章模式。

这种文章的模式顾名思义，需要考生对单篇（两个）的短文章进行阅读并作答。每篇短文章的字数限制在100-150字，后面只有两个问题，相对简单。通常我们建议的答题时间为2-3分钟。在这部分考生可以考虑在保证正确率的情况下尽量加快速度，为后面的试题节省出时间。

 

 

二．    做题策略：

 

在对付这种类型的文章，考生可以采用题干-文章-选项的模式，即首先阅读文章题干，再回到原文寻找答案，最后在所列选项中选出最佳答案。

具体步骤如下：

 

（1）       迅速扫读题干

在拿到试题后，考生应首先对题干进行迅速扫度。在这一过程中，考生最好首先定位题型，即这道题目是在考什么，是在问文章的主旨，作者的态度，还是考察文章的细节等等。针对不同的题型，我们有不同的应对策略。在确定题型后，考生接下来要试图寻找定位词，对于细节性问题和推断性问题，考生可以通过定位词锁定考题在考文章的哪个部分，在增强针对性的同时，节省更多的时间。

 

（2）带着问题回到文章，做出相应的标记

在扫读题干后，考生可根据题干的要求，找到文章中对应的部分，如果有一眼就能看出的对应部分，就做出简单标记，对其进行认真阅读，理解和分析。

 

（3）仔细审查选项

比照在题干，文章中的相应出题部分，考生接下来要做的就是仔细审查选项，选出最优答案。需要注意的是，选项所给的答案一定要读完而不要想当然，提放出现前后不一致的情况

 

（4）做出选择

在进行认真分析后，我们最后要做出最优选择。注意，有的选项本身可能是对的，但是不能作为最优选项被选择，答案只有一个，一定是又对又好的那个。

这里提一点适用于所有SAT客观题作答的建议。我们知道SAT采用了倒扣分的机制，这一机制的引入使得考生在答题时出现了第六种选择，即空着不填。我们说空着不填不扣分，填错了倒扣分，那是不是这道题目我不会做就一定要空着不填呢？保守和莽撞都会让我们付出代价，所以根据反保守又反冒进的方针，我们的建议是该出手时就出手。假如由于各种原因，比如词汇量实在有限，考生五个选项都不认识，那此时放弃也是一种很好的选择，因为此时你作对这道题的几率实在是太小了。但是假如你能通过排除法，去掉一些你能肯定是错误的选项，比如说你能排除两个甚至三个错误选项，那此时放手一搏不失为上策，因为根据计算，通过这种“猜”题的方式，我们事实上可以得到更高的分数。

 

 

三．    边练边说

 

下面给出一例真题（选自2009年10月的SAT真题）加以说明。

 

 

Each passage below is followed by questions based on its content. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied in each passage and in any introductory material that may be provided.

 

Passage 1

Question 9-10 are based on the following passage.

Through a friend’s father, Elizabeth found a job at a publishing company. Her parents were puzzled by this. The daughters of their friends were announcing their engagements in the Times, and those who joined the Peace Corps or had gone to graduate school were filed under the heading of “Useful Service,” as if they had entered convents or dedicated themselves to the poor. Elizabeth further puzzled her parents by refusing to take a cent of their money, although her mother knew the truth: what you dole out to the young binds them to you. To have Elizabeth owing nothing was disconcerting, to say the least.

 

9. The narrator mentions the daughters of Elizabeth’s parents in line 3 primarily to

  (A)  criticize a behavior

  (B)  praise an activity

  (C)  explain a reaction

  (D)  note a transformation

  (E)  advocate an action

 

    10. The passage suggests that Elizabeth’s parents found which quality to be “disconcerting”                (line 11) in their daughter?

      (A)  Magnanimity

      (B)  Independence

      (C)  Frugality

      (D)  Lack of ambition

      (E)  Unwillingness to take risks

   

 

让我们回忆一下刚才提到的做题步骤：

 

以第9题， The narrator mentions the daughters of Elizabeth’s parents in line 3 primarily to…第10题The passage suggests that Elizabeth’s parents found which quality to be “disconcerting” (line 11) in their daughter为例：

首先，我们可以根据题干给出的关键信息确定类型。

根据题干中的关键信息The narrator mentions…primarily to…（可以再根据选项中给出的答案）确定这是一道作用题，属于推断性题目。而题干信息The passage suggests that…则告送我们这是一道推理题，仍然属于推断性题目。

然后，我们要回归原文。

根据in line 3我们可以很容易的在文中锁定题目的出处，接下来做的就是回归到第三行，仔细阅读第三行前后的语句。你可能需要的信息包括：Through a friend’s father, Elizabeth found a job at a publishing company. Her parents were puzzled by this. The daughters of their friends were announcing their engagements in the Times, and those who joined the Peace Corps or had gone to graduate school were filed under the heading of “Useful Service,” as if they had entered convents or dedicated themselves to the poor.

根据in line 11我们回到原文很容易就可以找到“disconcerting”这个词，下面就是寻找是哪一个quality让Elizabeth的父母很不安了。由于这个词出现的位置靠后，所以前面的Elizabeth further puzzled her parents by refusing to take a cent of their money, although her mother knew the truth: what you dole out to the young binds them to you.被列入我们的考虑范围。

随后，我们要做的就是回归选项，根据选项中所给出的答案与原文进行比对，最后选出最优答案。

先看第9题。通过分析我们认识到，Elizabeth通过朋友的父亲在出版公司找到了一份工作，这使得她的父母困惑不解。为什么要困惑不解呢？接下来我们看到的是 The daughters of their friends were…我们很容易发现这段话放在这里就是为了解释Elizabeth父母困惑不解的原因，女儿们都是怎么了？难道都想进修道院积善行得还是想贫困一生？（因为出版业在美国的薪金水平很低，身为父母他们可能真的不明白女儿为什么要做出这样的选择）。答案实际上已经揭晓了，我们在选项中看到选项（C）符合上述分析，接下来只需要把它选出来就可以了。

再看第10题。阅读上面的一句话我们就能发现，Elizabeth不止让她的父母吃了一次惊，她挣得钱本身不多，还拒绝要家里一个子，尽管她的母亲知道其中的奥妙—Elizabeth只是不想对家里产生依赖，但是家里人要是看到女儿经济状况不好，怎么能不着急呢。所以(B)  Independence是造成disconcerting的直接原因，答案也就不言自明了。

 

四．    实战演练

 

下面是真题短篇阅读的第二篇，我们在此将其作为一个练习，你可以试试用上面的方法步骤完成这第二个小短篇。

 

Passage 2

Question 11-12 are based on the following passage

    Some critics believe that the frequent use of repetition in Native American ceremonial texts was a result of their oral nature and helped make the works easy to remember. Native American scholar Paula Gunn Allen argues that this factor must be peripheral, however, because people in societies without writing traditionally have had more finely developed memories than do people who use writing. Native American children learned early to remember complicated instructions and long stories by heart. For a person who couldn’t run to a bookshelf to look up information, reliance on memory became very important in everyday life. Such a highly developed everyday memory is not likely to fail on ceremonial occasions.

   11. The primary purpose of the passage is to

      (A)  refute a claim

      (B)  describe a process

      (C)  analyze a discovery

      (D)  advocate a practice

      (E)  reveal a problem

 

 

  12. In context, what does the final sentence suggest about Native American ceremonial texts?

     (A)  Understanding them requires a highly developed memory.

     (B)  Their inclusion of complicated and detailed material is traditional.

     (C)  They are not always oral in nature, nor are they always repetitive.

     (D)  They are important in the everyday lives of many Native Americans.

     (E)  Their use of repetition cannot be explained as an aid to memorization.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

（11）题答案：A

简析：

这道题目要求你说出这篇短文的目的，那就不是只看一两句话就可以解决问题的了，这是一道主旨性题目，需要我们从宏观上做全面的把握。但实际上当我们读完Some critics believe that……Native American scholar Paula Gunn Allen argues that之后我们就能有一个大概的印象就是这是对一个问题的争论，通过对后面文字的进一步确认我们就能做出正确的选项。

（12）题答案：E

  简析：我们以suggest锁定这道题目为推断性的题目，以the final sentence锁定题目在文章中的出处，即Such a highly developed everyday memory is not likely to fail on ceremonial occasions. 根据文章内容，我们在分析后可选出最后答案