英语动词按其过去式和过去分词的构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。统计规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加-ed构成，如果有e，只加d，而不规则动词的变化因词而异的表格。
目录
初中英语语法 举例说明
Infinitive 不定式
Past Tense 过去式
Past Participle 过去分词
abide
abode, abided
abode, abided
alight
alighted, alit
alighted, alit
arise
arose
arisen
awake
awoke
awoke, awaked
be
was, were
been
bear
bore
borne, born
beat
beat
beaten
become
became
become
befall
befell
befallen
beget
begot
begotten, begot
begin
began
begun
behold
beheld
beheld
bend
bent
bent
bereave
bereaved, bereft
bereaved, bereft
beseech
besought, beseeched
besought, beseeched
beset
beset
beset
bespeak
bespoke
bespoken, bespoke
bespread
bespread
bespread
bestrew
bestrewed
bestrewed, bestrewn
bestride
bestrode
bestridden, bestrid, bestrode
bet
bet, betted
bet, betted
betake
betook
betaken
bethink
bethought
bethought
bid
bade, bid
bidden, bid
bide
bode, bided
bided
bind
bound
bound
bite
bit
bitten, bit
bleed
bled
bled
blend
blended, blent
blended, blent
bless
blessed, blest
blessed, blest
blow
blew
blown
break
broke
broken
breed
bred
bred
bring
brought
brought
broadcast
broadcast, broadcasted
broadcast, broadcasted
browbeat
browbeat
browbeaten
build
built
built
burn
burnt, burned
burnt, burned
burst
burst
burst
buy
bought
bought
can
could
-
cast
cast
cast
catch
caught
caught
chide
chid, chided
chid, chidden, chided
choose
chose
chosen
cleave
cleaved, cleft, clove
cleaved, cleft
cleave
clave
cloven
cling
clung
clung
clothe
clothed, clad
clothed, clad
come
came
come
cost
cost
cost
creep
crept
crept
crow
crowed, crew
crowed
cut
cut
cut
dare
dared, durst
dared
deal
dealt
dealt
dig
dug
dug
dispread
dispread
dispread
do
did
done
draw
drew
drawn
dream
dreamed, dreamt
dreamed, dreamt
drink
drank
drunk
drive
drove
driven
dwell
dwelt, dwelled
dwelt, dwelled
eat
ate
eaten
fall
fell
fallen
feed
fed
fed
feel
felt
felt
fight
fought
fought
find
found
found
flee
fled
fled
fling
flung
flung
fly
flew
flown
fly
fled
fled
fly
flied
flied
forbear
forbore
forborne
forbid
forbade, forbad
forbidden
forecast
forecast, forecasted
forecast, forecasted
fordo
fordid
fordone
forego
forewent
foregone
foreknow
foreknew
foreknown
forerun
foreran
forerun
foresee
foresaw
foreseen
foreshow
foreshowed
foreshown
foretell
foretold
foretold
forget
forgot
forgotten, forgot
forgive
forgave
forgiven
forsake
forsook
forsaken
forswear
forswore
forsworn
freeze
froze
frozen
gainsay
gainsaid
gainsaid
get
got
got, gotten
gild
gilded, gilt
gilded
gird
girded, girt
girded, girt
give
gave
given
go
went
gone
grave
graved
graven, graved
grind
ground
ground
grow
grew
grown
hamstring
hamstringed, hamstrung
hamstringed, hamstrung
hang
hung
hung
hang
hanged
hanged
have
had
had
hear
heard
heard
heave
heaved, hove
heaved, hove
hew
hewed
hewed, hewn
hide
hid
hidden, hid
hit
hit
hit
hold
held
held
hurt
hurt
hurt
inlay
inlaid
inlaid
keep
kept
kept
kneel
knelt, kneeled
knelt, kneeled
knit
knitted, knit
knitted, knit
know
knew
known
lade
laded
laded, laden
lay
laid
laid
lead
led
led
lean
leaned, leant
leaned, leant
leap
leapt, leaped
leapt, leaped
learn
learnt, learned
learnt, learned
leave
left
left
lend
lent
lent
let
let
let
lie
lay
lain
lie
lied
lied
light
lit
lit
light
lighted
lighted
lose
lost
lost
make
made
made
may
might
-
mean
meant
meant
meet
met
met
melt
melted
melted, melten
misdeal
misdealt
misdealt
misgive
misgave
misgiven
mislay
mislaid
mislaid
mislead
misled
misled
mistake
mistook
mistaken
misunderstand
misunderstood
misunderstood
mow
mowed
mowed, mown
must
must
-
ought
ought
-
outbid
outbade, outbid
outbidden, outbid
outbreed
outbred
outbred
outdo
outdid
outdone
outeat
outate
outeaten
outfight
outfought
outfought
outgo
outwent
outgone
outgrow
outgrew
outgrown
outlay
outlaid
outlaid
outride
outrode
outridden
outrun
outran
outrun
outsell
outsold
outsold
outshine
outshone
outshone
outshoot
outshot
outshot
outsit
outsat
outsat
outspend
outspent
outspent
outspread
outspread
outspread
outthrow
outthrew
outthrown
outthrust
outthrust
outthrust
outwear
outwore
outworn
overbear
overbore
overborne
overbid
overbid
overbidden, overbid
overblow
overblew
overblown
overbuild
overbuilt
overbuilt
overbuy
overbought
overbought
overcast
overcast
overcast
overcome
overcame
overcome
overdo
overdid
overdone
overdraw
overdrew
overdrawn
overdrive
overdrove
overdriven
overeat
overate
overeaten
overfeed
overfed
overfed
overfly
overflew
overflown
overgrow
overgrew
overgrown
overhang
overhung
overhung
overhear
overheard
overheard
overlade
overladed
overladed, overladen
overlay
overlaid
overlaid
overleap
overleapt, overleaped
overleapt, overleaped
overlie
overlay
overlain
overpay
overpaid
overpaid
override
overrode
overridden
overrun
overran
overrun
oversee
oversaw
overseen
oversell
oversold
oversold
overset
overset
overset
oversew
oversewed
oversewed, oversewn
overshoot
overshot
overshot
oversleep
overslept
overslept
overspend
overspent
overspent
overspread
overspread
overspread
overtake
overtook
overtaken
overthrow
overthrew
overthrown
overwind
overwound
overwound
overwrite
overwrote
overwritten
partake
partook
partaken
pay
paid
paid
precast
precast
precast
prechoose
prechose
prechosen
prove
proved
proved, proven
put
put
put
quit
quitted, quit
quitted, quit
read
read
read
reave
reaved, reft
reaved, reft
rebuild
rebuilt
rebuilt
recast
recast
recast
reeve
rove, reeved
rove, reeved
relay
relaid
relaid
rend
rent
rent
repay
repaid
repaid
reset
reset
reset
retell
retold
retold
rid
rid, ridded
rid, ridded
ride
rode
ridden
ring
rang
rung
rise
rose
risen
rive
riven
riven, rived
run
ran
run
saw
sawed
sawn, sawed
say
said
said
see
saw
seen
seek
sought
sought
sell
sold
sold
send
sent
sent
sit
set
set
sew
sewed
sewn, sewed
shake
shook
shaken
shall
should
-
shave
shaved
shaved, shaven
shear
sheared
shorn, sheared
shed
shed
shed
shine
shone, shined
shone, shined
shoe
shod, shoed
shod, shoed
shoot
shot
shot
show
showed
shown, showed
shred
shredded, shred
shredded, shred
shrink
shrank, shrunk
shrunk, shrunken
shrive
shrove, shrived
shriven, shrived
shut
shut
shut
sing
sang, sung
sung
sink
sank, sunk
sunk, sunken
sit
sat
sat
slay
slew
slain
sleep
slept
slept
slide
slid
slid, slidden
sling
slung
slung
slink
slunk
slunk
slit
slit
slit
smell
smelt, smelled
smelt, smelled
smite
smote
smitten, smote
sow
sowed
sown, sowed
speak
spoke
spoken
speed
sped, speeded
sped, speeded
spell
spelt, spelled
spelt, spelled
spend
spent
spent
spill
spilt, spilled
spilt, spilled
spin
spun
spun
spit
spat, spit
spat, spit
split
split
split
spoil
spoilt, spoiled
spoilt, spoiled
spread
spread
spread
spring
sprang, sprung
sprung
stand
stood
stood
stave
staved, stove
staved, stove
steal
stole
stolen
stick
stuck
stuck
sting
stung
stung
stink
stank, stunk
stunk
strew
strewed
strewn, strewed
stride
strode
stridden, strid
strike
struck
struck, stricken
string
strung
strung
strive
strove, strived
striven, strived
swear
swore
sworn
sweat
sweat, sweated
sweat, sweated
sweep
swept
swept
swell
swelled
swollen, swelled
swim
swam
swum
swing
swung
swung
take
took
taken
teach
taught
taught
tear
tore
torn
tell
told
told
think
thought
thought
thrive
throve, thrived
thriven, thrived
throw
threw
thrown
thrust
thrust
thrust
tread
trod
trodden, trod
unbend
unbent
unbent
unbind
unbound
unbound
unbuild
unbuilt
unbuilt
underbid
underbid
underbidden, underbid
underbuy
underbought
underbought
undercut
undercut
undercut
underdo
underdid
underdone
underfeed
underfed
underfed
undergo
underwent
undergone
underlay
underlaid
underlaid
underlet
underlet
underlet
underlie
underlay
underlain
underpay
underpaid
underpaid
underrun
underran
underrun
undersell
undersold
undersold
underset
underset
underset
undershoot
undershot
undershot
understand
understood
understood
undertake
undertook
undertaken
underwrite
underwrote
underwritten
undo
undid
undone
undraw
undrew
undrawn
unfreeze
unfroze
unfrozen
ungird
ungirded, ungirt
ungirded, ungirt
unhang
unhung
unhung
unknit
unknitted, unknit
unknitted, unknit
unlade
unladed
unladed, unladen
unlay
unlaid
unlaid
unlearn
unlearnt, unlearned
unlearnt, unlearned
unmake
unmade
unmade
unreeve
unrove, unreeved
unrove, unreeved
unsay
unsaid
unsaid
unset
unset
unset
unsling
unslung
unslung
unspeak
unspoke
unspoken
unstick
unstuck
unstuck
unstring
unstrung
unstrung
unswear
unswore
unsworn
unteach
untaught
untaught
unthink
unthought
unthought
untread
untrod
untrodden, untrod
unweave
unwove
unwoven
unwind
unwound
unwound
upbuild
upbuilt
upbuilt
upcast
upcast
upcast
uphold
upheld
upheld
uppercut
uppercut
uppercut
uprise
uprose
uprisen
upset
upset
upset
upsweep
upswept
upswept
upswing
upswung
upswung
wake
waked, woke
waked, woken, woke
waylay
waylaid
waylaid
wear
wore
worn
weave
wove
woven
wed
wedded, wed
wedded, wed
weep
wept
wept
wet
wetted, wet
wetted, wet
will
would
-
win
won
won
wind
winded, wound
winded, wound
wit
wist
wist
withdraw
withdrew
withdrawn
withhold
withheld
withheld
withstand
withstood
withstood
work
worked
worked
work
wrought
wrought
wring
wrung
wrung
write
wrote
written
名词在中考单项选择试题中，除了时态，名词的考查频率也较高。一般考查以下几点：一、
可数名词 与
不可数名词 在可数名词与不可数名词上一般出现这样几类，（1）分辨是哪一类名词，并根据结论做选择。（2）可数名词复数的不规则变化。（3）不可数名词的
量化 表达。所以，考生首先要能够明确哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。其次，还要知道可数名词的复数的变化规则。可数名词的变化规则一般是在单词后面加-s 或-es，
如：1desk---desks bed---beds piano---pianos hat---hats bag---bags photo---photos 2bus---buses box---boxes watch---watches brush---brushes3tomato---tomatoes potato---potatoeshero---heroes Negro---Negroes 4 leaf---leaves knife---knives5baby---babies family---families另外，还要记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如：Chinese---Chinese Japanese---JapaneseEnglishman---Englishmen Frenchman---FrenchmenRussian---Russians American---Americans German --- Germanschild---children foot---feet man---men woman---women tooth---teeth goose --- geesedeer---deer sheep---sheep还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有： a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of 另外，大家应注意：单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的”变化：单数集合名词如class, police, family, school, group, team等。尽管形式上是单数，意义上都是复数，因此，一般要与复数
谓语动词 连用，例如：Class Five have a foreign friend. 五班有一位外国朋友。（这里的五班指五班的同学的。）His family are good to me. 他的家人对我很好。（很显然，这里的family指家庭成员。）当上述集合名词着重指“整体”时， 意义上则是
单数 ，因此，要与单数谓语动词连用。例如，Our school team often plays well in our city. 我们的校队经常在我们市踢得很好。（这里的team 指整个队，但意义上仍为单数，故谓语动词用plays.二、 名词所有格名词所有格有两种形式：一是加’s，一种是用of来表示。一般情况下，指某人的某物用’s表示，而指某物的什么用of 短语来表示。另外，要注意凡是以s结尾的名词或规则名词的复数，不能直接加’s，而应该加-’即可。例如，boys’ clothes girls’ dresses。 不过，注意例外情况，例如， the boss’s handwriting，其中the boss’s 的-’s不可省略。
举几个例子：
1、用must问，肯定和否定是如何回答的。
如：Must I return your book next week?
2、解释一下一下倒桩，为何要用so he does
You say he likes playing computer games,(so he does) and (so do I).
3、解释一下一下答案
(Watch your step),young man!If you're late for work again,
you'll lose your job.
1.Yes,you can. 是其肯定回答。No,you mustn't.是其否定回答。
2.这里其实无所谓倒装。翻译一下：你说他喜欢玩游戏，的确，我也喜欢。so+第一人称主格/第三人称主格+do/does是一个固定结构。当前面描述一件事情，后面肯定一下，表示同意前面的说法是就用这个句型。
so+do/does+第一人称主格/第三人称主格的结构，用于前面描述一件事情，后面是说的另一件事情，并不是接着前面的说。从这个例子的翻译中就可以看出来了。
这个例句不错，应该记住，是一个考点。
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