(1) because of ；due to ；on account of ； owing to 都有「由於」「因為」的意思。
例如：Mr. A could not go to college because of financial difficulty.
A先生因為經濟困難，無法上大學。
或：
Mr. A's inability to enter college was due to financial problems.
或
Mr. A was unable, on account of insufficient money, to study at college.
或：
Owing to straitened circumstances, Mr. A was not able to pursue his study at college. (老美指大學，通常只用college，不用university.)
可見because of = on account of ；due to = owing to, 這都是介詞片語，後面跟名詞或動名詞。不過due to 前面的動詞，通常用to be.
至於on the grounds of 和 on the score of 的意思，也是「由於」「基於」，但較著重「特殊」理由。(也有人不做這種區別)
例如：Mr. A was not allowed to get into college on the grounds of poor grades.
或：
On the score of poor grades, Mr. A was not in a position to enter college.
以上兩句都是著重成績不好的理由。
然而，in consequence of；consequent on；as result of，又是指「由於…而引起」，「因為…的緣故」。
例如：
Many people lost their money in consequence of the crash of the stock market.
由於股票市場的崩潰，結果許多人損失了金錢。
或：
He lost his savings consequent on the downturn of the stock market.
( consequent 是形容詞； on = upon )
Many Chinese school kids are not physically strong as a result of too much home work from their teachers / parents.
許多中國學童因為老師／父母給他們太多功課以致身體不太強壯。
Chinese naval operations came as a result of U.S./ South Korea joint military maneuvers.
中國海軍演習是由於美國和南韓聯合軍演而引起。
雖然也有人用 to lie in the fact that 後加子句，但較 Wordy，故不常用。
例如：
Mr. B's business failure lies in the fact that his employees did not perform their duties well.
B先生的生意失敗，是由於他的員工工作不力的緣故。
其實，用as的附屬子句，也更簡單：
As his staff did not perform well in their jobs, Mr. B failed in his business.
(這裡的As, 就是「因為」，「由於」的意思)
(2)under the pretense of；under the color of；under (或on 或upon) the pretext of ；under the cloak of 都有「假托」，「藉口」，「藉…之名而…」的意思。
例如：Some world powers try to contain China under the pretense of maintaining the peace in East Asia.
有些世界強權藉維持東亞和平之名而牽制中國。
( pretense = pretence 虛假)
或：
Under the color of keeping the peace in East Asia, some world powers try to contain China.
Mr. C wishes to enrich himself on the pretext of raising funds for charity.
C先生假慈善之名，而飽其私囊。
(pretext是藉口，托詞)
或：
Mr. C is trying to fill his pockets under the color of accepting charitable contributions.
或：
Some people try to seek self interest under the cloak of promoting a charity.
(cloak 是 掩飾 = cover)
Under the color of promoting diplomatic relations, Mr. Chen has gotten billions of dollars.
陳先生假發展外交之名，而取得億萬之財。
(註：under the pretext 較為常用)
(3)not only.....but (also)；not only......but likewise; not merely ….but 都有「不但....而且」，既.....又.....」的意思。
例如：Mr. A is not only good at math but (also) (good) at computer science.
A先生不但數學好，而且電腦也很棒。
(後面的also和good都可省去)
Mr. B will not only do something good for his school but likewise for his community.
B先生不但為他的學校，也為他的社區做好事。
Mr. C needs not merely to pursue knowledge, but to cultivate his personality.
C先生不但要追求知識，也要薰陶品格。
