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[Concept] The English name for the Shutter, the shutter is a device of the camera on control Gan Guangpian effective exposure time. Block the light coming in front of the camera device, a light irradiation device of the film over a period of time. ========================= [Works] (1) in order to protect the camera inside the light-sensitive device, and will not exposure, the shutter is always closed; (2) adjust the shutter speed when shooting, as long as you hold down the camera shutter release button (that is, camera button), the shutter opening and closing of the gap between, so that sensitive film through the camera lens of the light within the camera to obtain the correct exposure to light through the shutter into the light-sensitive device to write the memory card. ========================= [Shutter speed] A shutter speed "seconds." (2) professional 135 camera's highest shutter speed of 1/16000 sec. Shutter speed: 11/21/41/81/151/301/60, 1/1251/2501/5001/10 001/2000. Adjacent two of the shutter speed exposure difference between the double, we often say that a difference of one. Such as 1/60 second exposure is 1/125 sec exposure times 1/60 seconds slower than the speed of 1/125 second level or said low level. As for the common b SLR camera shutter function can be free to decide the length of exposure time, shooting flexibility higher, but most consumer digital cameras also can not support up to provide services such as two seconds, 8 seconds, 16 seconds, etc. The default value of the slow speed. ========================= [Sub 1] Classification according to the camera position -------------- (1) mirror before the shutter Hand under the lid in addition to the front of the camera when the first shutter is only a cover in front of the camera, exposure, exposure hand the lid on. Later improvements to the pneumatic two leaf shutter. Mirror before the shutter for miniature cameras Eddie Sa 16 front of the camera shutter is composed of four thin metal blade, the maximum speed is 1/150 seconds. The secret Northrop B-type micro-cameras in front of the camera shutter is composed of two thin metal blade speed: T, B, and 1/2.1/5.1/10.1/20.1/50, 1/100, 1/250, 1/500 1/1000, 1/10000 seconds. Mobile phone camera's mechanical shutter structure, almost all before the mirror shutter Advantages: simple structure, easy assembly Disadvantages: on the lens in front of the shutter's open-diameter should be large, to avoid the cover to the light path, so the shutter blades to walk a long distance, so the shutter speed is slower -------------- 2 mirror shutter The lens shutter also known as the leaf shutter. By a series of thin steel blades, the shutter release button to trigger a spring so that leaves open in the exposure period, and then closed. Mainly used in the compact camera, and part 120 of the lens Many mid-range 35 mm camera, and the rate of double reverse camera, and the modern simple 35 mm camera, the APS cameras use a mirror shutter. The Turners TENAX, Bolingezi factory camera CommScope shutter early lens shutter control, for example, consists of two small dial Bailingezi Turners (TENAX) cameras, (CPGOERZ) factory the CommScope mirror shutter a dial control: 1.1/2.1/5.1/10.1/25.1/50, 1/100, 1/250; another dial control D (equivalent to T) and Z (equivalent to B). Mirror shutter only with a graduated circle loop control. The synchronization CommScope shutter (SYNCHROCOMPUR) Hasselblad 500C / M: B, 1 to 1/500 seconds. Zeiss shutter according to Kang CONTESSAPRONTO Pu Longtuo shutter (PRONTO) For example; Zeiss Kankan Intuit Sa:-degree: 1.1/2.1/4.1/8.1/15.1/30, 1/60, 1/125.1/250, 1/500. The lens shutter blades made from thin steel, 2.3.5-chip 5 is the most common. Advantages: Simple and small size, more than a simple camera. Flash in shutter speed sync. Unlimited when using the flash when shooting fast-moving objects, no distortion, Missing the point: Is that if you need to transform lens, each lens requires a shutter (eg, Hasselblad). Will affect the amount of light, resulting in exposure are not allowed, such as a large aperture, high-speed, the total amount of light will be less than the aperture, speed and low total amount of light through. So in a small machine is rarely used. The lens shutter, aperture together with the latter half of the shot with the camera does not move, only for the first half of the lens; such as the Kodak if Timna (RETINA) 35 mm SLR camera. -------------- 3 [aperture shutter] Some simple camera aperture of both the function of the shutter, such aperture shutter most of the pairs of leaves diamond-shaped hole. Aperture shutter is usually completely closed; The moment you press the shutter, dual-blade aperture shutter opens to a predetermined aperture to maintain the aperture to a predetermined period of the shutter opening time, and immediately closed; As a result, the function of the aperture in turn Chief shutter light camera aperture shutter. -------------- 4 mirror shutter Kebao shutter (126 Ricoh camera) Seiko shutter (Topcon 35mm camera, Hing optical SETR235 mm camera) -------------- 5 mirror shutter] The mirror of the Great Wall of medium-format SLR camera DF4 (DF120), doubles as a shutter. Affixed a metal version of mirror doubles as a shutter curtain before the second curtain is curved metal curtain. Winding up mirror curtain move, leave the optical axis, but the arc of the second curtain is also moving up and block the light. When the shutter button is pressed, curved curtain down and move, wait mirror curtain to follow the moves down, a gap formed between the two curtain. Small gap shutter speed and low shutter speed gap. World War II the Miriam Hager factory in Germany, Ai Kesa 35 mm SLR cameras with a similar shutter. -------------- 6. Focal plane shutter Focal plane shutter is also known as curtain shutter. focal-plane shutter Early focal plane shutter is a long glue black cloth, above the row of several rectangular hole, a narrow than a. When a rectangular hole at an even speed shift photosensitive film, film exposure. Kong is more narrow, light on the film, the less the higher the equivalent speed of the shutter. The next phase of development can change a width of two curtain holes. The material of the curtain coating of black cloth and metal; metal focal plane shutter curtain by the multi-piece strip of sheet metal, the adjacent metal The thin slices slightly overlapping, and does not leak light. Shutter curtain open when the running direction, both horizontal and vertical. Today the majority of the curtain shutter is made of thin aluminum alloy sheets, some are manufactured from titanium alloy. Directly assembled in front of the film in the camera body, used as single-lens reflex camera, this can replace the mirror on the camera. There are two quick curtain, set a certain interval of the opening and closing to adjust this interval to determine the speed. The opening and closing speed of the curtain call curtain-speed, horizontal opening about 1/60 seconds of the closed type, vertical opening and closing type about 1/125 seconds. Shutter curtain fully open, the slower this speed, high-speed switching, strobe can not be synchronized. For example, 1/1000 second shutter curtain speed hit 1/60 sec or 1/125 seconds, so pay special attention to the body jitter. =========================
【Article is excerpted from: Baidu Encyclopedia】 |
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