新目标英语八年级下册第六单元讲解与练习
新目标英语八年级下册第六单元讲解与练习
Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
【单元目标】
Ⅰ．单词与短语
collect marathon skate pair since raise several stamp kite monster
globe anyone store cake particularly collector common extra topic
capital thousand quite certain miss
run out of 用完；用尽
by the way 顺便；附带说说
be interested in 对……感兴趣
more than 比……多
make a list of 列清单
thanks for doing sth. 感谢某人做了某事
think of / about sth. 想起某事
Ⅱ．目标句型：
1. How long have you been doing…?
2. I’ve been doing…since…
3. How long did sb. do…?
4. He / She did sth. for…
5. What do you collect?
6. When did you start?
7. How many do you have?
8. What do you like to collect in the future?
9. What is the most common/unusual/interesting hobby?
Ⅲ．语法
现在完成进行时
Ⅳ.【重难点分析】
1. 现在完成进行时
构成：
肯定句：主语 + have / has been + doing
否定句：主语+have/has+not+been+doing
一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+been+doing?
现在完成进行时表达“某一动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，有可能还要持续下去”，现在完成进行时的句
子中多用延续性动词，如：live，learn，study，work等。
(1) I have been learning English for ten years. 我学英语已经十年了。
(2) She has been skating for four hours. 到现在为止她滑冰已经有四个小时了。
(3) I have been collecting stamps since I was ten years old. 我从十岁起就一直在集邮。
在这几个句子中，have和has是助动词，疑问形式需把助动词提前，否定形式在have或has后面加not，have
not和has not可以分别缩写成haven’t和hasn’t，如：
(1) Have you been doing your homework since this morning? 从今天早晨起你就一直在写作业吧？
(2) Has he been writing the letters to his friend? 他是一直在给他的朋友写信吗？
(3) I haven’t been seeing films for a long time. 我有很长时间没有看电影了。
（表明没有看电影这个动作从过去一直持续到现在，还要继续持续下去。）
现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别：
(1) 现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时侧重的是动作的持续进行。
如：
I have read a book about birds. （已经读完）
I have been reading a book about birds. （一直都在读，现在还在读，有可能会继续读下去）
(2) 两种时态都有延续性， 但现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果，无感情色彩；现在完成
进行时表示一个动作的延续、重复，有时有一定的感情色彩。
如：
She has been singing all the day. 她都唱了一整天了。（抱怨、厌烦）
2. since， from和for
(1) from是介词，后接名词、动名词，表示事情的开始点，以from短语作状语时，句中的谓语动词可用一般
现在、过去和将来时, 如：
The movie is on from 8:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. 这个电影在晚上8点到10点上映。
They chatted at the meeting from beginning to end．他们在会议上自始至终都在聊天。
(2) since则为介词或从属连接词，其后接名词、动名词或从句，表示从某一特定时间起直至现在或过去某
一特定时间为止，依然继续着的事情的开始点，在以此为时间状语的句子中，谓语动词常用完成时。
如：
Many things have happened since they came here．
自他们来这儿以后，发生了许多事情。
The teacher said that John had made great progress since last semester．
老师说从上个学期以来约翰取得了很大的进步。
(3) for 是介词，后接名词，可以用来计算持续的时间，表示事情从开始到结束所持续的时间，谓语动词常
用过去时或完成时，for与一般现在时连用，表示时间一直持续到将来。
如：
The meeting lasted for hours. 会议持续了几个小时。
I studied the piano for three years. 我学过三年钢琴。
I've known her for five years. 我认识她已经五年了。
How long are you here for? 你在这里要待到什么时候?
Ⅴ.【习题检测】
一. 单项选择
1. The flight from Beijing to New York ______ at 9:45 am. on Friday.
A. gets off
B. takes off
C. puts up
D. gets up
2. — ______ have you been living here？
— For ten years.
A. How much
B. How many
C. How long
D. How soon
3. — _______ did you first skate?
— Two years ago.
A. When
B. What
C. Why
D. How
4. I have been skating _____ two hours.
A. in
B. at
C. for
D.since
5. Thanks for ____ me the book.
A. gave
B. giving
C. give
D. to give
6. We all helped him with his English so he didn’t _______ with his study.
A. fall off
B. fall down
C. fall behind
D. fall over
7. Mr Green _______ in China since five years ago.
A. lived
B. has lived
C. lives
D. is going to live
8. ＿＿＿ is the meeting going to last? About twenty minutes.
A. How far
B. How soon
C. How long
D. How often
9. What shall we do now? ＿＿＿ for a walk?
A. How's about to go
B. What about to go
C. How's about going
D. What about going
10. Do you have another way of ＿＿＿ the child?
A. teaching
B. to teach
C. teaches
D. teach
二. 根据所给句子的意思和首字母写单词
1. d_________say what sb./sth. is like
2. r _________bring or collect sth. together
3. c__________the person who collects thing as hobbies and so on
4. s_________ give a part of sth. to others
5. f _________the person from another country
三. 阅读理解
A
Water is the “life”of our earth. It is in every living thing. It is in the air. It runs through mountains
Nature has a great water system(系统). Rainwater finds its way to streams(溪) and rivers. Rivers lead to the ocean. At mouths of rivers， fresh water joins the salt water of the ocean.
Thick water steam in the air becomes clouds and clouds bring us rain. Plants and animal's life depends on water. Where there is water，there is life. We have to clean our streams and rivers and do something against pollution(污染) because pollution does harm to the life.
1. We say water is the “life”of our earth because _______.
A. water is in the air
B. water can run everywhere
C. there are living things in the water
D. where there is water，there is life
2. Which of the following is exactly the same as what the article says?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
3. According to(按照) the article， which of the following is correct?
A. Water is in every living thing.
B. Water is everything.
D. Water runs through everything.
4. According to the article， fresh water joins the salt water of the ocean ______.
A. in the valleys
B. in the mountains
C. at mouths of rivers
D. at mouths of oceans
5. What does this article say we have to do against pollution?
A. Clean the steam.
B. Stop air pollution.
C. Prevent the fresh water from joining the salt water.
D. Clean our streams and rivers.
B
根据上图，选择最佳答案。（共5小题，计分10分）
1. If you want to go from the northwest to City Center，you can take Bus ______.
A. Bus No. 4
B. Bus No. 5
C. Bus No. 3
D. Bus No. 10
2. The First Hospital can be seen in the _____.
A. west
B. east
C. north
D. south
3. You may go boating in ______.
A. Great Lake and the Beihai Park
B. Town Supermarket
C. the History Museum
D. the Football Club
4. Bank of China is near _____.
A. May Airport
B. Teachers” College
C. the Public Library
D. the Red Star Cinema
5. －How many schools can you find in this map?
－________.
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
四. 对话连线
I II
1. Hello， who’s that， please? A. Oh，I’d love to. Thank you.
2. I’m sorry I’m late. B. I like them very much.
3. What’s the date today. C. Yes. It’s on the other side of the street.
4. Would you like to come to supper? D. That’s right.
5. How do you like the pictures? E. This is Mary speaking.
6. It’s a fine day for a walk. F. It doesn’t matter.
7. Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the cinema? G. It’s January 15.
五．看图填词
根据图示在下面短文中填写词语，每个空格只能填写一个单词（该词的首字母已给出），使句子通顺、完整，并与图意相符。
Last Saturday morning Mr. Lee left h__(1)__ early to go fishing. Very soon he got to a lake. He s__(2)__ on the side of the lake and began to fish. The sun was shining b__(3)__ over his head. But he was unlucky. When the sun went down， he still hadn't caught any fish， so he felt very s__(4)__. He thought that his wife might l__(5)__ at him because he had caught n__(6)__. How to save his face? He became w__(7)__. Suddenly he got an idea. He ran to the fish m__(8)__ at once and bought t__(9)__ big fish. Then he h__(10)__ back happily，thinking that his wife would say something good to him.
参考答案
一.
1. B 飞机起飞用take off。
2. C 对时间的长短提问用how long。
3. A 根据答语可知是对时间进行提问。
4. C 四个选项都可以引导时间状语，但in一般用于将来时或否定词和最高级形式后面表示一段时间，而
且常用于美国英语，at后接时刻，since后接开始时刻，而two hours是表示一段时间，故只能选C。
5. B 题干中的for是介词，后面要求接动名词形式。
6. C 落后的固定用法。
7. B
8. C
9. D
10. A of后接名词或相当于名词的词语。
二.
1.describe 2. raise 3.collector 4.share 5.foreigner
三.
A.
1. D 根据短文第一段“It is in every living thing.”及第三段中“Plants and animals' life
depends on water.”可以推断出答案为D。
2. D 综合短文第二、三段大自然的循环规律，并根据常识可以判断出答案为D。
3. A 答案可以从对短文第三段“Plants and animals' life depends on water. Where there is
water， there is life.”所叙述的内容，进行归纳概括得出。
4. C 短文第二段最后一句“At mouths of rivers，fresh water joins the salt water of the
ocean.”已提供了明显的信息。
5. D 我们从短文最后一句中“We have to clean our streams and rivers and do something
against pollution，”可以判断出D正确。
B.
1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. A
四.
1. E 2. F 3. G 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
本题考察的是日常交际用语的运用能力。要求给每个句子配位。在理解各句的句意后，运用日常交际用语在
不同场合的应答，就能逐一完成。如本题第一句的“Hello， who’s that， please?”根据II栏中E项的答
语“This is Mary speaking”可以推断出这里电话用语（请问您是哪位）。再如第四句“Would you like
to come to supper?”（你来吃晚饭好吗？）按照英美人士交际习惯，应该先说表示乐意，并致谢，就不难
找到II栏中的a项应答。
五.
（1）home （2）sat （3）brightly （4）sad/sorry （5）laugh
（6）nothing （7）worried （8）market （9）two （10）hurried
新目标英语八年级下册第六单元单元检测
Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
第一卷：
I. 单项选择
（ ）1. －When did you get your first pair of skates?
－_______.
A. For 6 years B. Since I was 7 years old.
C. When I was 7 years old. D. Since 6 years ago.
（ ）2. He raised ______ for the charity to help the poor children.
A. thousand of dollars B. thousand of dollar
C. thousands of dollars D. thousands of dollar
（ ）3. －______ does the first class begin? －At 7:40.
A. How long B. Where
C. When D. How
（ ）4. Mr. Smith _______ here for about two hours.
A. has left B. left from
C. went away from D. has been away from
（ ）5. _____ of them has an English dictionary.
A. Every B. All C. Both D. Each
（ ）6. ______ is really hard _______ them to climb up the mountain at night.
A. This, to B. It, for C. This, for D. It, to
（ ）7. Signs can been seen on the road. _______ can people see them?
A. Where else place B. Where place else
C. Where else D. Anywhere
（ ）8. －Who cleaned the blackboard yesterday, Dick? －John ______.
A. cleaned B. does C. did D. is
（ ）9. Do you know _______ over there?
A. What happens B. What was happened
C. What is happening D. What did happen
（ ）10. I’m waiting for my friend. If he _______, I will go swimming alone.
A. doesn’t come B. won’t come
C. will come D. is coming
II. 完型填空
Linda has brought all her books home today. After lunch she puts the 1 out on the table and begins to do the homework for each subject. She begins with math. She finds that she has no 2 . She looks for it everywhere, but doesn’t find it. After a little while, she doesn’t feel comfortable 3 . She moves to the sofa with all her books. Now the sunlight from the window shines 4 . She moves back to the table. She has made a good start on her 5 when she stops to listen to her mother talking on the telephone. When she comes back to her work, her little sister Betty asks her for some 6 . Betty joins her at the table and begins to draw a horse. Linda has to 7 her. When they have finished, both go to the 8 . Linda eats some cakes there and brings a tin Coca Cola to her table. She says to herself, “I’ll finish my English exercises 9 at school before classes start ” Then she starts to review her history lesson, but she feels 10 . She doesn’t know what she is reading. She closes her books and goes to bed.
1. A. balls B. books C. toys D. pictures
2. A. cake B. water C. ruler D. bag
3. A. on the floor B. near the window C. on the table D. in the chair
4. A. on the door B. on the walls C. on her feet D. in her eyes
5. A. English B. Chinese C. history D. math
6. A. money B. paper C. sweets D. apples
7. A. pull B. help C. listen to D. write to
8. A. bedroom B. bathroom C. classroom D. kitchen
9. A. today B. tomorrow C. this evening D. this afternoon
10. A. cold B. sorry C. tired D. hungry
III. 阅读理解
（一）
The word hobby is an interesting word. Every person has one thing he or she
likes to do for fun （娱乐）. Some people like to collect （收集）things like stamps or story books. Others like to play football or go window shopping where you can look at many beautiful things without buying them.
I have many hobbies I do for fun. I sometimes play golf with my sons. I play tennis with all the family. I like to collect music books. I also collect musical instruments （乐器）from China like the erhu, the dizi, the xiao, the suona, and the pipa. These are the instruments of China which cannot be found in America.
My favourite hobby is fishing. I like to go and see my brother in the state （州）of Alaska where fishing is wonderful. The two of us take a boat and go to the small river where we fish for salmon, America’s most famous fish.
（ ）1. The word “hobby” means _______.
A. collecting stamps
B. playing tennis with your friends
C. something you enjoy doing in your free time
D. something you can see at the window shopping
（ ）2. What’s the writer’s most liked hobby?
A. Playing golf with his son.
B. Fishing.
C. Collecting Chinese musical instruments.
D. Collecting music books.
（ ）3. Salmon is _______.
A. a river where people can go fishing
B. a town near Alaska
C. a kind of instrument
D. a kind of fish
（二）
Dear students,
The following rules are for life and work in Belleyboys School. Please read them carefully.
1. Stand up when a teacher or a visitor goes into the room.
2. You must be in a classroom or other study places during lesson time.
3. Arrive in time for the start of each lesson with the things you need so that you are ready
to start work.
4. Wear smart, clean clothing. Hair must be clean and tidy; extreme colours and styles are not
allowed. Long hair must be tied back neatly.
5. Do not leave school if you are not allowed.
6. Food and drink must not be taken out from the dining room.
7. All medicines must be given by the school doctor.
8. Radios and personal computers may only be used in dormitory houses where the house rules
allow. They are not allowed in classes or in the library.
Belleyboys School
Notes:
1. smart漂亮的
2. extreme极端
3. neatly整洁地
4. allow允许
5. dormitory寝室
根据布告内容，判断正误。正确的用“T”表示，错误的用“F”表示。
1. You must be only in a classroom during lesson time.
2. Long hair must be tied back neatly.
3. Personal computers can be used in the library.
（三）
Reading newspapers has become an important part of everyday life. Some people read newspapers as the first thing to do in the morning; others read newspapers as soon as they have free time during the day so that they can learn what is happening in the world.
Sometimes, we do not have enough time to read all the news carefully, so we just take a quick look at the front page. At other times, we may be in such a hurry that we only have a few minutes to look at the names of the passages.
Newspapers can be found everywhere in the world. We can get many different kinds of newspapers in big cities, but in some mountain villages we can see few newspapers.
Some newspapers are published （出版）once a week, but most of the papers are published once a day with many pages, some even published twice a day! You know different people enjoy reading different newspapers. Some like world news, and others prefer short stories. They just choose what they are interested in.
Today newspapers in English have the largest number of readers （读者）in the world. The English language is so popular that many Chinese students are reading English newspapers such as China Daily and 21st Century. They bring us more and more messages together with the Internet.
1. Reading newspapers is the most important part of life for everybody. （ ）
2. Usually we do not read all the passages in newspapers. （ ）
3. People in some mountain villages can see many kinds of newspapers. （ ）
4. Different people like to read different newspapers. （ ）
5. We can get more and more messages in English newspapers together with the Internet. （ ）
第二卷：
I、根据句意及首字母完成下列单词，使句意完整。
1.How long have you been c_______ shells?
2.Was this your first skating m__________?
3.When did you get your first p_______of skates?
4.I p___________love globes with animals.
5.Although I am new,I have s_________friends here .
6.In Australia,students usually study A__________and western history.
7.There is some European i________in the city .
8.Our class is organizing a talent show to r______money for charity.
II、用所给词的适当形式填空：
1. Thanks for ______（send）me the snow globe.
2. I have live in this apartment since I ______（come）to China.
3. What’s the ______（common）hobby?
4. I’m quite ______（interest）in the writer job.
5. They _______（watch）a video when I arrived there.
6. He _______（write）the letter to his pen pal since 9:00 a.m.
7. The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy _______（read）history books.
8. How long has he _______(be)in the army so far?
9. I think she’s good at _______（skate）and she’s an excellent _______（skate）.
10. They said they _______（raise）money for charity the next week.
III. 根据句意用for或since填空。
1. It’s ten years ______ we met each other last time.
2. He has taught English _______ 25 years.
3. The Greens have lived on the farm ______ 1990.
4. They have been practicing the guitar _______ two hours.
5.－How long have you been a reporter?
－_____ 8 years ago.
6. I haven’t gone for a walk in the park ________ a long time.
7. He’s been collecting stamps _______ he was in primary school.
8. Peter has been to summer camp ________ 3 times.
IV. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. 孩子们对玩电脑游戏很感兴趣。
Children are very ____ _____ ______ computer games.
2. 昨天我买了一双运动鞋。
Yesterday I bought _____ _____ _____ sports shoes.
3. 我买不起这本字典了。因为我用完了钱。
I can’t afford to buy the dictionary, because I have ____ _____ ____ my money.
4. 非常感谢你把这些精美的邮票送给我。
Thanks a lot for ______ ______ the beautiful ______.
5. 自我7岁起，我就一直听音乐。
I have been listening to music ______ ______ ______ _______ old.
6. 她去过北京两次。
She ______ ______ to Beijing twice.
7. 你喜欢集邮吗？
Do you like _____ ________?
8. 她今天滑冰滑了多长时间了？
How long ____ _____ _____ skating today?
V.给下列会话选出最佳答案
Li Fang: Hi, Wang Hai! It’s a long time since we met last. (1)_____
Wang Hai: I’ve been to Kunming with my friends.
Li: (2) _____
Wang: Yes, of course. And we saw many kinds of flowers there. (3) _____
Li: Did you meet any foreign visitors?
Wang: Yes, a lot. And I talked with some of them.
Li: (4) _____
Wang: They said we were very friendly.
Li: (5) _____
Wang: The delicious food and the places of interest.
A. What did they say about Chinese people?
B. You’ve just come back, haven’t you?
C. Did you have a good journey?
D. What did they like best about China?
E. Where have you been?
F. There were many foreigners, too.
G. All of them were very beautiful.
VI．书面表达
什么事情使你感到快乐？叙述一件使你感到过快乐的事情，字数80左右。
【试题答案】
第一卷：
I、单项选择CCCDD, BCCCA
II、完型填空BCDDA, BBDBC
III、阅读理解（一）CBD （二）FTF （三）FTFFT
第二卷：
I、根据句意及首字母完成下列单词，使句意完整。
collecting,marathon,pair,particularly,several,Australia,influence,raise
II、用所给词的适当形式填空：
sending, came, most common, interested, were watching, has been writing, reading, been, skating, skater, would raise
III、根据句意用for或since填空
since, for, since, for, since, for, since, for
IV. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. interested in playing
2. a pair of
3. run out of
4. sending me, stamps
5. since I was seven years
6. has been
7. collecting stamps
8. has she been
V.给下列会话选出最佳答案 1~5 ECGAD
VI.书面表达：（略）
【习题检测】
一. 单项选择
1. The flight from Beijing to New York ______ at 9:45 am. on Friday.
A. gets off B. takes off C. puts up D. gets up
2. — ______ have you been living here？
— For ten years.
A. How much B. How many C. How long D. How soon
3. — _______ did you first skate?
— Two years ago.
A. When B. What C. Why D. How
4. I have been skating _____ two hours.
A. in B. at C. for D.since
5. Thanks for ____ me the book.
A. gave B. giving C. give D. to give
6. We all helped him with his English so he didn’t _______ with his study.
A. fall off B. fall down C. fall behind D. fall over
7. Mr Green _______ in China since five years ago.
A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live
8. ＿＿＿ is the meeting going to last? About twenty minutes.
A. How far B. How soon C. How long D. How often
9. What shall we do now? ＿＿＿ for a walk?
A. How's about to go B. What about to go
C. How's about going D. What about going
10. Do you have another way of ＿＿＿ the child?
A. teaching B. to teach C. teaches D. teach
二. 根据所给句子的意思和首字母写单词
1. d_________say what sb./sth. is like
2. r _________bring or collect sth. together
3. c__________the person who collects thing as hobbies and so on
4. s_________ give a part of sth. to others
5. f _________the person from another country
三. 阅读理解
A
Water is the “life”of our earth. It is in every living thing. It is in the air. It runs through mountains and valleys. It forms lakes and oceans. Water is everywhere.
Nature has a great water system(系统). Rainwater finds its way to streams(溪) and rivers. Rivers lead to the ocean. At mouths of rivers， fresh water joins the salt water of the ocean.
Thick water steam in the air becomes clouds and clouds bring us rain. Plants and animal's life depends on water. Where there is water，there is life. We have to clean our streams and rivers and do something against pollution(污染) because pollution does harm to the life.
1. We say water is the “life”of our earth because _______.
A. water is in the air B. water can run everywhere
C. there are living things in the water D. where there is water，there is life
2. Which of the following is exactly the same as what the article says?
A.
B.
C.
D.
3. According to(按照) the article， which of the following is correct?
A. Water is in every living thing. B. Water is everything.
C. Water forms everything. D. Water runs through everything.
4. According to the article， fresh water joins the salt water of the ocean ______.
A. in the valleys B. in the mountains
C. at mouths of rivers D. at mouths of oceans
5. What does this article say we have to do against pollution?
A. Clean the steam. B. Stop air pollution.
C. Prevent the fresh water from joining the salt water.
D. Clean our streams and rivers.
B
根据上图，选择最佳答案。（共5小题，计分10分）
1. If you want to go from the northwest to City Center，you can take Bus ______.
A. Bus No. 4 B. Bus No. 5 C. Bus No. 3 D. Bus No. 10
2. The First Hospital can be seen in the _____.
A. west B. east C. north D. south
3. You may go boating in ______.
A. Great Lake and the Beihai Park B. Town Supermarket
C. the History Museum D. the Football Club
4. Bank of China is near _____.
A. May Airport B. Teachers” College
C. the Public Library D. the Red Star Cinema
5. －How many schools can you find in this map?
－________.
A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four
四. 对话连线
I II
1. Hello， who’s that， please? A. Oh，I’d love to. Thank you.
2. I’m sorry I’m late. B. I like them very much.
3. What’s the date today. C. Yes. It’s on the other side of the street.
4. Would you like to come to supper? D. That’s right.
5. How do you like the pictures? E. This is Mary speaking.
6. It’s a fine day for a walk. F. It doesn’t matter.
7. Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the cinema? G. It’s January 15.
五．填词
根据图示在下面短文中填写词语，每个空格只能填写一个单词（该词的首字母已给出），使句子通顺、完整
Last Saturday morning Mr. Lee left h__(1)__ early to go fishing. Very soon he got to a lake. He s__(2)__ on the side of the lake and began to fish. The sun was shining b__(3)__ over his head. But he was unlucky. When the sun went down， he still hadn't caught any fish，so he felt very s__(4)__. He thought that his wife might l__(5)__ at him because he had caught n__(6)__. How to save his face? He became w__(7)__. Suddenly he got an idea. He ran to the fish m__(8)__ at once and bought t__(9)__ big fish. Then he h__(10)__ back happily，thinking that his wife would say something good to him.
参考答案
一.
1. B 飞机起飞用take off。
2. C 对时间的长短提问用how long。
3. A 根据答语可知是对时间进行提问。
4. C 四个选项都可以引导时间状语，但in一般用于将来时或否定词和最高级形式后面表示一段时间，而且常用于美国英语，at后接时刻，since后接开始时刻，而two hours是表示一段时间，故只能选C。
5. B 题干中的for是介词，后面要求接动名词形式。
6. C 落后的固定用法。
7. B
8. C
9. D
10. A of后接名词或相当于名词的词语。
二.
1.describe 2. raise 3.collector 4.share 5.foreigner
三.
A.
1. D 根据短文第一段“It is in every living thing.”及第三段中“Plants and animals' life depends on water.”可以推断出答案为D。
2. D 综合短文第二、三段大自然的循环规律，并根据常识可以判断出答案为D。
3. A 答案可以从对短文第三段“Plants and animals' life depends on water. Where there is water， there is life.”所叙述的内容，进行归纳概括得出。
4. C 短文第二段最后一句“At mouths of rivers，fresh water joins the salt water of the ocean.”已提供了明显的信息。
5. D 我们从短文最后一句中“We have to clean our streams and rivers and do something against pollution，”可以判断出D正确。
B.
1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. A
四.
1. E 2. F 3. G 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
本题考察的是日常交际用语的运用能力。要求给每个句子配位。在理解各句的句意后，运用日常交际用语在不同场合的应答，就能逐一完成。如本题第一句的“Hello， who’s that， please?”根据II栏中E项的答语“This is Mary speaking”可以推断出这里电话用语（请问您是哪位）。再如第四句“Would you like to come to supper?”（你来吃晚饭好吗？）按照英美人士交际习惯，应该先说表示乐意，并致谢，就不难找到II栏中的a项应答。
五.
（1）home （2）sat （3）brightly （4）sad/sorry （5）laugh
（6）nothing （7）worried （8）market （9）two （10）hurried
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