罗马尼亚君主列表

罗马尼亚君主列表

选自中文及英文维基百科

瓦拉几亚统治者列表 统治者 年份 家族王朝 注释 1.塞内斯拉夫 Seneslau c. 1247 - Voivode on the eastern side of the Olt River (around the Arges). 2.利托沃伊 Litovoi 1247 - 1277 - Voivode on the western side of the Olt River. 3.伯尔巴特 Barbat c. 1277 - 1290 - brother of Litovoi 4.托科梅里乌斯 Thocomerius c. 1290 - 1310 - some propose Tihomir as a more accurate rendition 5.拉杜·内格鲁大公 Radu Negru c. 1300 - legendary voivode of Wallachia; some historians consider it to be just a nickname of Thocomerius or Basarab I Wallachian principality attested in the early 14th century. 6.巴萨拉布一世 Basarab I c. 1310 - 1352 Basarab son of Thocomerius; first non-legendary ruler of Wallachia; later also called Basarab Intemeietorul (Basarab the Founder); 7.尼古拉·亚历山德鲁 Nicolae Alexandru 1352 - 1364 Basarab son of Basarab I 8.弗拉迪斯拉夫一世 Vladislav I c. 1364 - 1377 Basarab son of Nicolae Alexandru; also known as Vlaicu-Voda 9.拉杜一世 Radu I c. 1377 - 1383 Basarab son of Nicolae Alexandru 10.达恩一世 Dan I c. 1383 - 1386 Danesti son of Radu I 11.米尔恰一世 Mircea cel Batran (Mircea the Elder) 1386 - 1418 Basarab son of Radu I 12.弗拉德一世 Vlad I Uzurpatorul (Vlad I the Usurper) 1394 - 1397 - - 13.米哈伊尔一世 Mihail I 1418 - 1420 Basarab son of Mircea cel Batran 14.达恩二世 Dan II 1420 - 1421 Danesti son of Dan I, member of the Order of the Dragon; 1st rule 15.拉杜二世 Radu II Chelul (Radu the Bald) 1421 Basarab son of Mircea cel Batran; 1st rule 16.达恩二世 Dan II 1421 - 1423 Danesti 2nd rule 17.拉杜二世 Radu II Chelul 1423 Basarab 2nd rule 18.达恩二世 Dan II 1423 - 1424 Danesti 3rd rule 19.拉杜二世 Radu II Chelul 1424 - 1426 Basarab 3rd rule 20.达恩二世 Dan II 1426 - 1427 Danesti 4th rule 21.拉杜二世 Radu II Chelul 1427 Basarab 4th rule 22.达恩二世 Dan II 1427 - 1431 Danesti 5th rule 23.亚历山德鲁一世 Alexandru I Aldea 1431 - 1436 - - 24.弗拉德二世 Vlad II Dracul 1436 - 1442 Draculesti illegitimate son of Mircea cel Batran; member of the Order of the Dragon (thus Dracul); 1st rule 25.米尔恰二世 Mircea II 1442 Draculesti son of Vlad II Dracul 26.巴萨拉布二世 Basarab II 1442 - 1443 Danesti son of Dan II 27.弗拉德二世 Vlad II Dracul 1443 - 1447 Draculesti 2nd rule 28.弗拉迪斯拉夫二世 Vladislav II 1447 - 1448 Danesti son of Dan II; supported by John Hunyadi, Regent of Hungary; 1st rule 29.弗拉德三世 Vlad III Tepes (Vlad the Impaler) 1448 Draculesti son of Vlad II Dracul, thus called Vlad Dracula (son of Dracul); 1st rule 30.弗拉迪斯拉夫二世 Vladislav II 1448 - 1456 Danesti son of Dan II; supported by John Hunyadi, Regent of Hungary; 2nd rule 32.弗拉德三世 Vlad III Tepes 1456 - 1462 Draculesti 2nd rule 33.拉杜三世 Radu cel Frumos (Radu the Fair) 1462 - 1473 Draculesti son of Vlad II Dracul; 1st rule 34.巴萨拉布三世 Basarab Laiota cel Batran (Basarab Laiota the Elder) 1473 Danesti son of Dan II; 1st rule 35.拉杜三世 Radu cel Frumos 1473 - 1474 Draculesti 2nd rule 36.巴萨拉布三世 Basarab Laiota cel Batran 1474 Danesti 2nd rule 37.拉杜三世 Radu cel Frumos 1474 Draculesti 3rd rule 38.巴萨拉布三世 Basarab Laiota cel Batran 1474 Danesti 3rd rule 39.拉杜三世 Radu cel Frumos 1474 - 1475 Draculesti 4th rule 40.巴萨拉布三世 Basarab Laiota cel Batran 1475 - 1476 Danesti 4th rule 41.弗拉德三世 Vlad III Tepes 1476 Draculesti 3rd rule 42.巴萨拉布三世 Basarab Laiota cel Batran 1476 - 1477 Danesti 5th rule 43.巴萨拉布四世 Basarab Tepelus cel Tanar (Basarab Tepelus the Younger) 1477 - 1481 Danesti son of Bassarab II; 1st rule 44.米尔恰二世 Mircea 1481 - - 45.弗拉德四世 Vlad Calugarul (Vlad the Monk) 1481 Draculesti son of Vlad II Dracul; 1st rule 46.巴萨拉布四世 Basarab Tepelus cel Tanar 1481 - 1482 Danesti 2nd rule 48.弗拉德四世 Vlad Calugarul 1482 - 1485 Draculesti 2nd rule 49.拉杜四世 Radu cel Mare (Radu the Great) 1495 - 1508 Draculesti son of Vlad Calugarul 50.米赫内亚一世 Mihnea cel Rau (Mihnea the Mean) 1508 - 1509 Draculesti son of Vlad III Tepes 51.米尔恰三世 Mircea III 1509 - 1510 Draculesti son of Mihnea cel Rau 52.弗拉德五世 Vlad cel Tanar (Vlad the Younger) 1510 - 1512 Draculesti nephew of son Radu cel Mare; also known as Vladut 53.内亚戈耶·巴萨拉布 Neagoe Basarab 1512 - 1521 Craiovesti - 54.特奥多西耶 Teodosie 1521 - 1st rule 55.弗拉德·克卢格鲁 Vlad Calugarul 1521 Draculesti 3rd rule 56.特奥多西耶 Teodosie 1521 - 1522 - 2nd rule 57.拉杜五世 Radu of Afumati 1522 - 1523 Draculesti illegitimate son of Radu cel Mare; allied with Craiovesti; 1st rule 58.弗拉迪斯拉夫三世 Vladislav III 1523 Danesti son of Vladislav II; 1st rule 59.拉杜六世 Radu Badica 1523 - 1524 - - 60.拉杜五世 Radu of Afumati 1524 Craiovesti 2nd rule 61.弗拉迪斯拉夫三世 Vladislav III 1524 Danesti 2nd rule 62.拉杜五世 Radu of Afumati 1524 - 1525 Craiovesti 3rd rule 63.弗拉迪斯拉夫三世 Vladislav III 1525 Danesti 3rd rule 64.拉杜五世 Radu of Afumati 1525 - 1529 Craiovesti 4th rule 65.巴萨拉布五世 Basarab V 1529 - - 66.莫伊塞大公 Moise 1529 - 1530 - - 67.弗拉德六世 Vlad Inecatul (Vlad the Drowned) 1530 - 1532 Draculesti son of Vlad cel Tanar 68.弗拉德七世 Vlad Vintila de la Slatina 1532 - 1535 Draculesti son of Radu cel Mare 69.拉杜·帕伊谢 Radu Paisie 1535 - 1545 Draculesti son of Vlad Vintila de la Slatina 70.米尔恰·乔巴努尔 Mircea Ciobanul (Mircea the Shepherd) 1545 - 1552 Draculesti son of Radu cel Mare; 1st rule 71.拉杜·伊利耶·哈伊德乌尔 Radu Ilie Haidaul (Radu Ilie the Cowherd) 1552 - 1553 Draculesti son of Radu de la Afumati 72.米尔恰·乔巴努尔 Mircea Ciobanul 1553 - 1554 Draculesti 2nd rule 73.珀特拉什库 Petru Patrascu cel Bun (Patrascu the Kind) 1554 - 1558 Draculesti son of Radu Paisie; 3rd rule 74.米尔恰·乔巴努尔 Mircea Ciobanul 1558 - 1559 Draculesti 3rd rule 75.年轻的彼得鲁 Petru cel Tanar (Peter the Younger) 1559 - 1568 Draculesti son of Mircea Ciobanul 76.亚历山德鲁二世·米尔恰 Alexandru II Mircea 1568 - 1574 Draculesti son of Mircea II; popularly called Oaie Seaca (Barren Sheep); 1st rule 77.温蒂勒 Vintila 1574 Draculesti son of Petru Patrascu cel Bun 78.亚历山德鲁二世·米尔恰 Alexandru II Mircea 1574 - 1577 Draculesti 2nd rule 79.米赫内亚二世 Minhea II Turcitul (Mihnea the Turned-Turk) 1577 - 1583 Draculesti son of Alexandru II Mircea; 1st rule 80.彼得鲁·切尔切尔 Petru Cercel (Peter Earring) 1583 - 1585 Draculesti son of Petru Patrascu cel Bun 81.米赫内亚二世 Minhea II Turcitul 1585 - 1591 Draculesti 2nd rule 82.斯特凡·苏尔杜尔 Stefan Surdul (Stephen the Deaf) 1591 - 1592 - - 83.亚历山德鲁三世 Alexandru cel Rau (Alexander the Mean) 1592 - 1593 - also ruled Moldavia (1592) 84.勇敢者米哈伊 Mihai Viteazul (Michael the Brave) 1593 - 1600 Draculesti illegitimate son of Petru Patrascu cel Bun; also ruled Transylvania (1599-1600) and Moldavia (1600), briefly uniting the three principalities. 85.西米翁·莫维勒 Simion Movila 1600 - 1601 Movilesti 1st rule 86.拉杜·米赫内亚 Radu Mihnea 1601 - 1602 Draculesti son of Minhea II Turcitul; 1st rule 87.西米翁·莫维勒 Simion Movila 1602 Movilesti 2nd rule 88.拉杜·谢尔班 Radu Serban 1602 - 1610 - 1st rule 89.加布里埃尔·巴托里 Gabriel Bathory 1611 Bathory also Prince of Transylvania 90.拉杜·米赫内亚 Radu Mihnea 1611 Draculesti 2nd rule 91.拉杜·谢尔班 Radu Serban 1611 - 2nd rule 92.拉杜·米赫内亚 Radu Mihnea 1611 - 1616 Draculesti 3rd rule 93.加夫里尔·莫维勒 Gabriel Movila 1616 Movilesti son of Simion Movila; 1st rule 94.亚历山德鲁·伊利亚什 Alexandru Ilias 1616 - 1618 - 1st rule 95.加夫里尔·莫维勒 Gabriel Movila 1618 - 1620 Movilesti 2nd rule 96.拉杜·米赫内亚 Radu Mihnea 1620 - 1623 Draculesti 4th rule 97.亚历山德鲁·科科努尔 Alexandru Coconul (Alexander the Child-Prince) 1623 - 1627 Draculesti son of Radu Mihnea 98.亚历山德鲁·伊利亚什 Alexandru Ilias 1627 - 1629 - 2nd rule 99.列昂·托姆沙 Leon Tomsa 1629 - 1632 - - 100.拉杜·伊利亚什 Radu Ilias 1632 - - 101.马特埃·巴萨拉布 Matei Basarab 1632 - 1654 Brancovenesti - 102.康斯坦丁·谢尔班 Constantin Serban 1654 - 1658 - illegitimate son of Radu Serban 103.米赫内亚三世 Mihnea III 1658 - 1659 - - 104.格奥尔基·吉卡 Gheorghe Ghica 1659 - 1660 Ghica - 105.格里戈雷一世·吉卡 Grigore I Ghica 1660 - 1664 Ghica 1st rule 106.拉杜·列昂 Radu Leon 1664 - 1669 - - 107.安东涅大公 Antonie Voda din Popesti 1669 - 1672 - - 108.格里戈雷一世·吉卡 Grigore I Ghica 1672 - 1673 Ghica 2nd rule 109.格奥尔基·杜卡 Gheorghe Duca 1673 - 1678 - - 110.谢尔班·坎塔库济诺 Serban Cantacuzino 1678 - 1688 Cantacuzene - 111.康斯坦丁·布伦科维亚努 Constantin Brancoveanu 1688 - 1714 Brancovenesti - 112.斯特凡·坎塔库济诺 Stefan Cantacuzino 1714 - 1715 Cantacuzene - Phanariote rule (1715 - 1821) 113.尼古拉·马夫罗科达特 Nicolae Mavrocordat 1715 - 1716 Mavrocordato 1st rule 114. Habsburg occupation 1716 - - 115.伊万·马夫罗科达特 Ioan Mavrocordat 1716 - 1719 Mavrocordato - 116.尼古拉·马夫罗科达特 Nicolae Mavrocordat 1719 - 1730 Mavrocordato 2nd rule 117.康斯坦丁·马夫罗科达特 Constantin Mavrocordat 1730 Mavrocordato 1st rule 118.米哈伊·拉科维策 Mihai Racovita 1730 - 1731 Racovita 1st rule 119.康斯坦丁·马夫罗科达特 Constantin Mavrocordat 1731 - 1733 Mavrocordato 2nd rule 120.格里戈雷二世·吉卡 Grigore II Ghica 1733 - 1735 Ghica 1st rule 121.康斯坦丁·马夫罗科达特 Constantin Mavrocordat 1735 - 1741 Mavrocordato 3rd rule 122.米哈伊·拉科维塔 Mihai Racovita 1741 - 1744 Racovita 2nd rule 123.康斯坦丁·马夫罗科达特 Constantin Mavrocordat 1744 - 1748 Mavrocordato 4th rule 124.格里戈雷二世·吉卡 Grigore II Ghica 1748 - 1752 Ghica 2nd rule 125.马特埃·吉卡 Matei Ghica 1752 - 1753 Ghica - 126.康斯坦丁·拉科维塔 Constantin Racovita 1753 - 1756 - 1st rule 127.康斯坦丁·马夫罗科达特 Constantin Mavrocordat 1756 - 1758 - 5th rule 128.斯卡尔拉特·吉卡 Scarlat Ghica 1758 - 1761 Ghica 1st rule 129.康斯坦丁·马夫罗科达特 Constantin Mavrocordat 1761 - 1763 - 6th rule 130.康斯坦丁·拉科维塔 Constantin Racovita 1763 - 1764 Racovita 2nd rule 131.斯特凡·拉科维塔 Stefan Racovita 1764 - 1765 Racovita - 132.斯卡尔拉特·吉卡 Scarlat Ghica 1765 - 1766 Ghica 2nd rule 133.亚历山德鲁一世·吉卡 Alexandru Ghica 1766 - 1768 Ghica - 134.俄国占领 Russian occupation 1768 - - 135.格里戈雷三世·吉卡 Grigore III Ghica 1768 - 1769 Ghica - 136.俄国占领 Russian occupation 1769 - 1770 - - 137.埃马努埃尔·贾尼-鲁塞特 Emanuel Giani Ruset 1770 - 1771 Rosetti also called Manole or Manolache 138.亚历山德鲁·伊普西兰蒂 Alexandru Ipsilanti 1774 - 1782 Ypsilanti 1st rule 139.尼古拉·卡拉贾 Nicolae Caragea 1782 - 1783 Caradja - 140.米哈伊·苏茨乌 Mihail Sutu 1783 - 1786 Soutzos 1st rule 141.尼古拉·马夫罗根尼 Nicolae Mavrogheni 1786 - 1789 - - 142. Habsburg occupation 1789 - 1790 - military commander: Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg 143.米哈伊·苏茨乌 Mihail Sutu 1791 - 1793 Soutzos 2nd rule 144.亚历山德鲁·莫鲁济 Alexandru Moruzi 1793 - 1796 Mourousi 1st rule 145.亚历山德鲁·伊普西兰蒂 Alexandru Ipsilanti 1796 - 1797 Ypsilanti 2nd rule 146.康斯坦丁·汉格尔利 Constantin Hangerli 1797 - 1799 - - 147.亚历山德鲁·莫鲁济 Alexandru Moruzi 1799 - 1801 Mourousi 2nd rule 148.米哈伊·苏茨乌 Mihail Sutu 1801 - 1802 Soutzos 3rd rule 149.亚历山德鲁·苏茨乌 Alexandru Sutu 1802 Soutzos - 150.康斯坦丁·伊普西兰蒂 Constantin Ipsilanti 1802-1806 Ypsilanti - 151.俄国占领 Russian occupation 1806 - 1812 - - 152.伊万·格奥尔基·卡拉贾 Ioan Gheorghe Caragea 1812 -1818 Caradja - 153.格里戈·布兰科维努 Caimacam Grigore Brancovenu 1818 - assisted by Vornic Barbu Vacarescu, Vistier Grigore Ghica and Logofat Samurcas 154.亚历山德鲁·苏茨乌 Alexandru Sutu 1818 - 1821 Soutzos - 155.格里戈·布兰科维努 Caimacam Grigore Brancoveanu 1821 - - 156.图多尔·弗拉迪米雷斯库 Tudor Vladimirescu 1821 - leader of the anti-Phanariote uprising 157.斯卡拉特·卡利马基 Scarlat Callimachi 1821 Callimachi - 158.格里戈雷四世·吉卡 Grigore IV Ghica 1822 - 1828 Ghica - 159.俄国占领 Russian occupation 1828 - 1834 - military commanders: Fyodor Pahlen, Pyotr Zheltukhin, and Pavel Kiseleff Organic Statute government (1832 - 1856) 160.亚历山德鲁二世·吉卡 Alexandru II Ghica 1834 - 1842 Ghica - 161.格奥尔基·比贝斯库 Gheorghe Bibescu 1842 - 1848 Bibescu - 162.临时政府 Provisional Government 1848 - Metropolitan Neofit II, assisted by Christian Tell, Ion Heliade Radulescu, Stefan Golescu, Gheorghe Magheru, Gheorghe Scurti 163.三人摄政团 Locotenenta domneasca (Regency of three) 1848 - Christian Tell, Ion Heliade Radulescu, Nicolae Golescu 164.奥斯曼与俄罗斯联合占领 Joint Ottoman and Russian occupation 1848 - 1851 - military commanders: Omar Pasha and Alexander von Lüders 165.康斯坦丁·坎塔库济诺 Caimacam Constantin Cantacuzino 1848 - - 166.巴尔布·什蒂尔贝伊 Barbu Stirbei 1848 - 1853 Stirbei 1st rule 167.俄国占领 Russian occupation 1853 - 1854 - - 168.奥斯曼帝国占领 Ottoman occupation 1854 - - 169.奥地利占领 Austrian occupation 1854 - 1856 - military commander: Johann Coronini-Cronberg 171.巴尔布·什蒂尔贝伊 Barbu Stirbei 1854-1856 Stirbei 2nd rule Protectorate established by the Treaty of Paris (1856-1859) 171.亚历山德鲁二世·吉卡 Caimacam Alexandru II Ghica 1856-1858 - - 172.三人摄政团 Caimacam of three 1858-1859 - 伊万·马努；埃马诺伊尔·伯莱亚努；伊万·菲利皮德 Ioan Manu, Emanoil Baleanu, Ioan A. Filipide 173.亚历山德鲁·约翰·库扎 Alexander John Cuza 1859-1862 - also ruled Moldavia in personal union Formal union of Wallachia and Moldavia since 1862. For later rulers, see Domnitor and Kings of Romania.

摩尔达维亚统治者列表 统治者 年份 家族王朝 注释 德拉戈什 Dragos 1352–1353 - - 萨斯 Sas 1354–1358 - son of Dragos 巴尔克 Balc 1359 - son of Sas 波格丹一世 Bogdan I 1359–1365 Bogdan deposed Balc 拉茨库 Latcu 1365–1373 Bogdan son of Bogdan I 科斯泰亚 Costea 1373–1374 Musat brother-in-law of Latcu 尤里·科里亚托维奇 Yuri Koriatovich 1375 Gediminids son of Karijotas; invited to Moldavia and then poisoned 彼得鲁一世 Petru I 1375–1391 Musat son of Costea 罗曼一世 Roman I 1391–1394 Musat son of Costea 斯特凡一世 Stefan I 1394–1399 Musat son of Costea 尤加 Iuga 1399–1400 - deposed by intervention of Mircea of Wallachia 和善的亚历山德鲁 Alexandru cel Bun (Alexander the Kind) 1400–1432 Musat son of Roman I, son-in-law of Iuga, installed by Mircea 伊利亚什一世 Ilias 1432–1433 Musat son of Alexandru cel Bun; 1st rule 斯特凡二世 Stefan II 1434–1435 Musat son of Alexandru cel Bun; 1st rule 伊利亚什一世 Ilias 1435–1443 Musat 2nd rule, jointly with Stefan II 斯特凡二世 Stefan II 1436–1447 Musat 2nd rule, until 1443 jointly with Ilias; 1444–1445 jointly with Petru II 彼得鲁二世 Petru II 1444–1445 Musat son of Alexandru cel Bun; 1st rule 罗曼二世 Roman II 1447–1448 Musat son of Ilias 彼得鲁二世 Petru II 1448–1449 Musat 2nd rule 丘伯尔·沃达 Ciubar Voda 1449 - his name, literally Tub Voivode mentioned by Grigore Ureche 亚历山德雷尔 Alexandrel 1449 - 1st rule 波格丹二世 Bogdan II 1449–1451 Musat nephew of Alexandru cel Bun 彼得鲁三世 Petru Aron 1451–1452 Musat illegitimate son of Alexandru cel Bun; 1st rule 亚历山德雷尔 Alexandrel 1452–1454 - 2nd rule 彼得鲁三世 Petru Aron 1454–1455 Musat 2nd rule 亚历山德雷尔 Alexandrel 1455 - 3rd rule 彼得鲁三世 Petru Aron 1455–1457 Musat 3rd rule 斯特凡三世 Stefan cel Mare (Stephen the Great) 1457–1504 Musat son Bogdan II 波格丹三世 Bogdan III cel Chior (Bogdan III The One-Eyed) 1504–1517 Musat son of Stephen the Great; 斯特凡四世 Stefan IV 1517–1527 Musat son of Bogdan III; also called Stefanita until 1523 under the regency of Luca Arbore, Gatekeeper of Suceava 彼得鲁四世 Petru Rares 1527–1538 Musat son of Stephen the Great, 1st rule 斯特凡五世 Stefan Lacusta (Stephen Locust) 1538–1540 Musat grandson of Stephen the Great 亚历山德鲁·科尔内亚 Alexandru Cornea 1540–1541 Musat grandson of Petru Aron 彼得鲁四世 Petru Rares 1541–1546 Musat 2nd rule 伊利亚什二世 Ilie II Rares 1546–1551 Musat son of Petru Rares 斯特凡六世 Stefan VI Rares 1551–1552 Musat son of Petru Rares 伊万一世 Ioan Joldea 1552 - - 亚历山德鲁·勒普什内亚努 Alexandru Lapusneanu 1552–1561 - 1st rule 伊万二世 Ioan Iacob Heraclid (Jacob Heraclides) 1561–1563 - the Despot Voda 斯特凡七世 Stefan Tomsa 1563–1564 - - 亚历山德鲁·勒普什内亚努 Alexandru Lapusneanu 1564–1568 - 2nd rule 波格丹四世 Bogdan IV 1568–1572 - - 伊万三世 Ioan cel Cumplit (John the Terrible) 1572–1574 - also called cel Viteaz) (the Brave) 彼得鲁五世 Petru Schiopul (Peter the Lame) 1574–1577 - 1st rule 伊万四世 Ioan Potcoava 1577 - Hetman, also called Ivan Pidkova, Nicoara Potcoava or Ivan Sarpega 彼得鲁五世 Petru Schiopul 1578–1579 - 2nd rule 扬库·萨苏尔(伊万五世) Iancu V Sasul (John the Saxon) 1579–1582 Musat illegitimate son of Petru Rares 彼得鲁五世 Petru Schiopul 1582–1591 - 3rd rule 残暴的阿龙 Aron Tiranul (Aaron the Tyrant) 1591–1592 - 1st rule 邪恶的亚历山德鲁 Alexandru cel Rau (Alexander the Wrongdoer) 1592 - also ruled Wallachia (1592–1593) 彼得鲁六世 Petru Cazacul (Peter the Cossack) 1592 Musat illegitimate son of Bogdan III 残暴的阿龙 Aron Tiranul (Aaron the Tyrant) 1592–1595 - 2nd rule 斯特凡八世 Stefan Razvan 1595 - - 耶雷米亚·莫维勒 Ieremia Movila 1595–1600 Movilesti grandson of Petru Rares; 1st rule 勇敢者米哈伊 Mihai Viteazul (Michael the Brave) 1600 Draculesti also ruled Wallachia (1593–1600) and Transylvania (1599–1600) 耶雷米亚·莫维勒 Ieremia Movila 1600–1606 Movilesti 2nd rule 西米翁·莫维勒 Simion Movila 1606–1607 Movilesti brother of Iremia Movila 米哈伊尔·莫维勒 Mihail Movila 1607 Movilesti son of Ieremia Movila; 1st rule 康斯坦丁·莫维勒 Constantin Movila 1607 Movilesti son of Ieremia Movila; under the regency of his mother Elzbieta Csomortany de Losoncz; 1st rule 米哈伊尔·莫维勒 Mihail Movila 1607 Movilesti 2nd rule 康斯坦丁·莫维勒 Constantin Movila 1607–1611 Movilesti under the regency of his mother; 2nd rule 斯特凡九世 Stefan II Tomsa 1611–1615 - 2nd rule 康斯坦丁·莫维勒 Constantin Movila 1615–1616 Movilesti 3rd rule 拉杜·米赫内亚 Radu Mihnea 1616–1619 Draculesti 1st rule 加什帕尔·格拉济亚尼 Gaspar Graziani 1619–1620 - - 亚历山德鲁·伊利亚什 Alexandru Ilias 1620–1621 - 1st rule 斯特凡九世 Stefan II Tomsa 1621–1623 - 2nd rule 拉杜·米赫内亚 Radu Mihnea 1623–1626 Draculesti 2nd rule 米隆·巴尔诺夫斯基-莫维勒 Miron Barnovschi-Movila 1626–1629 Movilesti 1st rule 亚历山德鲁·科科努尔 Alexandru Coconul (Alexander the Child-Prince) 1626–1629 Draculesti 1st rule 莫伊塞·莫维勒 Moise Movila 1630–1631 Movilesti 1st rule 亚历山德鲁·伊利亚什 Alexandru Ilias 1631–1633 - 2nd rule 米隆·巴尔诺夫斯基-莫维勒 Miron Barnovschi-Movila 1633 Movilesti 2nd rule 莫伊塞·莫维勒 Moise Movila 1633–1634 Movilesti 2nd rule 瓦西里·卢普 Vasile Lupu 1634–1653 - 1st rule 格奥尔基·斯特凡 Gheorghe Stefan 1653 - 1st rule 瓦西里·卢普 Vasile Lupu 1653 - 2nd rule 格奥尔基·斯特凡 Gheorghe Stefan 1653–1658 - 2nd rule 格奥尔基·吉卡 Gheorghe Ghica 1658–1659 Ghica - 康斯坦丁·谢尔班 Constantin Serban 1659 - 1st rule 斯特凡十世 Stefanita Lupu 1659–1661 - also called Papura-Voda (Bullrush Voivode); 1st rule 康斯坦丁·谢尔班 Constantin Serban 1661 - 2nd rule 斯特凡十世 Stefanita Lupu 1659–1661 - 2nd rule 欧斯塔蒂耶·达比扎 Eustratie Dabija 1661–1665 - - 格奥尔基·杜卡 Gheorghe Duca 1665–1666 - 1st rule 伊利亚什三世 Ilias Alexandru 1666–1668 - - 格奥尔基·杜卡 Gheorghe Duca 1668–1672 - 2nd rule 斯特凡十一世 Stefan Petriceicu 1672–1673 - 1st rule 杜米特拉什库·坎塔库济诺 Dumitrascu Cantacuzino 1673 Cantacuzene 1st rule 斯特凡十一世 Stefan Petriceicu 1673–1674 - 2nd rule 杜米特拉什库·坎塔库济诺 Dumitrascu Cantacuzino 1674–1675 Cantacuzene 2nd rule 安东涅·鲁塞特 Antonie Ruset 1675–1678 Rosetti - 格奥尔基·杜卡 Gheorghe Duca 1678–1683 - 3rd rule 斯特凡十一世 Stefan Petriceicu 1683–1684 - 3rd rule 杜米特拉什库·坎塔库济诺 Dumitrascu Cantacuzino 1684–1685 Cantacuzene 3rd rule 康斯坦丁·坎泰米尔 Constantin Cantemir 1685–1693 Cantemiresti - 迪米特里耶·坎泰米尔 Dimitrie Cantemir 1693 Cantemiresti 1st rule; deposed by Ottomans 康斯坦丁·杜卡 Constantin Duca 1693–1695 - 1st rule 安蒂奥赫·坎泰米尔 Antioh Cantemir 1695–1700 Cantemiresti 1st rule 康斯坦丁·杜卡 Constantin Duca 1700–1703 - 2nd rule 伊万·布胡什摄政 Chancellor Ioan Buhus 1703 - 1st term 米哈伊·拉科维塔 Mihai Racovita 1703–1705 Racovita 1st rule 安蒂奥赫·坎泰米尔 Antioh Cantemir 1705–1707 Cantemiresti 2nd rule 米哈伊·拉科维塔 Mihai Racovita 1707–1709 Racovita 2nd rule 伊万·布胡什摄政 Chancellor Ioan Buhus 1709–1710 - 2nd term 尼古拉·马夫罗科达特 Nicolae Mavrocordat 1709–1710 Mavrocordato 1st rule 迪米特里耶·坎泰米尔 Dimitrie Cantemir 1710–1711 Cantemiresti 2nd rule Phanariote rule (1711–1821) 卢普·科斯塔基总督 Caimacam Lupu Costachi 1711 - - 伊万·马夫罗科达特 Ioan Mavrocordat 1711 Mavrocordato - 尼古拉·马夫罗科达特 Nicolae Mavrocordat 1711–1715 Mavrocordato 2nd rule 米哈伊·拉科维策 Mihai Racovita 1715–1726 Racovita 3rd rule 格里戈雷二世·吉卡 Grigore II Ghica 1726–1733 Ghica 1st rule Constantin Mavrocordat 1733–1735 Mavrocordato 1st rule 格里戈雷二世·吉卡 Grigore II Ghica 1735–1739 Ghica 2nd rule 俄国占领 Russian occupation 1739 - - 格里戈雷二世·吉卡 Grigore II Ghica 1739–1741 Ghica 3rd rule 康斯坦丁·马夫罗科达特 Constantin Mavrocordat 1741–1743 Mavrocordato 2nd rule 伊万·马夫罗科达特 Ioan Mavrocordat 1743–1747 Mavrocordato 2nd rule 格里戈雷二世·吉卡 Grigore II Ghica 1747–1748 Ghica 4th rule 康斯坦丁·马夫罗科达特 Constantin Mavrocordat 1748–1749 Mavrocordato 3rd rule 约尔达凯·斯塔夫拉基 Iordache Stavrachi 1749 - - 康斯坦丁·拉科维塔 Constantin Racovita 1749–1753 Racovita 1st rule 马特埃·吉卡 Matei Ghica 1753–1756 Ghica - 康斯坦丁·拉科维塔 Constantin Racovita 1756–1757 Racovita 2nd rule 斯卡尔拉特·吉卡 Scarlat Ghica 1757–1758 Ghica - 伊万·特奥多尔·卡利马基 Ioan Teodor Callimachi 1758–1761 Callimachi - 格里戈雷·卡利马基 Grigore Callimachi 1761–1764 Callimachi 1st rule 格里戈雷三世·吉卡 Grigore III Ghica 1764–1767 Ghica 1st rule 格里戈雷·卡利马基 Grigore Callimachi 1767–1769 Callimachi 2nd rule 康斯坦丁·马夫罗科达特 Constantin Mavrocordat 1769 Mavrocordato 4th rule 俄国占领 Russian occupation 1769–1774 - - 格里戈雷三世·吉卡 Grigore III Ghica 1774–1777 Ghica 2nd rule 康斯坦丁·莫鲁济 Constantin Moruzi 1777–1782 Mourousi 4th rule 亚历山德鲁一世·马夫罗科达特 Alexandru Mavrocordat Delibey 1782–1785 Mavrocordato - 亚历山德鲁二世·马夫罗科达特 Alexandru Mavrocordat Firaris 1785–1786 Mavrocordato - 亚历山德鲁·伊普西兰蒂 Alexandru Ipsilanti 1786–1788 Ypsilanti - 奥地利占领 Austrian occupation 1787–1791 - military commander: Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg 埃马努埃尔·贾尼-鲁塞特 Emanuel Giani Ruset 1788–1789 Rosetti also called Manole or Manolache 俄国占领 Russian occupation 1788–1791 - - 亚历山德鲁·莫鲁济 Alexandru Moruzi 1792 Mourousi 1st rule 米哈伊·苏茨乌 Mihai Sutu 1793–1795 Soutzos also called Draco 亚历山德鲁·卡利马基 Alexandru Callimachi 1795–1799 Callimachi - 康斯坦丁·伊普西兰蒂 Constantin Ipsilanti 1799–1801 Ypsilanti - 亚历山德鲁·苏茨乌 Alexandru Sutu 1801–1802 Soutzos - 约尔达凯·孔塔摄政 Chancellor Iordache Conta 1802 - - 亚历山德鲁·莫鲁济 Alexandru Moruzi 1802 Mourousi 2nd rule Scarlat Callimachi 1806 Callimachi 1st rule 亚历山德鲁·莫鲁济 Alexandru Moruzi 1806–1807 Mourousi 3rd rule 俄国占领 Russian occupation 1806–1812 - - Bessarabia is placed under Imperial Russian rule in 1812. (See also President of Moldova, for the rulers of Moldova, a part of this territory which became independent in the 20th century.) 亚历山德鲁·汉格尔利 Alexandru Hangerli 1807 - - 斯卡尔拉特·卡利马基 Scarlat Callimachi 1807 Callimachi deposed by Russians 约尔达凯·鲁塞特-罗兹诺万努总督 Caimacam Iordache Ruset-Roznovanu 1807 Rosetti - 韦尼亚明·科斯塔凯摄政 Caimacam Metropolitan Veniamin Costache 1807–1812 - 1st term 斯卡尔拉特·卡利马基 Scarlat Callimachi 1812–1819 Callimachi - 米哈伊·苏茨乌 Mihail Sutu 1819–1821 Soutzos - Stolnici Manu and Rizos-Nerulos 1819 - - 韦尼亚明·科斯塔凯摄政 Caimacam Metropolitan Veniamin Costache 1821 - 2nd term Filiki Eteria occupation 1821 - military commander: 亚历山德鲁·伊普西兰蒂(Alexander Ypsilanti) 斯特凡·沃戈里德总督 Caimacam Stefan Bogoridi (Stefan Vogoride) 1821–1822 - - 约尼查·斯图尔扎 Ioan Sturdza 1822–1828 - - 俄国占领 Russian occupation 1828–1834 - military commanders: Fyodor Pahlen, Pyotr Zheltukhin, and Pavel Kiseleff Organic Statute government (1832–1856) 米哈伊·斯图尔扎 Mihail Sturdza 1834–1849 - - 格里戈雷·亚历山德鲁·吉卡 Grigore Alexandru Ghica 1849–1853 Ghica 1st rule 俄国占领 Russian occupation 1853–1854 - - 格里戈雷·亚历山德鲁·吉卡 Grigore Alexandru Ghica 1854–1856 Ghica 2nd rule Protectorate established by the Treaty of Paris (1856–1859) 特别管理委员会 Extraordinary Administrative Council 1856 - - 特奥多尔·巴尔什 Caimacam Teodor Bals 1856–1857 - - 尼古拉·沃戈里德 Caimacam Nicolae Vogoride 1857–1858 - - 摄政团 Caimacams 1858–1859 - 斯特凡·卡塔尔久；瓦西里·斯图尔扎，阿纳斯塔谢·帕努 Stefan Catargiu, Vasile Sturdza and Anastasie Panu (Catargiu resigns in 1858 and is replaced by Ioan A. Cantacuzino) 亚历山德鲁·约翰·库扎 Alexander John Cuza 1859–1862 - also ruled Wallachia in personal union Formal union of Moldavia and Wallachia in 1862. For later rulers, see Domnitor and King of Romania.

特兰西瓦尼亚统治者列表 Affiliation 统治者 年份 备注 - 杰卢 Gelou - Gelou, legendary Duke of Vlachs, is mentioned exclusively in the 13th century Gesta Hungarorum written by an unknown chronicler referred to as Anonymus. Hungarian historiography claims that Gelou is a fictional person created by Anonymus from a toponym by etymology. Romanian historiography claims that he was an actual person. - 图胡图姆/托赫托姆 Tuhutum/Tohotom 904 - ? One of the legendary seven Hungarian chieftains, as given by Anonymus - 格尤拉(或普罗库基) Gyula (or Prokuj) ? – 1003 Ruler of the upper Tisza region and northern Transylvania. Defeated by his cousin, Stephen I of Hungary - 基恩 Kean - fictional person, voivode of the southern Transylvanian bolgars and slavs, defeated by Stephen I of Hungary c. 1003-1015. He is mentioned in the chronicle family of Chronicon Pictum The name was created from the word khan as an impersonification of the dignity "Khan". Arpads 斯蒂芬一世 St. Stephen (Istvan) 1003–1038 first Christian King of Hungary (1000), maternal grandson of Gyula the Old, defeated Gyula the Young and the Bulgarians ("Kean") Voivods under the Kings of Hungary - 默库里乌斯(特兰西瓦尼亚的长官) Mercurius (Transylvanian Voivod) c. 1110 - - 雷乌斯塔什乌斯 Leustachius 1176–1199 - - 雷格福鲁斯 Legforus 1199–1200 - - 埃斯(特兰西瓦尼亚的长官) Eth (Transylvanian Voivod) ? - - 格尤拉一世 Gyula I ?–1201 - - 贝内德克 Benedek 1201–1206 - - 斯马拉格德 Smaragd 1206 - - 贝内德克 Benedek 1206–1209 - - 米哈里 Mihaly 1209–1211 - - 贝托尔特的安德奇斯-梅朗大主教 Bertold of Andechs-Meran, Archbishop 1211–1213 - - 米克洛什一世 Miklos I 1213 - - 格尤拉一世 Gyula I 1213 - - 西蒙(特兰西瓦尼亚的长官) Simon (Transylvanian Voivod) 1213–1215 - - 希普里图斯 Hippolitus 1215–1217 - - 拉斐尔 Raphael 1217–1218 - - 内卡 Neka 1218–1221 - - 帕尔 Pal 1221–1231 - - 格尤拉二世 Gyula II 1230–1233 - - 德奈什 Denes 1233–1234 - - 安德拉斯一世 Andras I 1234–1235 - - 波斯扎 Posza 1235–1240 - First Mongol invasion 1240-1242 - 洛兰特 Lorant 1242–1252 - - 空位 Interregnum 1252–1261 - - 埃雷尼·科斯 Ereny Kos 1261 - Arpads 斯蒂芬·阿帕德 Stephen Arpad 1261–1270 - - 马加什 Matyas 1270–1272 - - 米克洛什 Miklos 1272–1273 - - 亚诺什 Janos 1273–1274 - - 米克洛什 Miklos 1274–1275 - - 拉迪斯拉斯·博尔沙 Ladislas Borsa 1275 - - 乌格林 Ugrin 1275–1276 - - 马加什 Matyas 1276–1277 - - 米克洛什·波克 Miklos Pok 1277 - - 阿巴 Aba 1278–1279 - - 伊什特万(特兰西瓦尼亚的阿帕德统治者) Istvan (Arpad ruler of Transylvania) 1280 - - 罗兰·博尔沙 Roland Borsa 1281–1282 - - 奥波尔·派茨 Apor Pecz 1283 - - 罗兰·博尔沙 Roland Borsa 1284–1285 - Second Mongol invasion 1284-1285. Voivode is not appointed during 1285-1288 - 罗兰·博尔沙 Roland Borsa 1288–1294 opposed to the king as seigneur of the province during years of feudal anarchy. Defeated by King Andrew III of Hungary - 根·拉斯洛二世 Kan Laszlo II 1294–1315 opposed to the king as seigneur of the province during years feudal anarchy. Voivods under the Kings of Hungary - 米克洛什·迈杰希·波克 Miklos Medgyesi Pok 1315–1318 - - 德布勒森 D of Debrecen 1318–1321 - - 斯泽克森伊·塔马斯 Szecsenyi Tamas 1322–1342 - - 米克洛什·希罗考伊 Miklos Sirokay 1342–1344 - Lackfi 斯蒂芬一世·拉克菲 Stephen I. Lackfi 1344–1350 - - 克索尔·塔马斯 Csor Tamas 1350 - - 米克洛什·孔斯 Miklos Konth 1351–1356 - Lackfi 安德拉什·拉克菲 Andras Lackfi 1356–1359 - Lackfi 迪奥尼斯·拉克菲 Dionys Lackfi 1360–1367 - Lackfi 米克洛什·拉克菲 Miklos Lackfi 1367-1368 - Lackfi 埃默里克·拉克菲 Emeric Lackfi 1368–1372 - Lackfi 斯蒂芬二世·拉克菲 Stephen II. Lackfi 1373–1376 brother of Emeric - 拉迪斯拉·德·罗松克斯 Ladislau de Losoncz 1376–1391 - - 埃默里克·贝贝克一世 Emeric Bebek I 1392–1393 - - 弗兰克·德·塞切尼 Frank de Szècsèny 1392–1393 - - 斯蒂博里克斯的什蒂博尔 Stibor of Stiboricz 1395–1401 knight of the Order of the Dragon, Clan of Ostoja - 米克洛什·克萨基&米克洛斯·马克扎里 Miklos Csaki & Miklos Marczali 1401–1403 - - 亚诺什·塔马西&雅各布·拉克·德·斯桑托 Janos Tamasi & Iacob Lack de Szanto 1403–1409 - - 斯蒂博里克斯的什蒂博尔 Stibor of Stiboricz 1410–1414 knight of the Order of the Dragon - 米克洛什·克萨基 Miklos Csaki 1415–1426 - - 拉斯洛四世·克萨基 Laszlo IV. Csaki 1426–1437 son of Nicolae Csaki - 彼得·切赫 Peter Cseh 1436–1438 - - 罗松克斯·德兹索 Losonczi Dezso 1441-1440 - - 拉斯洛五世·雅克斯 Laszlo V. Jakcs January 1441 - - 约翰·匈雅提 John Hunyadi (Janos Hunyadi / Iancu de Hunedoara) 1441–1446 - - 埃默里克/伊姆雷·贝贝克一世&尼古拉·德·乌基拉克 Emeric/Imre Bebek I & Nicolae de Ujlak 1446–1447 - - 埃默里克/伊姆雷·贝贝克二世&约翰·匈雅提 Emeric/Imre Bebek II & John Hunyadi May-October 1448 - - 罗斯贡伊·亚诺什 Rozgonyi Janos 1449-1460 - - 乌伊洛基·米克洛什 Ujlaki Miklos 1449-1458 - - 罗斯贡伊·斯蒂安 Rozgonyi Sebestyen 1458-1461 - - 乌伊洛基·米克洛什 Ujlaki Miklos 1460 - - 卡尼兹塞·拉斯洛 Kanizsai Laszlo 1460 - - 乌伊洛基·米克洛什&庞拉兹·亚诺什 Ujlaki Miklos & Pongracz Janos 1462-1465 - - 斯森特格尤格伊·西吉斯蒙德&斯森特格尤格伊·亚诺什 Szentgyorgyi Zsigmond & Szentgyorgyi Janos 1465-1467 - - 庞拉克兹·亚诺什&丘波尔·米克洛什 Pongracz Janos & Csupor Miklos 1468–1472 - - 马扎尔·巴拉兹 Magyar Balazs 1472-1475 - - 庞拉兹·亚诺什 Pongracz Janos 1475–1476 - - 杰雷布·彼得 Gereb Peter 1478–1479 - Bathory (Ecsed) 斯蒂芬五世巴托里 Stephen V Bathory 1479–1493 - Dragfi 巴托洛梅乌斯·德拉格菲 Bartolomeus Dragfi 1493–1499 - - 罗松克斯·拉斯洛 Losonczi Laszlo 1493–1495 - - 斯森特格尤格伊·彼得 Szentgyorgyi Peter 1499–1510 - Zapolya 约翰一世·扎普亚 John I Zapolya (Zapolya Janos) 1511–1526 elected King of Hungary by one party of Hungarian nobles in 1526, while another party elected Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria. - 佩雷尼·彼得 Pereny Peter 1526–1534 appointed by John I Zapolya Bathory (Somlyo) 斯蒂芬八世·巴托里 Stephen VIII Bathory 1529–1534 appointed by John I Zapolya - 海欧纳莫斯·拉斯基 Hieronymus Laski 1531–1534 - - 伊什特万·马吉拉斯 Istvan Majlath (Stefan Mailat) 1534–1536 - - 伊姆雷·巴拉萨 Imre Balassa 1536–1540 - - 弗雷特·捷尔吉 Frater Gyorgy 1542–1551 guardian of John II Sigismund Zapolya Bathory (Ecsed) 安德鲁·波纳文图拉·巴托里 Andrew Bonaventura Bathory 1551–1552 lieutenant of Ferdinand of Austria - 伊什特万·多博&弗兰西斯·肯蒂 Istvan Dobo & Francise Kendi 1552–1556 - - 空位 vacant 1556–1570 direct rule of John II Sigismund Zapolya as claimant to the throne of Hungary Princes of Transylvania and parts of Hungary Zapolya 约翰二世·西吉斯蒙德·扎普亚 John II Sigismund Zapolya (Janos Zsigmond) 1570-1571 Son of John Zapolya, renounced his royal claim in 1570 in favour of Emperor Maximilian and remained Prince of Transylvania and parts of Hungary until his death in 1571. Bathory (Somlyo) 斯蒂芬·巴托里 Stephen Bathory 1571–1586 elected Voivod by a diet, King of Poland since 1575, assumed title of Prince of Transylvania and parts of Hungary - 加斯帕·贝凯什 Gaspar Bekes 1571–1572 rival voivod, designated as successor by John II Sigismund Zapolya and supported by the Habsburg King, defeated by Stephen Bathory Bathory (Somlyo) 克里斯托弗·巴托里 Christopher Bathory 1575-1581 older brother of Stephen Bathory, administered Transylvania as Voivod during the absence of his brother. Bathory (Somlyo) 西吉斯蒙德·巴托里 Sigismund Bathory 1581/1586–1598 son of Christopher, succeeded his father as Voivod and his uncle as Prince; assumed regency in 1588; abdicated in April 1598 in favor of Habsburg Rudolf, King of Hungary Habsburg 鲁道夫 Rudolf April-August 1598 - Bathory (Somlyo) 西吉斯蒙德·巴托里 Sigismund Bathory August 1598 – March 1599 returned in August 1598, again abdicated in March 1599 favor of his cousin Andrew Cardinal Bathory. Bathory (Somlyo) 安德鲁·卡蒂纳尔·巴托里 Andrew Cardinal Bathory March-November1599 Cousin of Sigismund, driven out by Michael of Wallachia and killed by his Szekely allies Draculesti 瓦拉几亚的迈克尔 (勇敢者米哈伊) Michael of Wallachia (Mihai Viteazul) 1599–1600 was recognized by the Transylvanian parliament (diet) only as imperial governor subject to the Holy Roman Emperor, however, he was de facto ruler of Transylvania. Deposed in September 1600 by Hungarian nobles. Romanian historiography asserts that he was Prince of Transylvania. Habsburg 鲁道夫 Rudolf 1600-1601 ruled through the governor Giorgio Basta, 1600-1601 Bathory (Somlyo) 西吉斯蒙德·巴托里 Sigismund Bathory 1601 attempted to regain Transylvania, recognized by the diet of Kolozsvar/Klausenburg/Cluj but defeated by Basta and Mihai, eventually abdicated in 1602 in favor of King Rudolf II Habsburg 鲁道夫 Rudolf 1601–1606 ruled through the governor Giorgio Basta, 1601-1604 - 莫泽什·塞凯伊 Mozes Szekely April - July 1603 rebelled against Habsburgs and defeated Basta with Tartar mercenaries and claimed the title of Prince but was defeated by Radu Serban, Voivode of Wallachia Princes of Transylvania between Ottomans and Habsburgs - 伊什特万·博克斯凯 Istvan Bocskay 1605–1606 rebelled against Habsburgs with support of Hungarian nobles and the Turks, confirmed in his position in the Treaty of Vienna (1606) Rakoczi 西吉斯蒙德·拉克兹 Sigismund Rakoczi 1607–1608 elected by the estates against the wishes of Bocskay, Habsburgs and Ottomans; deposed by a military rebellion under Gabriel Bathory Bathory (Somlyo) 加布里埃尔·巴托里 Gabriel Bathory 1608–1613 ally of Bocskay, came to power in a military rebellion - 拜特伦·加伯 Bethlen Gabor 1613–1629 claimed the Kingship of Hungary 1619-1621 - 勃兰登堡州的凯瑟琳 Catherine of Brandenburg 1629–1630 daughter of John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg, widow of Gabriel Bethlen Rakoczi 乔治一世·拉克兹 George I Rakoczi 1630–1648 - Habsburg Ferdinand III 1630–1645 claimed the Principality but accepted George I in 1645 in the treaty of Linz Rakoczi 乔治二世·拉克兹 George II Rakoczi 1648–1657 married Sophia Bathory, niece of Gabriel Bathory, claimed the Kingship of Poland in 1657, abdicated in favor of Habsburg Leopold, King of Hungary, deposed by a diet at Turkish command Aba Francis Rhedey 1657–1658 backed by Charles X Gustav of Sweden (1654 - 1660). Francis Rhedey was a descendent from the Royal House of Aba - King Samuel Aba of Hungary Rakoczi 乔治二世·拉克兹 George II Rakoczi 1657–1658 restored by a diet, deposed by the Turks - Barcsai Akos 1658–1659 - Rakoczi 乔治二世·拉克兹 George II Rakoczi 1659–1660 fell in battle against the Turks - 凯梅尼·亚诺什 Kemeny Janos 1661–1662 backed by the Habsburg King Leopold Apafi 迈克尔一世·阿帕菲 Michael I Apafi 1661–1690 backed by the Turks, opposed King Leopold, made peace with the Habsburg King in 1685/7 Apafi 迈克尔二世·阿帕菲 Michael II Apafi 1681–1692 elected as heir during his father's lifetime, and accepted as such by the Turks, ruled with George Banffy as governor, moved to Vienna and forced to cede the Principality to King Leopold - 特克伊·伊姆雷 Thokoly Imre 1690 – 1699 earlier claimant of Upper Hungary, appointed Prince of Transsylvania by the Turks at the death of Michael I, held the country with Turkish support briefly in 1690/91 In 1692 the Habsburg Kings of Hungary permanently assumed the title of Prince of Transylvania, administering the country through governors. Habsburg 利奥波德一世 Leopold I 1690–1705 governors: * George Banffy, 1691-1696 * Rabutin de Bussy 1696-1708 Rakoczi 弗朗西斯二世·拉克兹 Francis II Rakoczi 1704 - 1711 grandson of George II Rakoczi, rebelled against King Leopold, claiming the titles Prince of Transylvania and Ruling Prince of Hungary Habsburg 查理六世 Charles VI 1711–1740 governors: * Stephen Haller, 1709-1710 * Wesselenyi Istvan, 1710-1713 * Sigismund Kornis, 1713-1731 * Wesseleny Istvan, 1731-1732 * Francisc Anton Wallis, 1732-1734 * John Haller 1734-1755 Habsburg 玛丽亚·特蕾西亚 Maria Theresa 1740–1765 governors: * Francisc Venceslav Wallis, 1755-1758 * Ladislaus Kemeny, 1758-1762 * Adolf Buccow, 1762-1764 * Hadik Andras, 1764-1765 The Principality is elevated to the Grand Principality of Transylvania, with the Habsburg Grand Princes administering the country through governors. Habsburg 玛丽亚·特蕾西亚 Maria Theresa 1765–1780 governors: * Andreas Hadik 1765-1767 * Carol O'Donell 1767-1770 * Joseph Maria von Auersperg 1771-1774 * Samuel von Brukenthal 1774-1775, 1776-1787 Habsburg-Lorraine 约瑟夫二世 Joseph II 1780–1790 governors: * Samuel von Brukenthal 1774-1775, 1776-1787 * Banffy Gyorgy II, 1787-1822 Habsburg-Lorraine 利奥波德二世 Leopold II 1790–1792 governor: Banffy Gyorgy II, 1787-1822| Habsburg-Lorraine 弗朗西斯二世 Francis II 1792–1835 governors: * George Banffy II, 1787-1822 * Josika Janos 1822-1834 * Ferdinand d'Este 1835-1837 Habsburg-Lorraine 斐迪南一世 Ferdinand I 1835–1848 * John Kornis, 1838-1840 * Teleki Jozsef, 1842-1848 Habsburg-Lorraine 弗朗茨·约瑟夫一世 Franz Joseph I 1848–1916 governors: * Ludwig Wohlgemuth, 1849-1851 * Karl B. Schwarzenberg, 1851-1858 * Friedrich von Liechtenstein, 1858-1861 * Miko Imre 1860-1861 * Ludwig Folliot of Crenneville, 1861-1867 In the wake of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, the Hungarian government dissolved the Grand Principality and incorporated its territory into the Kingdom of Hungary. The Habsburg Kings continue to use the title of a Grand Prince of Transsylvania. Habsburg-Lorraine 卡尔一世 Karl I 1916–1918 -

罗马尼亚王国君主列表 姓名 生卒年 登位时间 结束时间 卡罗尔一世 King Carol I 1839 – 1914 26 March 1881 10 October 1914 斐迪南一世 King Ferdinand I 1865 – 1927 10 October 1914 20 July 1927 米哈伊一世 King Mihai I (1st reign) 1921 – 20 July 1927 8 June 1930 卡罗尔二世 King Carol II 1893 – 1953 8 June 1930 6 September 1940 米哈伊一世 King Mihai I (2nd reign) 1921 – 6 September 1940 30 December 1947

扩展阅读： http://en./wiki/King_of_Romania http://en./wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Wallachia http://en./wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Moldavia http://en./wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Transylvania