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There be句型与练习
There be表示“存在, 有”。其中there是引导词,本身无词义;be为谓语动词,后面跟的名词,实际上就是主语。是倒装句型。
一、 注意事项：
1. there be 结构中的be 是可以运用各种时态的。
There is going to be a meeting tonight.今晚有个会议。
There was a knock at the door.有人敲门。
There has been a girl waiting for you.有个女孩一直在等你。
There will be rain soon.不久天就要下雨了。
2. 动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。并且要根据就近原则来变换be 的单复数形式。如： There is a book on the desk. 课桌上有一本书。 There is a shop at the corner, where you can buy fruits.
在拐角处有家商店,你可以在那里买水果。
— How many birds are there in the tree? — There is only one bird in the tree./ None.
How many people are there in the city? 这个城市里有多少人口?
There is a pen and two books on the desk. 课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。
There are two books and a pen on the desk. 课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。
There are some students and a teacher in the classroom. 在教室里有一些学生和一位老师。
There is a teacher and some students in the classroom. 在教室里有一位老师和一些学生。
3. 在there be引起的句子结构中，用来修饰主语，用不定式主动形式和被动形式均可。
There is no time to lose (= to be lost).时间紧迫。
There is nothing to see (=to be seen).看不见有什么。
There is nothing to do (=to be done) 无事可做。
二、 结构变形：
1. 在there be 结构中还可把be换成其他系动词。如：
There used/ seem (s/ed) /appear / happen(s)…to be (曾经有/ 好像有/ 碰巧有…)
There seemed to be sth. wrong with my computer.
There appeared to be nobody willing to help. 看来没人愿意帮忙。
There used to be a building here. 过去这儿有一座楼房。
There used to be a small shop here. There used to be dinosaurs on the earth.
There happened to be a man walking by. 碰巧有个人在此经过。
There happened to be a policeman there.
There doesn't seem to be much hope. 好象没有太大的希望。
注意：变否定句和一般疑问句时，除be外，其他动词有借助do的不同形式来构成否定句和一般疑问句。构成反义疑问句时，用there代替主语构成简单问句。
There usedn’t to be a church here, used/ did there?
There appears to be no doubt as to his honest, doesn’t there? 对他的诚实似乎不用怀疑。
2. 根据表达的需要, 还可以在There与 be之间加上各种情态动词, 如：can, may, must, should, will等,构成:There will /may/must/can… be... 如: 1). There will be another bridge across the Yellow River with the quick development of the economy of China. 随着中国经济的飞速发展,黄河上将有另一座桥。 2). There must be some rules for the changes. 这些变化中一定有规律。 There must be something wrong. 一定有问题。 There must be something wrong with my bike. 3). There has to someone to call the police. 必须得有人报警。 4). There may be some errors, but the composition, as a whole, is beyond praise. 这篇作文可能有些小错误,但总的来说是非常好的。 5). There should be some steps to prevent such accidents. 要防止这样的事故,应该采取一些措施。
6). There might be snow at night. 晚上可能有雪。
7). There might still be hope. 可能还有点希望。
8). There ought not to be so many people. 不应该有这么多的人。
3. 在there be句型中的be还可以换成其他的动词与there连用，这些词都是表示状态的如：
live, lie, stand, exist, remain等或用来描写某事的发生或某人的到达让come, appear，enter，follow，occur等。
There lived a rich man.这以前住着一个富翁。
There stands a tree at the top of the hill.
Then there came a knock at the door.然后有人敲门。
Long, long ago, there lived a king.很久很久以前，有一个国王。
There followed a terrible noise.然后是传来了可怕的声音。
Suddenly there entered a strange man.突然进来了一个奇怪的人。
三、 特殊的表达方式：
1. There is no sense in doing 做某事是没有用的，没有意义的
There is no sense in making him angry.跟他生气是没有用的。
There in no sense in going alone. 一个人去是没有好处的。
2. There is no use /good doing 做某事是没有用的，没有好处的
There is no use trying to explain it.解释是没有必要的。
There is no good/use going there. 去那儿是没有好处的。
3. There is no need (for sb) to do 没有必要做某事，做某事是没有必要的
There is no need to worry. 没有必要担心。
There is no need to give him so much money. 根本没有必要给他那么多的钱。
There is no need for you to get up early.
4. There is no point (in) doing sth… 做…是没有意义的
There is no point in trying to persuade him; he will never change his mind.
5. There is no doing sth (= it is impossible to do sth)…（口语）不可能做…
There is no telling when he will be back.无法知道他什么时候回来。
There is no telling what will happen next.下一步还不知道会发生什么事呢。 There is no knowing what he is doing. 无法知道他在做什么。 There is no knowing what may happen tomorrow. 谁也不知道明天将发生什么。
6. There is thought/said/reported to be 人们认为有/据说有/据报道有
There is thought to be an army between in these two countries。
人们认为在这两国之间有一场战争。
There is reported to be a better way to cure cancer.
据报道，找到了一种更好的治疗癌症的方法。
7. There is no doubt that 毫无疑问
There is no doubt that we did the right thing. 毫无疑问我们做得对。
8. There is a chance/possibility that 有可能…
There is a slight chance that he will be back in time. 他及时赶回来的可能性很小。
四、there be句式的非限定形式。
There be 的非限定形式有两种，即there to be 和there being。其中there being是there be的非谓语动词形式。如：
There being nowhere to hide, the thief was caught by the students.
(there was/is nowhere to hide/ There nowhere to hide)
There be的非谓语形式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语和定语。
1. 作主语
作主语时，结构两种都可以，一般是There being结构，当句式中有for时，则要用there to be如：
There being a shop here is a great advantage. 这儿有个商店，真是方便极了。
There being a house with a garden is of great value. 拥有花园的房子是很有价值的。
It is impossible for there to be any more. 不可能再有了。
It is uncommon for there to be problems of communication between old and young.
老人与年青人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。
There being a kindergarten on campus is a great convenience to female teachers.
幼儿园在校园内对女教师十分方便。
2. 作宾语
作动词宾语时，通常用there to be结构，而不用there being结构。
常见动词有：expect, like, mean, intend, want, prefer, hate等：
We expect there to be no argument.我们希望不会出现争吵。
People don't want there to be anther war.人们不希望再有战争。
We don’t want there to be any comrades lagging behind. 我们不希望有任何同志掉队。
They hate there to be long queues everywhere. 他们不愿意处处都要排长队。
We have no objection to (介词) there being a meeting here. 我们并不反对在这里开会。
He never dreamed of there being a chance for him to be sent to China very soon.
他做梦都没有想到这么快自己就有机会被送到中国了。
作介词的宾语一般用There being句式，但当是for时一般用there to be句式。
This depended on there being a sudden change. 这需要有一个突然的改变。
The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老师在等着大家都安静下来。
The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams. (作宾语)
3. 作状语
用作状语时通常用there being结构，但若置于介词for之后，应用there to be。
There being no buses, we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车，我们不得不走着回家。 There being no bus, we had to take a taxi. 因为没有公共汽车,我们只好乘出租车。 There being no milk, we went to the supermarket to buy some.
There being no nobody in the room, we realized that there was no use crying.
屋里没人，我们意识到哭喊是没有用的。
There being nothing else to do, we went home happily. 由于没事可做，我们快乐地回家了。
It’s too early for there to be anybody up.太早了，还不会有人起床。(程度状语)
There being nobody else at hand, I had to do by myself. 由于附近没有人，我只得独自干了。
There having been no rain for a long time, the ground was very dry.
因为好长时间没有下雨了，地面非常干燥。(原因状语)
It isn’t enough for there to be a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim’s car out quite safely.
注意：如果句中出现for时应用there to be。
It was too late for there to be any buses. 太晚了，没有公共汽车了。 It was unusual for there to be so few flowers in the park. 公园里只有这么一点花是不同寻常的。
4. there be结构作定语时，从句中的谓语为there be，there之前的关系代词常常省略。如：
This is the fastest train (that) there is to Nanking.这是到南京的最快一班车了。
I must make full use of the time there is left to me and do as much as I can for the people.
我要充分利用我剩下的岁月尽量为人民多做些事。 I. "There to be"的用法及意义: A. "There to be" 可以用作一个动词的宾语,我们通常称之为复合宾语,其意义常表示对将来的一种意愿或希望,但目前还没"存在"。例如: 1. Would you like there to be a hospital near your home? 你想在你家附近有家医院吗? (事实上,目前还没有医院。划线部分作动词like的宾语) 2. We teachers don't want there to be any students staying in the classroom after school. 我们老师不希望有任何学生放学后留在教室里。 (实际上所有的学生放学后都离校) 3. She doesn't hope there to be any quarrel between me and her. 她不希望我们之间有什么争吵。(对将来的一种希望) B. There to be也可以用在句型 "It be + adj. for..."中。例如: 1. It is impossible for there to be any more chance. 不可能再有机会。 2. It was too late for there to be any open shops. 时间太晚了,不会有营业的商店了。 3. It is important for there to be a free school for the poor children. 给贫困的孩子建一所免费学校太重要了。 II. "There being"的用法及意义: A. There being可以用作一个介词的复合宾语,跟 "There to be"不同是:"There to be"往往表示目前"没有存在"的事物;而"There being"则通常表示"已经存在"的事情。请看: 1. The Chinese are proud of there being the Great Wall in North China. 中国人以在中国北部有个长城而自豪。 2. No one told him about there being a meeting that afternoon. 没人告诉他那天下午有个会。 3. You were wrong about there being some misunderstandings between us. 认为我们之间有误解,那你就错了。 B. There being还可以用作副词,在语法上叫"独立结构"。如: 1. There being nothing to do, we went home separately. 由于没有什么事要做, 我们就各自回家了。 2. There being no teacher in the classroom, the pupils began to talk freely. 由于教室里没有教师,学生们开始自由交谈。
练习：
1. ___ a reading lamp on the table.
A. There is B. There has C. It is D. It has
2. What a rainy summer we’ve had!
Yes, there______ only 3 sunny weekends the whole summer.
A. have been B. are C. had been D. has been
3. I didn't want _____ to be a war between these two countries.
A. it B. them C. there D. their
4. There is reported ______a number of the wounded on both sides.
A. to be B. being C. was D. will be
5. ______ no coffee left, they had to make do with tea.
A. It being B. There being C. It was D. There was
6. There is a little hope of ______ a settlement of the argument.
A. to be B. there to be C. there being D. being
7. I don't expect there ______ any misunderstanding.
A. is B. to be C. being D. will be
8. There are five pairs______, but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A. to choose B. to choose from C. to be chosen D. for my choosing
9. There is no use______ a lot without ______ anything.
A. to talk, do B. talked, doing C. talking, being done D. talking, doing
10. If the storm had happened in the day-time, there ______ many more deaths.
A. were B. would have been C. had been D. would be
11. Look! ______.
A. There comes the bus B. There the bus comes
C. The bus comes here D. There does the bus come
12. ______ Mary with a baby in here arms just when I was about to leave.
A. There enter B. There entered C. Entered there D. There entered into
13. There are a lot of people ______ for the bus to come.
A. waiting B. to wait C. waited D. is waiting
14. The little girl is afraid to enter the house, because ______ a big dog at the gate.
A. lies there B. lays there C. there lies D. there lays
15. About twenty-three centuries ago, ______.
A. there lived in Greece a great thinker who called Aristotle
B. a great thinker lived in Greece calling Aristotle
C. lived there in Greece a great thinker called Aristotle
D. there lived in Greece a great thinker named Aristotle
16. ______ plenty of water in this river.
A. There used to being B. There used to be
C. There is used to being D. There was used to be
17. What a pity, my new computer doesn't work. ______ must be something wrong with it.
A. It B. There C. This D. That
18. ______ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.
A. It has B. There has C. It is D. There is
19. Let’s get through the work quickly. ______ seems to be little time left now.
A. It B. That C. There D. we
20. ______appeared to be a war between his heart and his mind.
A. There B. It C. Where D. What
答案：
1. A 2A 3C 4A 5B 6. C 7B 8B 9D 10B
11. A 12B 13A 14C 15D 16. B 17B 18D 19C 20A
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