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第10讲：时态 (二)
时态的运用比较复杂，好多同学因为做题时不知应用哪种时态而挠头皮。其实你只要把易混的时态掌握好，对你来说时态就没有什么难点可言了。而你易混的时态无非是一般过去时和现在完成时，一般过去时和过去完成时的比较罢了。这有何难?看看下面的分析，你会发现一切"as easy as A B C"。 一般过去式和现在完成时： 一般过去式只是表示事情发生在过去，陈述一个事实，它可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语如：last night, in 1999, three days ago等连用。而现在完成时表示某一完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以它不能和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用。 如： We have seen that film. 我们已看过那部电影。 对现在造成的影响是我们对影片已有所了解。 We saw the film last night. 昨天晚上我们看了那部电影。只说明昨天晚上看电影这一事实。 注意：有些时间状语，如this morning,tonight, this month 等，既可用于一般过去时，又可用于现在完成时，但所表达的意义有所不同。用于现在完成时表示包括现在在内，而用于一般过去式则与现在无关。如： I have read this book this April.(说话时仍然为四月。) I read this book this April. (说话时四月份已过。) 一般过去式和过去完成时的比较： 一般过去式表示过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态，而过去完成时在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作或状态，即"过去的过去"。当强调过去某一动作发生在某一动作之前时，常用此时态。 如： He had finished his homework before nine o'clock. 九点之前他已经完成了作业。实际上，一般现在时和过去完成时常搭配使用。如： When he got home, his daughter had already gone to bed. 当他到家的时候，他的女儿早已去睡觉了。 在带有after和before引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，由于从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，所以可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 如：He called on me soon after he had finished his homework. 他做完作业后不久便来拜访我。也可以说： He called on me soon after he finished his homework. 哇塞，我们终于学完了所有时态，摩拳擦掌，试试趁热打铁！ 练习： 1. Zhao Lan ____ already ___ in this school for two years. A. was...studying B. will ... study C. has ...studied D. are studying 2. They usually _____ TV in the evening. A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches 3. Judy _____ the Great Wall twice, and now she still ______ to go there. A. went to , wanted B. goes to , wants C. has gone , wants D. has been to, wants 4. She will find him a kind man when she _______ more about him. A. knows B. know C. will know D. is going to know 5. --What are you going to give our teacher for Teacher's Day? --I'm not sure. Maybe I _____ him some flowers. A. have given B. will give C. gave D. give 6. --Tom ______ out. --Oh, is he? What time _____ he _____ out? A. is, did, go B. went, is ,going C. has gone, did, go D. is going, does, go 7. It's nine o'clock now, they ______ an English class. A. have B. are having C. having D. will have 8. --" Where is Li Lei?" --" He _______ his sports shoes in the room. He ______ football with his friends." A. is putting on , is playing B. puts on, will play C. is putting on , will play D. put on, played 9. Miss Smith with her parents ______ China since _________. A. have been in , two years ago B. has gone to, two years C. have been to, two years D. has been in, two years ago 10. When I knocked at the door, my mother _______. A. is cooking B. cooked C. was cooking D. cooks
实践：
1. Jack's father is ______ doctor. A. a B. an C. some D. / 2. He often does some washing ______ Sunday. A. at B. in C. on D. by 3. This room is ours, and that one is ________. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 4. Tom is _______ boy in his class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 5. "Can you come here next Friday?" "Sorry, I _______." A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. may not 6. Did you ______ the football match last night? A. see B. watch C. look D. read 7. There ________ many high buildings in this city. A. is B. are C. have D. has 8. John has two brothers. One is an artist, ________ is a scientist. A. the others B. another C. the other D. others 9. The man asked the policeman _______. A. let hime to go B. to let him to go C. let him go D. to let him go 10. Please _______ page 54 and read lesson Twelve. A. turn to B. turn into C. turn in D. turn on 11. He did not go home ______ he finished the work. A. of B. because C. until D. since 12. The old man was _______ tired that she couldn't walk on. A. so B. too C. very D. quite 13. We are busy ________ our lessons these days. A. prepare B. preparing C. to prepare D. prepared 14. I'll go with you if I ________ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was 15. Do you know ________? A. where does he live B. where he lives C. he where lives D. he lives where |
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