新目标英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词表

新目标英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词表
* am	was	been	是
* are	were	been	是
awake	awoke	awoke	唤醒
bear	bore	born	忍受
beat	beat	beaten	打，敲打
become	became	become	成为，变成
* begin	began	begun	开始
bet	bet	bet	打赌
blow	blew	blown	吹
break	broke	broken	打坏，打破
* bring	brought	brought	带来
* build	built	built	建筑，建设
burn	burnt	burnt	燃烧
* buy	bought	bought	买
catch	caught	caught	揪住，抓住
* can	could		能，会
choose	chose	chosen	选择
* come	came	came	来
cost	cost	cost	花费
cut	cut	cut	砍，切
* do	did	done	做
* does	did	done	做
dream	dreamed/dreamt	dreamed/dreamt	做梦
* drink	drank	drunk	喝
drive	drove	driven	驾驶，开车
* eat	ate	eaten	吃
fall	fell	fallen	落下，跌倒
feed	fed	fed	喂养
feel	felt	felt	感觉
fight	fought	fought	打架
* find	found	found	发现，找到
fly	flew	flown	飞行
forget	forgot	forgotten/forgot	忘记
freeze	froze	frozen	结冰
* get	got	got/gotten	得到
* give	gave	given	给予
* go	went	gone	走，去
grow	grew	grown	成长，种植
hang	hung/hanged	hung/hanged	吊，悬挂
* have	had	had	有
* has	had	had	有
hear	heard	heard	听见
hit	hit	hit	打，击
hold	held	held	举办，容纳
hurt	hurt	hurt	伤害
keep	kept	kept	保持，喂养
* know	knew	known	知道，了解
lay	laid	laid	下蛋，平躺
* learn	learnt/learnt	learnt	学习
* leave	left	left	离开，留下
lend	lent	lent	借给
* let	let	let	让
* lie	lay	lain	躺下
* lose	lost	lost	丢失
* make	made	made	制造，制作
mean	meant	meant	意思是，意味着
* meet	met	met	遇见
* may	might		可以
mistake	mistook	mistaken	犯错
must	must		必须
pay	paid	paid	付钱，赔偿
* put	put	put	挂
* read	read	read	读
ride	rode	ridden	骑，乘
ring	rang	rung	(钟/铃)响，鸣
rise	rose	risen	升起
* run	ran	run	跑
* say	said	said	说
* see	saw	seen	看见
* sell	sold	sold	卖
* send	sent	sent	寄，送;派
set	set	set	安装
shake	shook	shaken	摇动，摆动
shall	should		将
shine	shone/shined	shone/shined	照耀
* show	showed	shown/showed	显示
shut	shut	shut	关
sing	sang	sung	唱
sink	sank	sunk	下沉
* sit	sat	sat	坐
* sleep	slept	slept	睡
smell	smelt	smelt	嗅
* speak	spoke	spoken	说
spell	spelt	spelt	拼读，拼写
* spend	spent	spent	花费，度过
spill	spilt	split	溅，洒
spit	spat	spat	吐痰
spoil	spoilt	spoilt	糟蹋
* stand	stood	stood	站
steal	stole	stolen	偷
sweep	swept	swept	打扫
* swim	swam	swum	游泳
* take	took	took	带去，花费，乘
* teach	taught	taught	教
* tell	told	told	告诉
* think	thought	thought	想，思考
throw	threw	thrown	扔，投，掷
understand	understood	understood	明白
wake	woke/waked	woken/waked	醒
* wear	wore	worn	穿戴
win	won	won	获胜
* write	wrote	written	写
* will	would		将，愿

I. 一般过去时的概念

① 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year(week, Monday…), … ago, yesterday, a moment ago, just now, in19..等。

例如：

She was in a teacher two years ago.   她两年前是个教师。

　　I saw him in the street yesterday.   昨天我在街上看见他了。

    ② 也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。

例如：

He always asked questions when he was young.  当他年轻时他总爱问问题。

③ 当表示动作时，谓语动词使用过去式（一般加ed或见不规则动词表）；当表示状态时，谓语动词用 was, were。

II. 一般过去时的构成

　　(1) 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：

　　① 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。  如：look-looked， watch-watched。

　　② 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，加-d。 如：live-lived， like-liked。

　  ③ 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。

如：stop-stopped， shop-shopped。

　　④ 末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。

如：study-studied， carry-carried。

(2) 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。

如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。

III. 一般过去时的几种句型

肯定句结构为：

① 主语+was / were +其它。

如：They were in Shanghai in 2000.   2000年的时候他们在上海。

② 主语+动词的过去式+其它。

    如：He went to the book store yesterday. 他昨天去书店了。

否定句结构为：

①     主语+was / were not (wasn’t / weren’t) +其它。

如：My father was not at home last Sunday.   上个星期天我爸爸不在家。

② 主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。

 如：She didn't come to school this morning.   她今天没来学校。

一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答为：

① Was / Were +主语+其它?

如：Was it cold last winter?    Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t.   去年冬天冷吗？

② Did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？

    如：Did you go to Beijing last week?  Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.)  去年你们去北京吗？

特殊疑问句的构成为：

    疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？

     如：What did you do last night? 　I did my homework.

 Ⅳ. 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后[t]，元，浊[d]，t, d 之后读[id]。

　　① 清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s] [  ] [t  ]等后，ed要读[t]。  如： worked，finished。

　　② 元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后，ed要读[d]。  如：lived，called。

　　③ t 或 d 后，ed读[id]。  如：started，needed。