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学习汇编中碰到的很多命令书上都没介绍怎么来的，是哪个英文单词的缩写，这样记起来很是麻烦，现总结一下，以方便记忆。 寄存器类（register）： 通用寄存器:AX,BX,CX,DX——这几个没什么好写的，就是这样了。 段寄存器：代码段寄存器CS--code segment , 数据段寄存器DS--data segment , 堆栈段寄存器SS--stack segment ，附加段寄存器ES--extra segment 。 特殊功能寄存器：指令指针寄存器IP--instruction pointer ，堆栈指针SP--stack pointer ，基址指针BP--base pointer ，源变址寄存器SI--source index ，目标变址寄存器DI--destination index ，标志寄存器FR--flag register（或者叫程序状态字PSW--program status word）。 PSW常用的标志有： 标志 值为1时的标记 值为0时的标记 OF(overflow flag) OV(overflow) NV(not overflow) ZF(zero flag) ZR(zero) NZ(not zero) PF(parity flag) PE(parity even) PO(parity odd) CF(carry flag) CY(carried) NC(not carried) DF(direction flag) DN(down) UP(up) SF(sign flag) NG(negtive) PL(plus) TF(trap flag) IF(interrupt flag) AF(auxiliary flag) 命令类 1.通用数据传送指令. MOV----> move MOVSX---->extended move with sign data MOVZX---->extended move with zero data PUSH---->push POP---->pop PUSHA---->push all POPA---->pop all PUSHAD---->push all data POPAD---->pop all data BSWAP---->byte swap XCHG---->exchange CMPXCHG---->compare and change XADD---->exchange and add XLAT---->translate 2.输入输出端口传送指令. IN---->input OUT---->output 3.目的地址传送指令. LEA---->load effective address LDS---->load DS LES---->load ES LFS---->load FS LGS---->load GS LSS---->load SS 4.标志传送指令. LAHF---->load AH from flag SAHF---->save AH to flag PUSHF---->push flag POPF---->pop flag PUSHD---->push dflag POPD---->pop dflag 二、算术运算指令 ADD---->add ADC---->add with carry INC---->increase 1 AAA---->ascii add with adjust DAA---->decimal add with adjust SUB---->substract SBB---->substract with borrow DEC---->decrease 1 NEC---->negative CMP---->compare AAS---->ascii adjust on substract DAS---->decimal adjust on substract MUL---->multiplication IMUL---->integer multiplication AAM---->ascii adjust on multiplication DIV---->divide IDIV---->integer divide AAD---->ascii adjust on divide CBW---->change byte to word CWD---->change word to double word CWDE---->change word to double word with sign to EAX CDQ---->change double word to quadrate word 三、逻辑运算指令 ——————————————————————————————————————— AND---->and OR---->or XOR---->xor NOT---->not TEST---->test SHL---->shift left SAL---->arithmatic shift left SHR---->shift right SAR---->arithmatic shift right ROL---->rotate left ROR---->rotate right RCL---->rotate left with carry RCR---->rotate right with carry 四、串指令 ——————————————————————————————————————— MOVS---->move string CMPS---->compare string SCAS---->scan string LODS---->load string STOS---->store string REP---->repeat REPE---->repeat when equal REPZ---->repeat when zero flag REPNE---->repeat when not equal REPNZ---->repeat when zero flag REPC---->repeat when carry flag REPNC---->repeat when not carry flag 五、程序转移指令 ——————————————————————————————————————— 1>无条件转移指令(长转移) JMP---->jump CALL---->call RET---->return RETF---->return far 2>条件转移指令(短转移,-128到+127的距离内) JAE---->jump when above or equal JNB---->jump when not below JB---->jump when below JNAE---->jump when not above or equal JBE---->jump when below or equal JNA---->jump when not above JG---->jump when greater JNLE---->jump when not less or equal JGE---->jump when greater or equal JNL---->jump when not less JL---->jump when less JNGE---->jump when not greater or equal JLE---->jump when less or equal JNG---->jump when not greater JE---->jump when equal JZ---->jump when has zero flag JNE---->jump when not equal JNZ---->jump when not has zero flag JC---->jump when has carry flag JNC---->jump when not has carry flag JNO---->jump when not has overflow flag JNP---->jump when not has parity flag JPO---->jump when parity flag is odd JNS---->jump when not has sign flag JO---->jump when has overflow flag JP---->jump when has parity flag JPE---->jump when parity flag is even JS---->jump when has sign flag 3>循环控制指令(短转移) LOOP---->loop LOOPE---->loop equal LOOPZ---->loop zero LOOPNE---->loop not equal LOOPNZ---->loop not zero JCXZ---->jump when CX is zero JECXZ---->jump when ECX is zero 4>中断指令 INT---->interrupt INTO---->overflow interrupt IRET---->interrupt return 5>处理器控制指令 HLT---->halt WAIT---->wait ESC---->escape LOCK---->lock NOP---->no operation STC---->set carry CLC---->clear carry CMC---->carry make change STD---->set direction CLD---->clear direction STI---->set interrupt CLI---->clear interrupt 六、伪指令 ————————————————————————————————————— DW---->definw word PROC---->procedure ENDP---->end of procedure SEGMENT---->segment ASSUME---->assume ENDS---->end segment END---->end |
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