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2009年人教版高考英语高一重点及]难点归纳总结14

 todayisshort 2011-05-29

科幻小说不能简单地看成是供消遣的,而实际上它给读者展示更深刻的内容。

[记忆技巧]entertain+ -ment名词后缀

[常用词组]give an entertainment to sb.招待某人//the entertainment of guests对宾客的招待/a house of entertainment 娱乐场;旅馆;酒馆/to the entertainment of 使感到有趣的是/hold a farewell entertainment 举行欢送会

6. conversation[7kCnvE5seiFEn]n.会话, 交谈

I had a long conversation with your teacher.

我和你们老师进行了长时间的谈话。

[记忆技巧]converse(vi. 谈话)变名词=conversation

[常用词组]get into conversation with和...攀谈(起来)/have a conversation with和...交谈[会谈]/in conversation with(在)和...谈话

7. institution[7insti5tju:FEn]n.公共机构, 协会, 制度

例:Giving presents on Christmas is an institution.圣诞节送礼是一种风俗。

Marriage became an institution in ancient societies.

婚姻在古代社会就已经成为一种制度。

[记忆技巧]institute(vt. 创立,开始,制定)+ion 变 n. institution

8. coastal[5kEustl]adj.海岸的, 沿海的

例:Shanghai is a coastal city. 上海是一座沿海城市。

9. divide[di5vaid]v.分, 划分, 分开, 隔开;(常与in,into连用)分开;划分

The Nile divides near its mouth and forms a delta.

尼罗河在靠近河口的地方分开,形成一个三角洲。

Let's divide ourselves into several groups.我们分成几个小组吧。

How shall we divide up the labour in the work?我们怎样分工?

[记忆技巧]divide变名词=division n. 分开,区分,除法,公司,(军事)师,分配,分界线

10. section[5sekFEn]n.部分, 断片, 部件, 节, 项, 区, 地域, 截面

One section of the class was reading and the other section was writing.

班上的一部分人在看书,另一部分人在写东西。

Divide the class into five sections of six students each.

把班级分成五个小组,每组六个学生。

[记忆技巧]sect(部分,段)+ion=section

[常用词组]show sth. in section把某物以断面显示出来

build in sections分段制造

11. discovery[dis5kQvEri]n.发现, 发明的东西

例:His discoveries included 300 uses for peanuts and 200 uses for sweet potatoes.他的发现包括花生的三百种用途和红薯的二百种用途。

The discovery of oil on their land made the people rapidly rich.

他们土地上发现了石油使这里的人们家很快致富了。

[记忆技巧]discovery(v. 发现)+ y 变名词 = discovery

12. butterfly[5bQtEflai]n.[动]蝴蝶//蝶泳

a butterfly stroke蝶式游泳

[记忆技巧]butter (牛油)+fly (n. 苍蝇)=butterfly,相关词组:dragonfly 蜻蜓,cheese fly 干酪蝇,fruit fly 果蝇

[常用词组]as light as a butterfly 轻浮

13. injury[5indVEri]n.伤害, 侮辱

to suffer injuries to the head头部受伤

I take it as a personal injury. 我认为这是对个人的侮辱。

[记忆技巧]injure (v. 伤害)去e+y=injury

[常用词组]be an injury to 伤害..., 危害...,对...有害/do sth. an injury 伤害某人/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人

14. achievement [E5tFi:vmEnt]n.成就, 功绩

Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement.

首次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。

Such a goal was impossible of achievement.

这样的目标是不可能实现的。

[记忆技巧]achieve (vt. 完成)+ment=achievement

15. darkness darkness[5dB:knis]n.黑暗, 漆黑

例:We couldn't see the houses in the darkness.

[记忆技巧]dark(adj. 黑暗的)+ ness 变名词=darkness

[常用词组]pitch darkness 漆黑,伸手不见掌/darkness visible 漆黑,极黑

16. twist[twist]n. 扭曲, 盘旋, 歪曲//vt.拧, 扭曲, 编织//vi.扭弯, 扭曲

a road full of twists and turns弯弯曲曲的路

The path twisted up the hill.这条小路盘绕在小山上。

Twist the lid to open it.拧这盖儿打开它。

[常用词组]a twist in one's tongue发音不清, 口齿不清/twist it down

狼吞虎咽/twist off扭断; 扭[拧]开/twist up把...卷成螺旋形; 扭弯; 歪曲

17. motion[5mEuFEn]n.运动, 动作//v.运动

You must not get out of the car when it is in motion.

汽车行驶的时候千万不能下车。

Motion itself is a contradiction.运动本身就是矛盾。

She motioned to the waiter.他向侍者打了个手势。

[记忆技巧]拉丁词根mot动+ion =motion

[常用词组]go through the motions of[口]装出...的样子, 走过场, 虚应故事/in motion在开动中, 在运转中; 处于兴奋[骚动]状态/make a motion

用手示意; 提议, 动议/put (set )sth. in motion 开动某物,调动某物

18. splash splash[splAF]n.溅, 飞溅, 斑点//v.溅, 泼, 溅湿

The rain came down in a splash.瓢泼大雨哗哗而下 。

The children splashed in the pool.孩子们在水池里溅水。

Don't  splash me: I don't want to get wet.不要往我身上溅水,我不想弄湿。

[常用词组]make [cut] a splash发出泼溅声; [喻]摆阔, 摆排场, 炫耀, 引起哄动/with a splash啪嚓[扑通]一声/splash about站[坐]在水中打水, 戏水/splash with在...上溅(泥等), 在...上浇洒/splash on [onto]往...上面溅(水等)

19. imagination[i7mAdVi5neiFEn]n.想象, 空想, 想象的事物, 想象力, 听觉

His imagination played round that queer idea.他老是想着那个怪念头。

You didn't really see it — it was just your imagination.你没有真正看到它,这只是你的想象。

[记忆技巧]imagine (vt. 落千丈想象,设想)去e加ation=imagination

[常用词组]beyond(all) imagination(完全)出乎意料地/draw on (one's) imagination杜撰, 编造/have a good  imagination想象力好[差]; [谑]很会[不会]说谎/have a poor imagination想象力好[差]; [谑]很会[不会]说谎

20. designer[di5zainE]n.阴谋家,设计家,制图师

例:I want to be a designer. 我想要成为设计师。

[记忆技巧]design(v. 设计)+ er 变动作的执行者= designer

21.endless[5endlis]adj.无止境的, 无穷的

例:There is endless work to do when you have children in the house.

当你家里有了孩子时,你就有干不完的活。

The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty.飞机能够毫无困难地飞越这一望无际的茫茫雪原。

The voyage seemed endless.这次海上航行的旅程似乎没有尽头。

[记忆技巧]end (n. 末端,结束)+less 后缀(无……)=endless

[常用词组]at loose end 无所事事/at an end 完成/keep one's end up (面对困难)坚持不懈/make (both) ends meet 收支相抵

五、易混易错词语辨析

1.辨析attract, fascinate 和charm:

都含有“吸引”,或“给人以喜悦之感”的意思。

attract指“以悦人的姿态使人喜欢、羡慕或注目”,如:

He was attracted by her beauty.他被她的美貌所吸引。

fascinate指“使人非常感兴趣,以致于要继续看下去或做下去等”,如:

The children were fascinated by all the toys in the shop windows.

那些孩子被商店橱窗里所有  玩具迷住了。

charm指“使人喜悦”、“使迷醉”, 如:

Her beauty voice charms everyone.

2.辨析conversation,chat,dialogue,discussion和 talk:

都含有“交谈”的意思。

conversation指“无拘束或非正式的谈话”,如:

We had a long telephone conversations.

我们通过谈话做了长时间的交谈。

chat指“闲谈”、“聊天”,如:

We need less chat and more work if we're to finish this job today.

如果我们打算今天完成这件工作的话,那就要少聊天,多工作。

dialogue指“对方对话或戏剧的对白”,如:

The dialogue remained light and friendly.

谈话一直保持轻松的愉快和友好的气氛。

discuss指“讨论”、“商议”,如:

I had a long discussion with my friends about the matter.

这件事我跟朋友们商讨了很久。

talk指“非正式谈话”,用于较随便的场合,如:

I met Mrs. Jones at the shop and had a long talk with her.

我在商店遇见了琼斯夫人,同她谈了很长时间。

3.辨析separate, divide 和part:

都含有“分开”的意思。

separate指“把原来在一起的 人或物分开”,如:

Separate those two boys woh are fighting, will you?

( 你)把那两个打架的孩子拉开,好吗?

divide指“施加外力或自然把某人或某物由整体分成若干部分”,如:

Divide the candies among the children.给孩子们把糖块分开。

part指“把密切相关的人或物分开”,如:Part gold from silver.把金银分开。

4.辨析go on doing sth., go on to do sth. 和go on with +名词

都含有继续做某事的意思。

go on doing sth继续做某事;指前后做的是同一件事:

Go on reading Lesson Three.继续读第三课。(刚才读的就是第三课)

go on to do sth接着又做另一件事;指前后做的不是同一件事:

Go on to read Lesson Three.接着读第三课。

(刚才也许读的是第二课或者干别的什么事)

go on with+名词 继续做某件事;前后做的是同一件事;

但中间有暂停情况;

I went on with my story just where I had left off.

我继续在我刚才停下的地方读故事。

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