小学五年级英语语法:过去完成时 结构:had+过去分词 After she had finished her homework, she went shopping. They had sold the car before I asked the price. The train had left before I arrived at the station. After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号,如果放在主句后则不用加。 1.变疑问句将助动词移到句首 Had she finished her homework? 2. 变否定句在助动词后面加not She hadn’t finished her homework. 3. 肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, she had. No, she hadn’t. 4.特殊疑问句: What had she done? 小学五年级英语语法:现在完成时 构成:主语+助动词have, has+过去分词 用法: 2) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作,常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用 I have just had lunch. (饱了,不用再吃了) He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了,不用再喝) They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了) The boy has already read the book. (已经知道书的内容了,不用再看了) 3) 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时: Have you finished your homework? Have you been to Beijing? Have he seen the film? 4) 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作 I have lived in Beijing for twenty years. I have worked for this school for 1 year. 5) 表示一种经历,经验:去过…地方,做过…事情,经历过…事情 I have never had a bath. I have never seen a film. I have never been to cinema. I have ever been to Paris. Have been to表示去过,have gone to 表示去了 I have been to London.(人已经回来) He has gone to London.(人还在那里) 6) 表示一种结果, 一般不和时间副词联用 I have lost my pen. I have hurt myself. He has become a teacher. She has broken my heart. 句型变化: ★变疑问句将助动词移到句首,变否定句在助动词后面加not. e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, I have. No, I have not. ★特殊疑问句: What have you done? What has he done? 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别: 凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时 注意:有些动词表示的动作有一个终点,不能再延续,因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用 错:I’ve left Beijing for 3 days. 对:I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days. 小学五年级英语语法:过去式 含有be动词的句子, 将动词变为过去式,am, is的过去式为was,are的过去式为were I was at the butcher’s. You were a student a year ago. The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago. ★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首 Were you at the butcher’s? Were you a student a year ago? Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago? ★变否定句在be动词后面加not I was not at the butcher’s. You were not a student a year ago. The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago. ★肯定回答否定回答 Yes, I was. No, I was not. Yes, you were. No, you were not. Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not. ★特殊疑问句: What did you do? (必背) 不含有be动词的句子,将动词变为过去式 I finished my homework yesterday. The boy went to a restaurant. The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago. ★变疑问句在句首加did, 动词变为原型 Did you finish your homework yesterday? Did the boy go to a restaurant? Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago? ★变否定句在主语和动词之间加did not I did not finish my homework yesterday. The boy did not go to a restaurant. The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. Yes, they did. No, they did not. 小学五年级英语语法:现在进行时 表示现在正在进行的动作。 构成: 主语+be动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分 We are having lunch. He is reading a book. The dog is running after a cat. The boys are swimming across the river. ★变疑问句将be动词移到句首 Are we having lunch? Is he reading a book? Is the dog running after a cat? Are the boys swimming across the river? ★变否定句在be动词后面加 not We are not having lunch. He is not reading a book. The dog is not running after a cat. The boys are swimming across the river. ★特殊疑问句:what, which, how, where, who, etc. 疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词 What are you doing? What is she doing? What is the dog doing? 没有进行时的动词(必背) 表示状态,思想,感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作 1. 表示感觉,感官的词 see, hear, like, love, want, 2. have, has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时 小学五年级英语语法:一般将来时 表示将来将要发生的动作, 经常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours' time, etc. 表示将来的词联用。 结构:主语+助动词will+动词原形 I will go to America tomorrow. The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next. Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning. ★变疑问句将助动词移到句首 Will you go to America tomorrow? Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next? Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning? ★变否定句在助动词后面加not I will not go to America tomorrow. The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next. Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, I will. / No, I will not. Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she will not. Yes, he will. / No, he will not. ★特殊疑问句 What will you do? 小学五年级英语语法:特殊疑问句 表示疑问,有疑问词(在开头),回答有很多种可能。
小学五年级英语语法:一般疑问句 一般疑问句 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为一般疑问句: 1、看句中有无be动词,如有,把be动词提到句首即可。 2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,把情态动词提到句首即可。 3、如上述二者都没有,就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤: (1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。 (2)确定助动词用do还是does,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does (3)把助动词后提到句首。 (4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。 小学五年级英语语法:Be动词用法 be动词(am、is、are)+not、 情态动词can+ not、 助动词(do、does) + not 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句: 1、看句中有无be动词,如有,直接在be动词后+ not。 2、看句中有无情态动词,如有,直接在情态动词后+ not。 3、如上述二者都没有,就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤: (1)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,位置在主语(某人或某物)后,动词前。 (2)确定助动词用do、does,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助动词就用do,动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does, (3)在助动词后加not。 (4)原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点,有some的要考虑是否要用any。 小学五年级英语语法:人称代词和物主代词
1、名词 这里强调两点:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is 名词复数如何加后缀:
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