2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(陕西卷)

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2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(陕西卷)英语详细解析版

 

第一部分 英语知识运用(共四节,满分55分)

第二节 情景对话(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)

    根据对话情景和内容,从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.选项中有两个为多余选项

Jerry:  Hi , Mike. Look like you’ve got some sun .

Mike: I guess so. I spent the weekend on the beach.

Jerry: Really? That sounds exciting. __6__           ( C )

Mike: At my friend’s house .He invited me to stay there for as long as I wanted .

Jerry: __7__                  (G )

Mike: Oh, I have a paper to work on.

Jerry: _8__ I mean besides lying out in the sun.      ( E )

Mike: I play some volleyball . I never realized how hard it is to run on sand.

Jerry: _9__ Did you go swimming?          ( B )

Mike: I intended to . __10__So I just went fishing.           ( F )

Jerry: All sounds so relaxing.

A. What a pity!                     B. It must be cool.

C. Where did you st ay ?              D. But how did you get there ?

E. So what else did you do out there ?    F. But the water wasn’t warm enough

G.. Then why not stay there for a longer time?

第三节 语法和词汇知识(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)

   从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.

11.The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.   ( D )

A. where    B. which    C. its     D. whose

12. The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city.

A. that    B. this  C. it     D. one           (A )

13. –What’s the noise ? It sounds as if it comes from upstairs.  

   --______ .It must be the window-cleaner working , next door.          (D)

A. I’m not sure   B. I hope not  C. I’d rather not     D. I don’t think so       

14. You look well . The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _____ you , I suppose.    (A )

A. agree with   B. agree to  C. agree on     D. agree about      

15.If we ___ the other road ,we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.   (B)

A. take   B. had taken  C. took    D. have taken

16._____ from the top of the tower ,the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees .    (A )

A. Seen    B. Seeing  C. Have seen    D. To see

17.John opened the door . There _____ he had never seen before.    (D)

 A. a girl did stand     B. a girl stood   C. did a girl stand   D. stood a girl

18.It never occurred to me _____ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.  (D)

 A. which     B. what  C. that  D. if

19. His first book       next month is based on a true story.                        (B)

   A. published        B. to be published      C. to  publish      D. being published

20. John thinks it won’t be long        he is ready for his new job.                 (C)

   A. when           B. after           C. before           D. since

21. I have to see the doctor because I        a lot lately.                            (A)

   A. have been coughing                   B. had coughed

   C. coughed                            D. cough

22. Studies show that people are more        to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.                                          (A)

A. likely          B. possible          C. probable          D. sure   

23. May I take this book out of the reading room?

   No, you        . You read it in here.                                         (D)

   A. mightn’t        B. won’t          C. need’t           D. mustn’t

24. It is reported that many a new house      at present in the disaster area.             (D)

   A. are being built     B. were being built   C. was being built     D. is being built

25. What a fine day! Shall we go picnicking?

           . But we need to be home before six o’clock for the football match..       (C)

   A. Have a nice time.   B. Pardon me        C. That’s great      D. You are right

 第四节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

     I used to live selfishly, I should admit. But one moment changed me.

     I was on my lunch break and had 26  the office to get something to eat . On the way, I 27 a

Busker(街头艺人)，with a hat in front of him. I had some 28 in my pocket but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he would 29 use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. He 30 like that type-young and ragged. 31 what was I going to spend the money on ? Only to feed my addiction to Coca-Cola or chocolate! I then 32 I had no right to place myself above 33 just because he was busking.

I  34  and dropped all the coins into his 35, and he smiled at me, I watched for a while. As 36 as it sounds, I expected something  more to come from that moment—a feeling of 37 or satisfaction, for example. But nothing happened 38 , I walked off. “It proved to be a waste of 39 ,”I thought.

On my way home at the end of the 40, I saw the busker again and he was 41 . I watched him pick up the hat and walk 42 a cafe counter. There he poured the 43 contents into a tin collecting 44 an earthquake fund-raising(募捐) event. He was busking for charity(慈善)！

Now I donate any 45 I have to charity tins and enjoy the feeling of giving.

26.  A. left           B. cleaned            C. prepared            D. searched    (A)

27.  A. led           B. chose              C. saw                 D. fooled     (C)

28.  A. chocolates     B. coins               C. tins                 D. drugs     (B)

29.  A. almost        B. only               C. rather                D. still      (B)

30.  A. acted         B. looked             C. sounded              D. smelt     (B)

31.  A. Though        B. For             C. Therefore             D. But       (D)

32.  A. declared       B. realized            C. expected            D. guessed    (B)

33.  A. it            B. all                C. him                 D. them       (C)

34.  A. waited        B. followed           C. stopped             D. arrived      (C)

35.  A. rag           B. hat                C. pocket              D. counter     (B)

36.  A. selfish        B. awkward          C. innocent            D. special     (A)

37.  A. happiness     B. sadness          C. love         D. hate                (A)

38.  A. Disappointedly  B. Unfortunately    C. Coincidentally  D. Comfortably        (A)

39.  A. words         B. effort           C. space         D. money              (D)

40.  A. moment       B. day              C. break        D. event               (B)

41.  A. walking around  B. passing by       C. packing up   D. running off         (C)

42.  A. around        B. in               C. behind       D. to                 (D)

43. A. chief            B. basic          C. actual           D. total             【D】

44.A.by               B. for           C. on              D. with              【B】

45.A.work             B. time          C. energy           D. change           【D】

第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节    （共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

A

Ask Dr ? Jeffers	This month Dr. Jeffers is answering questions about the human brain and how it works.
Dear Dr. Jeffers, One of my colleagues, Felix Moeller, told me that scientists are learning to use computer to ‘read minds’. Is there any truth to this story/ —Jane Leon, New York, USA Dear Ms. Leon, Well, a lot of research is being conducted in this area, but so far, the brain scanning equipment and corresponding computer programs haven’t been able to actually read thoughts. In one experiment, test subjects（受试者）were connected to scanning equipment and shown two numbers on a screen. They were then asked to choose between adding or subtracting（减）the two numbers. Using this method, researchers were able to follow brain processes and make the correct assumptions（假设）70 percent of the time. It’s not quite mind reading, but it’s certainly a first step. —Dr. J.
Dear Dr. Jeffers, My three-year-old son loves it when I dig my fingers into his sides and tickle （胳肢）him until he laughs uncontrollably. The other day I noticed him trying to tickle himself but he couldn’t do it. Why not? —Glenn Lewis, Vancouver, Canada Dear Mr. Lewis, It’s because of how the brain works. The brain is trained to know what to pay attention to and what to ignore. It causes us to ignore physical feelings we expect to happen, but it causes a mild panic reaction when there is an unexpected feeling. For example, you don’t notice how your shoulder feels while you’re walking down the street. But if someone comes up behind you and touches you lightly on the shoulder, you may jump in fear. It’s that unexpected part that causes the tickle reaction. —Dr. J.

46.What can we learn from the answer to the first question?                           【B】

A. Some equipment is able to read human minds.

B. Some progress has been made in mind reading.

C. Test subjects have been used to make decisions.

D. Computer programs can copy brain processes.

47.People laugh when tickled by others because the feeling is _______.                  【A】

A. unexpected        B. expected        C. comfortable        D. uncomfortable

48.Who has got a little child according to the text?                                   【B】

A. Ms. Leon          B. Mr. Lewis        C. Mr. Moeller        D. Dr. Jeffers

49.According to the text, Jeffers is probably _______.                                【C】

A. a computer programmer                B. a test subject

C. a human brain expert                   D. a medical doctor

                        B

      Brave Frenchman Found Half-way Around the World

(NEW YORK) A French tourist highly praised for rescuing a two-year-old girl in Manhattan said he didn’t think twice before diving into the freezing East River.

Tuesday’s Daily News said 29-year who left the spot quickly after the rescue last Saturday.

He lifted the little girl out of the water after she fell off the bank at the South Street Scaport museum. He handed the girl to her father ,David Anderson, who had dive in after him.

“I didn’t think at all,”  Duret told the Daily News. “ It happened very fast. I reacted very fast.”

Duret, an engineer on vacation ,was walking with his gi rlfriend along the pier(码头)when he saw something falling  into the water .He thought it was a doll, but realized it was a child when he approached the river. In an instant ,he took off his coat and jumped into the water.

When he reached the girl, she appeared lifeless, he said . Fortunately, when she was out of the water, she opened her eyes.

Anderson said his daughter slipped off the bank when he was adjusting his camera. An ambulance came later for her, said Duret, who was handed dry clothes from cookers. Duret caught a train with his girlfriend shortly after.

The rescue happened on the day before he left for France. Duret said he didn’t realize his tale of heroism he was leaving the next morning .

“I don’t really think I’m a hero,” said Duret. “Anyone would do the same ting.”

50.why was Duret in NewYork?     【C】

A. To meet his girlfriend              B. To work as an engineer

C. To spend his holiday               D. To visit the Andersons.

51. What did duret do shortly after the ambulance came?              (D)

A. He was interviewed by a newspaper

B. He asked his girlfriend for his dry clothes

C. He went to the hospital in the ambulance

D. He disappeared from the spot quic kly

52. Who divide after duret into the river to save the little girl?          (A)

A. David Anderson   B. a passer-by    C. his girlfriend     D. a taxi driver.

53. When was duet most probably found to be the very hero?         (B)

A.  the day when he was leaving for home.

B. a couple of days after the girl was rescued

C. the first day when he was in New York

D. the same day when he was interviewed.

                         The 1900 house

  The bowler family was one of more than 400 families who applied to 1900 house, a reality TV shout which took a typical family back a hundred years to se how people lived in the days before the internet, computer games and even electricity.

  The bowler family spent three months in a London home without a telephone, computers, TV, or fast food. The bowlers wore clothes from 1900, are only food available in English at that time, and cooked their meals on a single stove. Paul bowler still went to work every day in a then uniform. The children changed their clothes on the way to and from school and their classmates didn’t know about then unusual home life. Joyce stayed at home, cooking and cleaning like a typical housewife of the time, though everything took three times as long.

 So does Joyce think that people’s lives were better in the old days?

 “I think people in the old days had just ad many troubles and worries,” Joyce said.

And I don’t think their life was better or worse, there were lots of things back then that

I’m happy I don’t have to deal with nowadays, but on the other hand life was simpler.” “We had a lot more time with our family, and it was hard being nice to each other all the time,” eleven-year-old Hilary said.

   So what did the Bowler family miss most about modern life while living in the 1900 house?

   Paul,39:” telephone and a hot shower”

   Joyce,44:” a quick cup of tea from a kettle you could just turn on”

   Hilary,11:” rock CD”

   Joseph,9:” hamburger and computer games”

54.While the Bowler family was living in 1900 house,_____.                         [A]

A the mother spent more time on housework

B the two children wore the then clothes for school

C they prepared their meals together on a stove

D they ate simple foods they had never seen

55. According to Paragraph 4, what’s Jovce’s opinion about life in 1900?                [C]

A There were fewer problems for the family

B Life was simpler but worse than it is now

C There were things she liked and disliked

D The family had more time to stay together

56.What would Hilary expect most from modern life in the three months?                [C]

A To play computer games             B To make phone calls

C To listen to music                  D To chat on the Internet   

      For these reasons, I believe that lawmakers need to legislate (立法) against spam. Spammers should be fined, and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people. E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently, but spam is destroying this convenience.

57.What does the underlined word “correspondence” in the Paragraph 1 probably mean?                                                          【A】

  A. messages     B. ideas          C. connections         D .programs

58.According to the text, what is the major cause of the flooding spam?     【D】

  A. Companies rely on e-mail for communications.

B. More people in the world communicate by e-mail.

C. Many computer viruses contain spam e-mail.

D. More advertisers begin to promote sales through spam.

59.According to Paragraph 3,who is the final victim of spam?              【D】

 A. The business                 B. The advertiser        

 C. The employee               D. The consumer

D

     When I first got an email account ten years ago, I received communications only from family,friends,and colleagues.Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail ,I have an endless seriers of advertisement and otner correspondence that do not interest the at all.If we want e-mail to continue to be useful,we need special laws that make spamming(发送垃圾邮件) a crime.

     This problem is troubling for inviduals and companies as well. Many spam emails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company.Companies rely on e-mail on on e-mail for their Comployees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local commnications networks,and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively.such a situationg results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repai their networks.These computer problems raise productton costs of companies ,which are,in the end,passed on to the consumer.

 

 

       60.What is the purpose of the text?

       A.To inform                 B.To educate                 C.To persuade               D.To instruet

       第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）

       根据短文内容，从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。

AGift giving proven to be valuable. B.Memories from gift giving C.Moments and events for gift giving D.Various functions of gift giving E.Gitt giving as a wasteful practice F.Gift giving as a two-way social activity

Gift Giving

61. C

       There are many occasions（场合） for giving gifts in modern industrialinzed societies;birthdays,naming ceremonies, weddings, anniversaries, New Year, It is common to give gifts on many of these celebrations in western cultures. In addition, special events, such as one’ s first day of school or graduation from university, often require gift fiving.

       62.  F

       What is happening when we give gifts? Most important, we are exchanging gifts. If someone gives me a gift for my birthday, I know that I am usually expected to give one on his or her next birthday. A gift builds up or confirms a social oblingation（义务）.

       63.  D

       Gifts tighten personal relationships and provide a means of communication between loved ones. People say that a gift lets the recipient（接受者） know we are thinking of them, and that we want to make the person “feel special.”We want people to feel wanted, to feel part of our social or family group. We give presents to say “I’m sorry.”Sometimes it is difficult for us to find a present that someone will like. Sometimes we give things that we like or would frrl comfortable with. In all these cases, the gifts are sending out messages－often very expressive ones.

64. B

       People tend to talk about presents in a fairly loving way. A woman whose mother had died years ago described the many gifts around her house.These were gifts that her mother had given her over the years:“I appreciate these, and they mean something to me,”the woman said,“because I remember the occasions they were given on, and that they were from my mother, and the relationship we’ve had.”The gifts remain and keep the relationship alive in mind. This woman felt the same way about the gifts she gave to others. She hoped that the recipients would look at here gifts in years to come and

       65. A

       Emotions(情感)like these suggest that a positive spirit still lies behind gift giving. They prove that the anthropologist Claude Levi-Strauss was wrong to say that modern western gift giving is highly wasteful. Studies in Canada and elsewhere have also shown that this is not the case. Each gift is unique even if so many are given.The emotional benefit for those who exchange gifts is the very reason for the tradition to continue.

       第三部分       写作（共三节，满分55分）

       第一节    单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

       根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出对应单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。

       66.The car is running at a speed/rate(速度)of eighty kilometers an hour.

       67.The teacher is glad that everyone in her class iseager(渴望的)to learn.

       68.Jeff has thehabit(习惯)of listening to music while reading.

       69.Mr. White has been absent/away（缺席的）from work for days, so he knows nothing about our new plan.

70.He tried to explain（解释）,but she wouldn’t listen.

71.The local government is discussing（讨论）how to help the poor in the countryside.

72.When things aren’t going well, my parents always encourage（鼓励）me, telling me not to give u p.

73.Miss Harper closed her eyes and pretended（假装）to be asleep.

74.We sat chatting for a few minutes（分钟）after finishing our meal.

75.I have been deeply（深深地）impressed by a number of experiences in her life.

第二节  短文改错（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15 分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线（  ），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My sister saw a lovely cup when we are shopping the other day. She liked it at once. Then

                             were

she bent down and picked ^ up to look at a price on it. As she did this, lots of tea splashed on his

                     it          the                                        her

T-shirt! I had to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face! My sister wanted ^ get out of the shop

                 Hard                                         to

as fast as she could when a shop assistant came over to us. It w\asturned out to be her own cup, that she’d left on the shelf by mistake. The assistant was clearly as embarrassing as my sister,

which                                                 embarrassed           

for I just thought it was funny!

But/yet/while/and

       第三节  书面表达（满分30分）

       假定你是李华。你们学校和一所美国中学签署了教师交流协议。在过去的一年里，你们的英文老师是来自这所中学的Sue Wood。不久前她返回美国任教。请你根据写作要点和要求给Sue写封电子邮件。

       写作要点：

       1.对她表达感谢之意;                        2.介绍她离开后你自己及班里发生的事情;

       3.希望了解她的近况。                     

       要求：

       1.短文须写在答题卡的指定区域。           2.短文词数不少于100（不含已写好的部分）。

       3.内 容充实，结构完整，语意连贯。              4.书写须清晰、工整。

       5.邮件中不能体现本人真实信息。

       Dear Sure,

       I’m Li Hua, one of your students in China. It’s almost a month since you left us. We all miss you and are very grateful for what you did for us.

       We are busy as usual. We had an English speech contest the other day. I won the first prize! This again reminds me of all your kind help. Do you still remember the trees we planted together on the hill behind the school? Yesterday, we went there and watered them. The tree you planted yourself is growing well, and the whole class decided to name it Sue Wood. Will you come back to see Sue Wood?

       How is everything with you lately? We hope to know more about you and your American students. Hope to keep in close touch.

       All the best

       Li Hua

       B卷选择题答案

       第一部分：英语知识运用（1~45）

       1.B  2.D  3.C  4.A  5.B  6.E  7.A  8.C  9.F  10.B              11.C        12.B              13C.              14.B              15.A              16.B              17.C              18.D              19.A              20.D              21.B              22.B              23.C              24.C              25.D              26.C              27.A              28.D              29.D              30.D              31.B              32.D              33.A              34.A              35.D              36.C              37.C              38.A              39.B              40.D              41.A              42.B              44.D              45.B

       第二部分：阅读理解(46~55)

       46.C              47.D              48.C              49.B              50.B              51.A              52.D              53.C              54.D              55.B              56.B              51.D              58.A              59.A              60.B              61.E              62.F        63.A      

       64.C              65.D

2010陕西高考英语陕西卷解析

2010年高考陕西卷答案解析

1.     A

2.     C

3.     D

4.     B

5.     A

6.     C

7.     G

8.     E

9.     B

10.  F

11.  D。【解析】考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句，先行词是the old temple，关系词在从句中做roof的定语，用关系代词whose，选D。其余选项与题意不符。

12.  A。【解析】考查代词。所填词用于比较状语从句中，指代句子的主语cost，即指代不可数名词，用that。This指代下文即将提到的事物；it指代“同一物”；one指代“同类中的一个”之意。

13.  D。【解析】考查交际用语。A项意思是：我不确信；B项意思是：我希望不会；C项意思是：我宁愿不；D项意思是：我认为不会。根据应答句的后一分句意思可知所填部分表示对前一人的观点的否定，故选D。

14.  A。【解析】考查动词短语辨析。Agree with：同意，赞成；与……相适应；agree to：同意，赞成（观点，看法等）；agree on：就……达成协议；agree about：对...... 有相同的看法。题干意思是：你看上去很好。我认为：三亚的空气和海鲜很适合你。选A。

24.  D。【解析】考查动词时态，语态及主谓一致。由时间状语at present可知此处动词表示的动作正在进行，主语与所填词是被动关系；many a+名词单数做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，由此可知本题选D。

25.  C。【解析】考查交际用语。Have a nice time：祝你玩的高兴；pardon me：原谅我；that’s great：那太好了；you are right：你说的对。由问句中的shall we...？可知表示征求意见，由此情景可知此处选C。

完型填空

文章导读：“我”曾经是个很自私的人，但是一次特殊的经历教育了“我”——一天午饭时间，“我”出了办公楼去买午饭时，“我”看到门口站着一个衣衫褴褛的年轻艺人在表演，他面前放着帽子，在向路人乞讨，“我”虽然兜里有一些硬币，但“我”想用它们买我喜欢的可乐或巧克力，“我”就想：也许他会拿乞讨来的钱去买毒品或去酗酒。“我”犹豫再三，最后依依不舍地将兜里的零钱放进他的帽子里，“我”站在哪里等了一会儿，但没有体验到“我”想要的满足感，“我”想：这钱是浪费了。而当“我”下午下班回家时，“我”看到那位乞丐走进一家小餐馆，他把自己帽子里乞讨来的所有钱都倒进了设在那里的地震灾区捐款箱内，原来，他在为慈善事业乞讨，从哪以后，“我”每次都将“我”所有的零钱投进捐款箱里，也从此体验到了付出的快乐。

45 D。【解析】根据动词donate和have可以推断出此处选D。

阅读理解

A

【文章导读】本文是一篇报刊新闻，大意是说明本月内心理专家Jeffers博士将做客本报心理咨询栏目，回答读者提出的各种问题。

46.  B。【解析】推理判断题。根据第一个问题的应答的最后一句可以推断出本题选B。

47.  A。【解析】推理判断题。由问题二的应答句中but it causes a mild panic reaction when there is an unexpected feeling.可知本题选A。

48.  B。【解析】推理判断题，根据问题二可知本题选B。

58 D。【解析】推理判断题。由第二自然段中的As more and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products, individual e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails.一句可知本题选D。

59.  D。【解析】推理判断题。根据本段的最后一句可知本题选D。

60.  C。【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知本文作者摆出了垃圾邮件的危害，其目的是说服立法人员尽快出台法律阻止垃圾邮件的蔓延，故本题选C。

61.  C。【解析】根据本段首句中的occasions和最后一句中的special events可知本段大意选C。

62.  F。【解析】由本段的最后一句可知推断出本段大意选F。

63.  D。【解析】根据本自然段的主题句——最后一句可知本题选D。

64.  B。【解析】根据本段首句可以推断出本段大意是说明礼物可以给予人们美好的会议，故选B。

65.  A。【解析】有本段末句可以推断出本题大意选A。

书面表达

【写作指导】本题要求是应用文写作，材料比较详细，信息量大，这对于考生发挥很有好处，考生需要在写作之前认真审题，弄清材料的具体要求，命题的意图和写作的目的，认真组织语言，并注意行文的逻辑性，连贯性和书写的整齐，以及卷面的整洁度。