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Many students ask why they should learn to give speeches. They often argue that they don’t plan to be politicians, members of board, or company presidents. Students think that those are the only careers that require public speaking but overlook the fact that most of the thousands of speeches delivered every day are given by average people. The coach who explains and demonstrates the right way to make a lay-up is giving a speech. So are the police officer who speaks to second graders about not talking to strangers and the parent who reports to 110 about a traffic accident.
许多学生问为什么他们要学会演讲。他们通常认为他们并没有要成为政治家，董事成员，或公司总裁的打算。学生们认为那些是唯一需要公共演讲的职业，但他们忽略了一个事实，在每天成千上万的演讲中有大部分是通过普通人来发表的。教练解释并演示了演讲是正确的休息方式。警察告知二年级的学生不要跟陌生人说话，而家长向110报告了一个交通事故。
If you think about it, you’ve given and listened to more speeches than you realize. It only makes sense to study how to do it well, because speech-making is such an important part of your daily life. Most good speakers learn the speech-making skills; they weren’t born with them. What is more, there are listening techniques that will help you get more out of the speeches you hear. You never know when you’ll have the opportunity to present a speech or to listen to one. By learning good speech-making techniques, you can take advantage of opportunities at school, on the job and as a citizen in society. 如果你想一想，你做和听到的演讲比你意识到的还要多。理所当然你会学习如何把它做得更好，因为演讲在你日常生活中是如此重要的一部分。大多数优秀的演讲家都是通过学习演讲技巧而不是天生的。而且，有一些听力技巧会帮助你让你比所听到的演讲本身获益更多。你永远不知道你什么时候有机会做演讲或听演讲。通过学习良好的演讲技巧，你可以在学校，工作以及社会中利用更多的机会。
Opportunities at school
在学校的机会 As a student, you listen to class lectures every day. You also hear student speakers at assemblies or other school activities. While those situations are the most obvious that you regard them as public speaking, but they are not the only ones. You have been in school long enough to know that school provides many opportunities to speak in public. Students who give reports in English, take part in group discussions in history, and participate in extracurricular organizations express their ideas through public speaking. You’ll be able to improve your grades by giving speeches or oral reports about class projects. You can have an impact in school affairs as you learn to voice your opinion. You will also discover that you can learn from other students’reports or speeches. As you become a better listener, your understanding of a variety of topics will grow. Many students who take advantages of speaking opportunities are outstanding among students, because of their ability to communicate their ideas to others. Your future success may be influenced by these opportunities. 作为学生，每天都要去听课。在集会或者一些学校活动中你也会听到有学生演讲。那些情况是最明显的公共演讲，但他们却不是唯一的。你在学校待的时间够长之后你就会发现学校提供了很多在公共场所演讲的机会。学生们写英语报告，参加关于历史的小组讨论，参加课外组织的活动来通过演讲表达思想。通过做有关于课程的演讲或者口语报告可以让你提高自己的等级。如果学会去表达自己的想法，你可以对学校的事务产生影响。你也会发现你可以从其他学生的报告和演讲中学到一些东西。在成为一个更好的聆听者时，你对于各种话题的理解能力也会有所提高。很多学生都利用演讲这个机会变得出类拔萃，因为他们与他人交流思想的能力。这些机会也许会对你未来的成功产生影响。
Opportunities on the job
工作上的机会 When you apply for a job, you learn the skills necessary to do that job. Employers want the employees who not only know their field but also can effectively communicate. In fact, promotions may be based on an employee’s ability to communicate effectively with others. As a result, many business people must make presentations within their own companies and must participate in community and social functions that require speaking and listening skills. Many companies spend a lot of money annually on workshops to improve employees’ speaking and listening skills. The number of speaking opportunities in business and industry shows why speech training is so important. When a salesperson demonstrates how a product works to potential customers, public speaking skills are essential. A sales meeting, a banquet, and a staff meeting are opportunities for employees to advance their careers through public speaking. Because public speaking is so much a part of the business world. By listening well, you will learn more quickly and handle your job more effectively. 你申请工作的时候，你会学习这份工作必须的技能。雇主们都希望他们的员工不仅了解自己的领域也能进行有效的沟通。事实上，升职可能会是基于员工与别人有效沟通的能力。所以很多的商人在自己公司里都要做演讲和必须参与需要听说能力的团体和社交集会。许多公司每年在研讨会上花了很多钱，来提高员工的听说能力。在商业和工业中演讲机会的数量表明演讲培训的重要性。在售货员向潜在客户演示了一个产品如何运转的时候，公众演讲技巧是必须的。在销售会议，宴会，员工会议上是员工通过公共演讲来发展他们的事业的机会。因为演讲是商业的一部分。听好了，你会学得更快，更有效地处理你的工作。
Opportunities in society
在社会中的机会 In a society, citizens have many opportunities to speak out on political issues and you have the right and the responsibility to make your opinions known, even if you don’t run for public office. You will find many opportunities to express your ideas at town meetings and other forums that will allow open, public discussion. School board and city council meetings, for example, offer built-in opportunities for ordinary citizens to express their positions on local issues. Government department hold hearings to learn the pros and cons of proposed laws. Citizens can use these opportunities to speak out on such issues as the environment, urban problems, human rights, and welfare housing projects. Remember the spoken word is a powerful tool for influence. Public speaking skills will help you make a difference. As you studying public speaking, you are preparing for many of speaking situations faced by presidents, generals, business leaders, celebrities and reformers. You are also preparing for the more common situations faced by teachers, sale people, bank clerks, and others who want to make things better for themselves and their community. 在社会中，公民有很多机会在政治问题上畅所欲言，即使你不竞选公职，但你也有权利和责任去投票。你会发现在市政厅会议和其他允许公众讨论的论坛上有很多的机会。例如，学校董事会和市议会会议为普通公民提供提供内部机会来对当地的问题表达自己的立场。政府部门举行听证会来倾听法律提案的利弊。市民可以利用这些机会来说出一些问题如环境问题，城市问题，人权，福利住房项目。记住口语是造成影响的强大工具。公共演讲的技巧会让你变得不一样。当你在学习公共演说时，你准备了很多演讲情景，有总统，将军，商界领袖，名人和改革者面对的。你还会准备一些比较常见的情景，如教师，销售着，银行职员以及别的为了他们自己和他们的团体想把事情做得更好的人所面临的情景。 |
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