分享

考研英语每日一课(完形填空测试样题及解题思路)

 wwwijhyt图书馆 2013-05-20
 

   

完 形 填 空-完形填空测试样题及解题思路


Sample 1.

Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the 1 in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The 2 student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of 3 , not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned with brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is 4 for learning the material assigned. When research is assigned, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with 5 guidance. It is the student's reponsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain 6 a university library works; they expect students, particularly graduate students, to be able to exhaust the reference 7 in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but 8 that their students should not be too dependent on them. In the United States professors have many other duties besides teaching, such as administrative or research work. 9 , the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either 10 a professor during office hours or make an appointment.

1.[A] suggestion[B] context [C] abstract [D] information
2.[A] poor [B] ideal [C] any [D] disappointed
3.[A] fun [B] work [C] learning [D] prize
4.[A] criticized[B] innocent [C] responsible[D] dismissed
5.[A] maximum [B] minimum [C] assistant's[D] practical
6.[A] when [B] what [C] why [D] how
7.[A] selections[B] collections[C] sources [D] origins
8.[A] hate [B] dislike [C] like [D] prefer
9.[A] However [B] Therefore [C] Furthermore[D] Nevertheless
10.[A] greet [B] annoy [C] approach [D] attach

解题思路

1.答案为D项。四个选择项都可做名词,从语法结构上分析,每个答案都可填入空缺处,但从句子的语义来看,阅读的目的是希望从中获取某些信息,因此选择information,它是“资料;情报;信息”; context表示“(文章的)上下文”,如: We should guess the meaning of a word from the context.(我们该从上下文中猜词义); abstract指“摘要”。联系上下文,不难看出,都是在布置了阅读作业之后,是希望学生熟悉阅读文章里的一些内容,其他三个选择的词义与整句句意不符。

2.答案为B项。尽管四个选择项都能修饰名词(它们是形容词),但根据语法规则,名词student前面不能同时有 the与 any两个限定词来修饰,因此首先排除C项。A项与D项,虽然从语法结构上讲得通,然而把它们与整个句子的意思联系起来就让人感到费解。因此,从语意上看,只有 ideal符合上下文语义,即:“理想的学生不是只对获高分感兴趣,而且具有为获取知识而学习的动力”。

3.答案为C项。这一题的空缺与上一题的空缺同在一个句子中,所以做题要做到前后呼应。通过上下文,我们得知,教师认为理想的学生不应该只对获取高分感兴趣,还应该有一种学习的动力,这种动力就在四个选择中。for the sake of ...表示“为了…目的”,如:He cited the example for the sake of comparison.(他为了对比举了那个例子)。联系上下文得知,既然老师不赞成学生只对获高分感兴趣,也不会赞成学生为了“获奖”或“娱乐”而学习。虽然我们可以说“为了工作而学习”,但全文没有提高学生的学习与以后工作方面有联系,而主要讲的是作为学生,学习期间教师希望他们怎样学习以及在学习方面教 师与学生的责任等。因此,for the sake of learning在意义上最贴切,即:一个理想的学生应该具有为获取知识而学习的动力。

4.答案为C项。该题仍可以从语义上获取正确答案。首先从搭配结构上分析可以排除B项,innocent后面只能跟介词“ of”,如: He is innocent of a crime.(他无罪)。如果把 for 看做是表示原因,那么dismissed与 criticized的句意又完全解释不通,无论如何也不会是“老师把学生开除了或是批评他们,是因为学生学习老师布置的作业”,这显然既不符合上下文、又不符常识 。只有选项C,语法上与be responsible for…这一结构相符,语义、结构上也都讲得通,不失为最佳答案。

5.答案为B项。通过下文"It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines…. Professors do not have the time to explain…”以及“…students should not be too dependent on professors”,我们可以做出判断,教授不喜欢学生太依赖老师,学生们应该有自己的独立性、主动性,因此, minimum放在空缺处最能表达此意。 maximum是“最大限度、范围的”,正好与B项意义相反;C项的assistant's虽说语意上行得通,而结构上却应该排除,因为assistant是可数名词,当它以单数形式第一次出现时,前面应有不定冠词“an”;D项与A项相同,表达的均是“教授期望学生在指导下完成研究任务”,事实上,下文的内容证明了这是错误的判断,与下文内容恰好相反。

6.答案为D项。从语法结构来分析,B项可以排除,因为explain引导的宾语从句中的谓语动词works是不及物动词,不可能由what来引导的宾语从句。其他三项均是副词,语法上都讲得通,但在语义及常识观念上经不住推敲。首先,做为大学生,他们不可能不知道图书馆的作息时间,更不可能愚笨到不知道图书馆为何存在;再者,根据常识来判断,这些都不是教授份内应尽的责任。只有D项的how用在该处最为贴切,说明教授没有时间指导学生该如何地查阅文献。

7.答案为C项。该题属于词汇辨异。首先可以排除D项,因为origins是“起源、起因”之意,用在该处不符合句意。selections为“精选物”,collections是“收集物”,exhaust在此句的意思是“详尽无遗地论述”,当动词用,根据句意,“教授期望学生、尤其是研究生能够详尽地阐明图书馆里参考资料的出处”,虽然selections与collections也可能和reference搭配,但意义却不太确切。sources是“原始资源、出处”的含义,与reference一起表示参考资料的出处。

8.答案为D项。首先从语法结构上可以排除A、B、C三项。因为like和 hate后面只能接不定式或动名词,不能接that引导的从句,dislike后面只能接动名词,且句中的that从句里又出现了虚拟语气,因此只有prefer一词适用于这一结构。再者,从语意上分析,上文已交待“…professor expects the students to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance”,从这一句意也能看出教授的态度,他们不希望学生过多地依赖教师。此外,从上下文的逻辑关系上也可以解出此题,空缺的前一句是“professor will help students who need it”(教授会帮助那些需要帮助的学生),但是接下来是一个转折词“but”,说明教授对学生依赖性的另一种态度了,希望学生独立性方面强一些,因而这种逻辑关系提醒我们不能选择前三项,否则意义关系就分不清了。

9.答案为B项。根据上下句之间的逻辑关系就能解出此题。前一句提到“在美国,教授除了教学外,还有许多其他的职责,如行政或研究工作”,因此,就出现了“the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited”;换言之,教授课外与学生在一起的时间非常有限的原因即是上文提到的情况,上下文的内容是一种因果的逻辑关系。A项与D项表达一种转折关系;C项表示补充关系;只有B项therefore可以表达因果逻辑关系。

10.答案为C项。本题考查考生对词义及句中语义的理解。从语法结构看,四个选项均为动词,但它们的词义截然不同,因此必须联系原文。试设想,如果学生在课上有问题问,他们决不会使教授烦恼、生气或者拘押,可以排除annoy和 attach。 greet也仅仅表示见面“打招呼”,如果学生课上遇到问题,仅仅与教授打招呼还不够,而应该去找教授或预约一个时间,因此应选 approach,做动词用时,它可以指“走近,与…打交道”。

Sample 2. An American 1 has successfully tested a way to clean waste water without chemicals. The 2 uses green plants. Researcher William Jewell is an agricultural engineer at Cornell University in New York State. He calls his cleaning method the nutrient film techique. He says it is very simple. It is based 3 a fact that waste water is an excellent plant food.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency is supporting Professor Jewell's experiments. The tests were carried 4 at an existing waste water treatment center in the northeastern state of New Hampshire. The scientists put plants in narrow containers 5 a glass building. One end of each container was a little higher than the other and waste water was directed down the containers through the plants' thick roots. 6 expected, the roots trapped the wastes in the water and used them for food. At the same time, the plants produced natural gas. The gas could be 7 and sold as fuel.

Professor Jewell says his nutrient film technique is more 8 than most chemical systems. He also says it can produce clean water for about half the cost. And he says, the technique can be used in treatment centers fueled 9 the sun. Four places in Florida 10 are using green plants to clean their waste water.

1.[A] observer [B] research [C] explorer [D] expositor
2.[A] means [B] ways [C] method [D] technique
3.[A] at [B] for [C] in [D] on
4.[A] on [B] off [C] out [D] over
5.[A] inside [B] outside [C] beneath [D] opposite
6.[A] As [B] So [C] As were [D] So were
7.[A] concentrated[B] organized[C] assembled[D] collected
8.[A] affective [B] effective[C] frequent [D] efficient
9.[A] by [B] from [C] in [D] under
10.[A] yet [B] still [C] already [D] exactly

解题思路

1.答案为B项。本题属于词义辨析。observer是“观察者,评论家”; researcher指“研究人员,调查者”,既可指从事纯学术研究也可指从事实验科学研究的人员;explorer为“探险家;勘探者”,多指从事探险、矿物质勘探的人员; expositor做“说明者;讲解人”。这四个词都是名词,均指人,但是在本文中,指的是能够并且“已经试验成功一种不用化学药物来处理废水方法”的人,为此可以判断, researcher可以用来指代这种人。下文的“ Researcher William Jewell…”也证明这种选择的正确性。

2.答案为D项。该题是近义词辨析,考查考生对这四个名词的用法的区分能力。A项的means虽然是复数形式,但是常作单数用,可指一切方法或手段;way是最常用词,既可指一般的办法也可指个人的或特殊的方式方法,多与介词of或动词不定式搭配使用。如:She has changed her way of living.(她改变了自己的生活方式);C项的method多指有系统地、按步骤处理事物的方法或理论性的方法,如:the duductive/inductive method(演绎法/归纳法);D项的technique往往指工艺或艺术上的“技术,技巧;方法”,如:popularized the new advanced techniques “推广先进的新技术(方法)”。根据上下文的语义及结构搭配,可以推断这里指的是处理废水的新方法(技术),鉴于ways是复数形式与题意和谓语单数动词(uses)均不相符,正确答案应是D项。

3.答案为D项。该题考查考生对于固定搭配词组的掌握情况。四个选择项均为介词,哪一个正确要看能否与be based搭配。动词短语be based on (upon)表示“以…为根据;基于…”,如:His argument was based on facts.(他的论点以事实为根据)。文中本句的意思是“这种处理废水新方法的原理为:废水是植物的极好肥料”。其他三个选择项与base不搭配,因而全部排除。

4.答案为C项。四个选择与动词carry都搭配,即:无论从语法角度还是所需填词的词性选择方面都没有什么错误,问题就在词义上,carry on 表示“进行下去;继续开展”,强调动作的延续和进行,如:Let's carry on with the work even though we may run into still greater difficulties.(我们继续做这项工作吧,即使会遇到更大的困难也要干下去); carry off是“赢得(奖章等);成功地完成”,如: Who has carried off the first prize in the contest? (谁在比赛中得了第一名?);carry out有“进行(到底);执行;完成;开展”之意,如: We expect him to carry out his promises.(我们期待他履行诺言); carry over是“使继续下去;把…争取到自己这边来”,如: We did our best to carry him over and at last succeeded.(我们尽力争取他,到底成功了)。根据上下文的信息可知该试验已经完成并取得预期结果,因此,正确答案选carry out。

5.答案为A项。本题考查考生介词用法的区分能力和语义的理解。众所周知,inside表示“在…内部”,既可指在房屋、建筑物的里面也可指在某个党派、组织或团体的内部,还可以表示在规定的时间内并多指早于所规定的时间; outside与 inside正好相反,它们是一对反义词; beneath是“在…(正)下方”; opposite则为“在…的对面”。从文中的句意来看,科学家把植物放在狭窄容器中,这个狭窄容器一定是在玻璃暖房里,如果是在外面也就没必要提玻璃暖房。至于 beneath与 opposite那都不可能的。

6.答案为A项。本题考查考生对句子结构的理解,首先可以先分析一下句法结构。expect是动词做谓语,就是说空缺处的词应该是主语。选项A的as 可以是代词,指后面主句中所叙述的整个内容,as expected 等于as was expected(如所预料的那样),如: As was expected, excessive drinking and smoking caught up with him.(正如所料,他过度饮酒抽烟) As is announced in the paper, our country has launched another manmade earth satellite.(正如报纸所说,我国又发射一颗人造地球卫星)选项B中的 so用作代词时,多与 assume, believe, do, expect, guess, hope, say, suppose, tell, think, be afraid等动词连用,代替前文的词语或意思,表示“如此;这样”,如: I expect so. (我看是这样)He hopes he will win and I hope so too.(他希望自己会赢,我也希望如此)可见, so 用作代词时其用法与as用作关系代词的用法截然不同, as 在句子中作主语,且指后面主句的整个内容;而so 在句子中作宾语,指上文的整个内容。值得一提的是,选项C具有很大的迷惑性,它的错误在于谓语动作用了复数,而实际上这种结构需要用单数,如:As is expected 或As was expected…

7.答案为D项。collect一词是“收集,采集”等含义,特别指按照一定计划进行收集,是普遍用语。根据上下文的逻辑关系及语义搭配,该空缺的最佳选择词为 collect。 concentrate意为把注意力、精力、思想等“集中在…”,如: They always concentrate their efforts on finding ways to reduce costs.(他们总是竭尽全力找出降低成本的办法。) organize意为“组织;把…编组”,用于“组建”公司、俱乐部,“组织”小组、会议、参观、旅游或竞赛等; assemble表示“集合;调集;装配”,强调为某个特定的目的而收集,多用于“集合”学生、“召集”议员、“收集”材料、“调集”兵力、“装配”机器等,如: We need skilled workers who can assemble cars very quickly.(我们需要会迅速装配汽车的熟练工人。)

8.答案为B项。该题考查考生对近义词的辨析,考生应对选择答案词语本身内在含义的细微差别和这些词语在句中的不同用法有深刻理解。文中本句的句意为:“朱厄尔教授说,他的滋养膜法比其他大多数化学方法更有效”,根据句意,首先可以排除A、C两项。effective指“有效的,生效的”,多用来修饰事物,并强调产生所预期的效果,如: take effective measures(采取有效措施); efficient是“效率高的”,与 effective是同义词,但多用于修饰人,并强调能够产生所预期的效果而又节省时间或精力,也可修饰物,如: A skilled surgeon is efficient.(一个熟练的外科医生的效率是很高的。)根据上下文的逻辑关系及语义搭配, effective用在空缺比 efficient更为贴切。
错误选项A的 affective与 effective词形相近,但意义完全不同。 affective是“感情方面的,由感情引起的”,如: an affective disorder(情感精神病);选项C的错误在于 frequent表示“时常发生的,经常的”,指事物发生的频繁性,与句意不相符。

9.答案为A项。四个选择项都为介词,本题是考查考生对于不同介词含义的了解。fuel用作不及物动词意为“供给燃料”,多与介词 at或in连用,表示添加燃料的地点,如: The ship will have to fuel at the nearest port.(这条船需在最近的港口添加燃料。)句中的 fuelled by…是过去分词短语作定语,意为“用…作为燃料”, by的含义为“靠;由;根据”等,如: read by electric light(在电灯光下读书); a power station fuelled by uranium(用铀作燃料的发电站)。从语意及句子上下文内容来看,介词by最符合题义。

10.答案为C项。该题首先必须明确句子的逻辑关系,上文提到“And he says, the technique can be used in treatment centers fuelled by the sun.”,该句又交待“Four places…”,并且时态用的是进行时态,这就充分说明该句对上一句是一种补充,或者就是例证,说明在佛罗里达有四个地方已经用绿色植物来清洁废水,因此选择already,它多用于肯定句,表示“已经”;yet也可以作“已经”解,但常用于疑问句,如: Is Jenny off the phone yet?(珍妮电话打完了吗?)此外,yet还可以表示一种转折的逻辑关系,在该文中,上下文看不出是转折关系,故排除之; still用作副词意为“还;仍旧”及 exactly都明显不符合句意,均应排除。

Sample 3. The salt which gave both the city and the province their name has been mined in this region for centuries. The province 1 part of the Limestone Alps, the lakes of the western Saizkammergut, the eastern section of the Kitzbüheler Alps, the northern part of the Hohe Tauern 2 and the western area of the Niedere Tauern.

The city of Salzburg(pop. approximately 139,000)is the 3 of the provincial government and also of the Archbishop of Salzburg. 4 the home of Mozart, it developed in the years after 1945, along with the rest of the province, 5 a focal point for the international tourist trade. The whole of the old city has been 6 and now represents an integral work of art in its own 7 . The thermal springs in the Gastein Valley have established an international reputation for the spa resorts of Badgastein and Bad Hofgastein. Small towns such as SaalbachHinterglemm, Zellam See and Kaprun have become widely known in recent years 8 winter sports centres. Kaprun has also attracted widespread interest with the Glockner Kaprun project, part of the Tauern hydro?electric complex.

Rapid progress in the tourist sector has been accompanied 9 similar developments in other specialised industrial fields, many of them export?oriented. Culture and science have not 10 behind. The internationally renowned Salzburg Festival, founded in 1920, is supplemented now by Herbert von Karajan's Easter Festival and Whitsun concert series as well as by a number of other festivals. The University of Salzburg was reopened in 1962.

1.[A] contains [B] includes [C] encloses [D] involves
2.[A] range [B] mount [C] extent [D] mountain
3.[A] place [B] spot [C] seat [D] region
4.[A] Hence [B] Thereby [C] Since [D] Once
5.[A] to [B] into [C] from [D] for
6.[A] protected [B] conserved [C] preserved [D] maintained
7.[A] right [B] perfect [C] exact [D] correct
8.[A] for [B] as [C] to [D] of
9.[A] to [B] in [C] by [D] with
10.[A] fell [B] delayed [C] lingered [D] lagged

解题思路

1.答案为B项。本题属于近义词辨异。选择项A、B和D都有“包含,包括”之意,但它们的含意、侧重和所指不尽相同。首先,include 多强调某一事物的整体包含或容纳做为整体一部分的和各个独立的部分,例如:The club includes a gym, swimming pool, sauna and locker room.(该俱乐部里有健身房、游泳池,桑拿及更衣室);contain指“包含,容纳”,如:Sea water contains salt.(海水含有盐分);involve是“包括”,含有必然包括之意,如:The execution of a scheme or plan involves the expenditure of much time and money.(执行方案或计划需要花许多时间和金钱);enclose的词意是“把…封住,把…围住”。根据语义,该题的正确答案选B。
2.答案为A项。该题仍是近义词判断。从文章的上下文来看,该句是指Salzburg包括有阿尔卑斯山脉Limestone山的一部分、西Salzkammergut的一些湖泊…等地区,可见the Hohe Tauern 是奥地利境内的山脉。range是“山脉”,可以是 a mountain range 或a range of mountains; mount 既可指“大山”(mountain),也可指“小山”(hill),在现代英语中多用于诗歌或山峰名词之前,略作Mt., 如Mt. Tai(泰山),Mt. Jolmolungma(珠穆朗玛峰);mountain的复数形式也可指“山脉”,如:the Rocky Mountains(落基山脉) ,the Himalayan Mountains(喜马拉雅山脉)。mountain的单数形式只指“大山、山丘”。从词义来看,只有range搭配。extent指“广度;程度”与上下文内容毫不相干。

3.答案为C项。四个选项的词义都与“地点”有关联。place为“位置、场所;地位”等;spot是“现场、地点”,尤指发生地或场所,如:This is the spot where the accident took place.(这就是出事的地方);seat意为“所有地;活动中心”,如:In the US, Washington is the seat of government and New York City is the chief seat of commerce.(在美国,华盛顿是政治中心,纽约是主要的商业中心);region多指“领域、范围。从上下文语义上判断,Salzburg城是省政府的所在地,也是Salzburg大主教管区。因此,答案选seat.

4.答案为D项。首先来判断空缺处的词性,应该是副词,尽管四个选项都可作副词,但从语义上看,只有D项符合。once意为“一度,曾经”(at some time in the past)在句中与同位语the home of mozart一起作时间状语,这种“副词+同位语”结构,多用来充当无动词分句中的一个成分的状语,像then, obviously, also,normally等均可与说明性同位成分连用,例如:Your brother, obviously an expert on English grammar, is highly praised in the book I'm reading.(你哥哥显然是位英语语法专家,他在我读的这本书中受到高度赞扬)。 hence意为“因此,所以”,表示结果逻辑关系;thereby是“由此,从而”,多置于句中或句末,如:The strike closed the ports, thereby adversely affecting the international balance of payments.(罢工使那些港口关闭,由此必然会对国际收支差额产生不利影响);since作副词用时多与完成时态连用,意为“从那时以后;后来”,如:This dam has since stood the trial of several floods.(从那时起水坝已经受了几次洪水的考验)

5.答案为B项。该题属于搭配及语义判断题,从结构上看四个选项都是介词,但从语义角度则不断。develop to 是“发展到”,如:develop to a high degree of maturity(发展到高度成熟阶段);develop into是“发展成为”,如:The manufacture has already developed into a large and flourishing industry.(该制造业已发展成为庞大而兴旺的工业);develop与 from搭配表示“从…发展而来”,如:Lung fever dervelops from flu.(肺炎由流感而引起),develop 与for不搭配。故从语义及词组搭配来看,B是正确答案。

6.答案为C项。本句的语义是“老城区保存完好…”,根据语义,正确答案是preserve,它含有“保存(房舍、道德标准、场景等)”,如:These fine old houses should be preserved for the future.(为了将来应该把这些漂亮的老房子保存好)。A项的protect指“保护”,多用于保护人免遭侵袭、危险的伤害、保护植物免受自然条件的损坏等;B项的conserve多用于“保存”精力、力量、健康,也可用于保护自然资料,如:conserve natural resources(保护自然资源),conserve one's energy(保存精力);D项的maintain表示“保持,维护,维修”等,特指保持速度、警惕性、联系、友谊、作用等。

7.答案为A项。四个选项都是表示程度的形容词,词义又相近。但是根据搭配结构只有right正确。in one's own right是指“凭本身的权利(能力、实力、资格、质量等)”,如:Vermouth, aromatized wine, is becoming popular in its own right.(味美思芳香酒凭其本身的质量正日益成为大众所爱饮用的名酒)

8.答案为B项。从结构上看,四个选择项介词都可与know搭配。首先,be known for表示“因…而众所周知”,如:The place is knoum for its handicraft products.(这地方因其手工艺品而出名);be known as 含“被称为…;以…著称”之意;be known to是“为…所知”,如:I shouldn't trust him;he's known to the police.(我不应该信任他,他是警察熟知的人物);know of 为“知道;听说过”,不用被动语态。根据短文的语义小城镇如扎尔巴赫——欣特格莱姆、滨湖策尔、卡普隆,近年来已经成为冬季体育运动中心而 声名远扬,因此,应选be known as.
9.答案为C项。尽管四个选择都为介词,只有by与 with可以与 accompany 搭配。be accompanied by表示“由…伴随;同时发生”,如:She was accompanied by her brother.(她由她兄弟陪同)A decreased income has been accompanied by increased expenditure.(收入有所减少,与此同时支出却有所增加);be accompanied with是“带有,兼有”,如:All orders must be accompanied with cash.(所有的定货单必须随附现金)。原文的句义是“随着旅游业方面的迅速发展,其他专门化的工业部门也很快地发展起来”,根据句意,正确选项是C。

10.答案为D项。从语义上可以排除B、C两项。delay是“眈搁,延误”而linger是“逗留,拖延”,如:He lingered in the garden until it was dark.(他在花园里一直徘徊到天黑)Daylight lingers on in the summertime.(在夏季,天迟迟不暗下来)。从固定搭配上看,fall behind 可以指“落后,跟不上”,如:Thongh we marched quickly for ten miles, no one fell behind.(我们快速行军了十英里,但没有一个人掉队);lag behind也指“落后”,如:At first he lagged behind in the race, but soon he picked up speed and overtook the other contestants one by one.(比赛刚开始的时候,他落在后边,但没多久他就加快速度,把其他选手一一抛在后面)。尽管这两个词组意义相同,但是原文用的是现在完成时,选项中的动词应是过去分词,而A项中的动词是fall的过去式,而不是过去分词,因此,答案只有D项。

Sample 4. Customs officers at a London airport yesterday found & 500,000 worth of drugs which were being smuggled into Britain in boxes marked“Urgent Medical Supplies.”The authorities might have suspected for some time 1 drugs were being brought into the country in this way. The behaviour is believed to be the work of a 2 international group. Four men were arrested at the airport and held for questioning, 3 it is unlikely that they are the organizers. In fact they declared that they were 4 of what the boxes contained and had acted in good faith in bringing 5 into Britain.This is the third time in six months that attempts have been made to smuggle 6 goods through customs by declaring them to be medical supplies. They are frequently 7 in special containers and awarning is given that they may be 8 if they are not handled with care.We are determined to put a 9 to this practice, said one of the customs officers today. There is no way these people are going to get away 10 this any longer. We have the full cooperation of the International Police who are as anxious as we are to track down the main source of supply.

1.[A] what [B] where [C] although [D] when
2.[A] well constructed[B] welldesigned[C] wellcomposed[D] wellorganized
3.[A] but [B] so [C] because [D] as
4.[A] unconscious[B] unaware[C] unfamiliar [D] unknown
5.[A] all [B] it [C] them [D] such
6.[A] immoral [B] criminal [C] illegal [D] irregular
7.[A] parked [B] picked [C] passed [D] packed
8.[A] harmed [B] injured [C] damaged [D] hurt
9.[A] stop [B] hold [C] stay [D] step
10.[A] off [B] in [C] for [D] with

解题思路

1.答案为A项。从语法结构看,空缺处的词和它后面的其他部分一起充当动词suspect的宾语,在这个宾语从句中,空缺里的词仍然充当宾语,因此,要选择连接代词what,如:Don't put off till tomorrow what you can do today.(“今天能干的事情不要推动明天”或“今天事今天做”)。连接代词what在引导的名词从句中可以充当主语、宾语、介词宾语、主语补语。B项的where和D项的when都是连接副词,在所引导的句中只能作状语,分别表示地点和时间,例如:where I go is none of your business.(我去哪与你没关系)He did not say when he would return,but I presume he will be back for dinner.(他没说什么时候回来,但我想他会回来吃晚餐的)。至于选项C,早就应该排除,although作连词只能引导状语从句而不能引导宾语从句。

2.答案为D项。该题必须从语义上加以判断。句子中被修饰的名词是international group,是一个组织。construct是“建造、构筑”,可以说“a wellconstructed building”,但不能修饰group; design为“设计、计划”,可以是“a welldesigned building or dress”等,也不能修饰人;compose表示“组成、构成”,所带的宾语也只能是物,而不是人,如:a piece of wellcomposed music.只有 organize 一词既可接人又可接物作其宾语,a wellorganized international group是“一个组织良好的国际团伙”。

3.答案为A项。该题考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的判断。前半句提到“有四个人在机场被逮捕且接受审讯”,按常理讲,这被逮捕的四个人肯定是“大鱼”,可下半句却是“it is unlikely that they are the organizers”,前后两个句子之间的关系非常明显,存在着转折逻辑关系,因此,选择but。其他三个选项均表示因果逻辑关系,与原文语义不相符,故全部排除。

4.答案为B项。尽管四个选择项都是形容词,但从结构上一看便知只有A项和B项符合,因为unconscious 和unaware能跟介词“of”搭配, unfamilar可以接to或with; unknown只能接 to。从意义上讲, be unconscious of表示“没意识到的(一般指内心所没意识到的),如 He was unconscious of his mistake (他没意识到自己的错);be unaware of是“不知道的,没觉察到的”,一般用于感官可及的外界事物,如: He is unaware of the dangers of cigarette smoking.(他没意识到抽烟的危害)。因此,无论从意义上还是语法结构上看,B项都符合该句的要求。

5.答案为C项。该题属于指代关系的判断,略读原文我们便知那四个人“unaware of what the boxes contained”,他是受人之托把 “them”带到了英国,这里的“ them”肯定是指 boxes,换言之,空缺处要求填的代词应该是指 boxes。虽然四个选项都是代词,但all 指的是所有的人或物;it 是单数;such更多是作为限定词或与 as一起出现在句子里;而该句中上下文里明确指的就是那四个箱子,故选them。

6.答案为C项。该题属于词义辨析。immoral 是“不道德的”,criminal是“有罪的、犯罪的”,我们可以说“immoral action”或“ criminal action”,但要说“ immoral goods”或“ criminal goods ”显然不妥。irregular是“不规则,不整齐的”,也不符合句意。文章一开始便交待这个国际团伙走私的是毒品,而毒品正是世界上各国视为违法的商品,因而贩毒组织往往把毒品冒充其他商品通过海关走私, illegal是“非法的、不合法律的”,正好符合语意。

7.答案为D项。该题属于词形相近、而词义不同的词汇辨异题。park 作为动词讲是指:“停放(车辆)”;pick是“采集、选择”; pass 为“经过;行进”;pack则为“包装,挤满;把…装箱”,如:The trains are packed with holidaymakers.(火车上挤满了度假的人) Pack your books in this box.(把你的书装入这只箱子)。原文该句的意思是“这些违法的毒品经常用特殊的箱子包装”,因此,选用packed。

8.答案为C项。该题考查考生对这组近义词的辨异能力。harm 的含义侧重于“损害,伤害”,可指精神或肉体的伤害,程度较轻,如:Don't harm your eyes by reading in dim light.(不要在暗淡的灯光下看书而伤害了眼睛);injure指“损害,受伤”,着重容貌、机能的损坏,例如: She was injured badly in the accident.(事故中她受了伤);damage意为“破坏,损坏”,如: Hundreds of houses were damaged by the storm.(暴风雨毁坏了数百家房屋);hurt指“伤害;刺痛”,尤指在精神或肉体上的伤害,含有强烈的疼痛,例如:No feelings were hurt though the criticism was sharp.(批评虽然尖锐,却未伤感情)。文中原句句意是:如果不小心搬运,就有可能弄坏这些东西,故从词义上看,只有选项C最能表达此义。

9.答案为A项。该题属于词语搭配现象,put a stop to sth.是表示“使某事停下来或者结束某事”,实际上就是“ stop sth.”或“ make an end of sth.”例如:Let's put a stop to this dispute and discuss the problem rationally.(别再争吵了,让我们大 家理智地讨论这一问题吧)。其他三个选择项都不能同put构成词组。

10.答案为D项。本题仍是考查考生对词组搭配知识的掌握,四个选择的介词能与get away搭配的只有D项,get away表示“避开(责备、惩罚或灾祸)而能顺利行事”,例如:Those who lie and cheat will never get away with it.(那些撒谎和欺骗别人的人决不会逃过惩罚)The colonialists could never get away with the innumerable crimes they had committed against the oppressed people. (殖民主义者对被压迫人民犯下了无数罪行,是绝对逃脱不了惩罚的)。其他三个介词都不与get away搭配。

Sample 5.
The United States is wellknown for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time. 1 these wide modern roads are generally smooth and well maintained, with few sharp curves and many straight 2 ,a direct route is not always the most 3 one. Large highways often pass by scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore, these highways generally 4 large urban centre which means that they become crowded with heavy traffic during rush hours, 5 the“fast, direct”way becomes a very slow route.

However there is 6 always another route to take if you are not in a hurry.Not far from the 7 new“superhighways”, there are often older, less heavily travelled roads which go through the countryside.Some of these are good twolaneroads; others are uneven roads 8 through the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along high 9 ,or down frightening hillsides to towns lying in deep valleys. Through these less direct routes, longer and slower, they generally go to places 10 the air is clean and the scenery is beautiful,and the driver may have a chance to get a fresh,clean view of the world.

1.[A] Although [B] Since [C] Because [D] Therefore
2.[A] selections [B] separations[C] series [D] sections
3.[A] terrible [B] possible [C] enjoyable [D] profitable
4.[A] lead [B] connect [C] collect [D] communicate
5.[A] when [B] for [C] but [D] that
6.[A] yet [B] still [C] almost [D] quite
7.[A] relatively [B] regularly [C] respectively[D] reasonably
8.[A] driving [B] crossing [C] curving [D] travelling
9.[A] rocks [B] cliffs [C] roads [D] paths
10.[A] there [B] when [C] which [D] where

解题思路

1.答案为A项。从上下文的逻辑关系来看,应该是一个转折关系,上句是“these wide modern roads are generally smooth and well maintained…”,下句便是“a direct route is not always the most…”,显然,主句与从句的内容相驳,故选although。B项与C项都表示原因的逻辑关系,而其后的主句“a direct route is…”并不明显地表示结果。D项表示结果,该词应该放在表示结果的分句之前,不能在没有任何表示原因的情况下句子开头就用之表示结果。

2.答案为D项。从上文中我们得知:这些宽阔的现代公路都非常平整,保养良好,很少有急转弯。由此,我们可以判断section 符合上下文意义。section表示“路段,路面,部分”,例如:the northern section of the route(路的北段); seclection是指“挑选;挑选的东西”,如: The blue hat was her husband's selection.(蓝帽子是她丈夫挑的),The shop offered a very good selection of hats.(这家店的帽子式样很多);separation表示“分离,分开”,如: He was unhappy because of his separation from his mother. (他因为与母亲分离而不快);series是“系列;连续的事物”,如:a television series(电视系列片) a series of good harvests(连年的好收成)。前三项词义与题义不符,故排除。

3.答案为C项。从语法结构上看,四个选项都可以填入空缺处。但从上下文分析,前两项选择明显地不适合,因为文章一开始提到高速公路的一些优点,那么“直的路线”就不应该是“terrible”。同样,上文已经提到高速公路有许多直的路段这一事实,因此,也没必要再考虑直的路段是否“possible”。profitable意为“有利可图的,赢利的”,这里还看不出投资与收益的问题,因而也谈不上是否“profitable”。只有C项“enjoyable”最符合题意,作者的目的在于告诉我们:直的路线也并不总是那么令人愉快,事实上,作者接下去就具体谈到了愉快的原因。

4.答案为B项。此题属于词义辨析,原文句意是指“这些高速公路基本都连接大的城市中心”,根据句意,选择connect。lead表示引导,常用于下列情况:lead the way (带路),lead the world in the production of oil(在石油生产方面名列世界前茅),因此,不能说“高速公路引导大的城市中心”,这有些不太合适。collect意为“收集,收藏”,与本文句意毫无关系。communicate作及物动词用时表示“传达,传送”,用在该处也不合适。

5.答案为A项。此题是考查考生对句法结构的掌握,刚一看似乎是上下文的逻辑关系,仔细推敲会发现。原来该句是定语从句中又套个定语从句,空缺处的词是个表示时间的关系副词。其先行词是rush hours, 只有when能够引导这个非限制性定语从句。其他三个选择也比较容易排除。首先,for表示因果关系,但是前后两个句子之间显然不是这种逻辑关系,更不是转折关系,因此,也排除but;D项的 that可以作为连接代词引导名词性从句或作为关系代词引导限制性定语从句,且在从句中不能作状语,故也不可能用在该空缺处。

6.答案为C项。该题可以从逻辑关系及搭配角度来判断。虽然四个选项都是副词,但是能与always 搭配用的只有almost,例如:He is almost always late.(他几乎总迟到)。yet表示转折,如果用在此处势必与 however的意义重复;still与 quite又与 always不搭配,为此,只有选择C项。

7.答案为A项。此题从词义及词形上考查考生的能力。四个选择项都是副词,A项的relatively意为“相对地,比较地”,例如:Today is a relatively fine day for the time of year.(今天算得上是这个季节里晴朗的一天);B项的regularly是“有规律地,均匀地”;C项

espectively指“各自地,分别地”,如:The first and second prizes went to Mary and Tom respectively.(玛丽和汤姆分别得头奖和二奖)Mary and her sister were respectively 12 and 15 years old.(玛丽12岁,她姐姐15岁);D项reasonably则表示“合理地;相当”,如:The car is in reasonably good order.(这车相当好)。了解了这些词义之后,再联系下文的“there are often older,less heavily travelled roads which go through the countryside.”我们不难看出,只有relatively用在此处最恰当,因此 ,答案选择A项。

8.答案为B项。虽然四个选择从语法结构角度讲都可以填入空缺处,但从逻辑意义上分析则不然。A项driving 的主语往往是一个产生动作的人或物,显然此处的driving the roads讲不通;curving从意义上讲得通,但 curve一般与 round或 around 连用;travelling此处与 driving相似,表示的也是一个动作,我们可以说“The good news travelled quickly.”(喜讯迅速传开),但 travel 与road搭配不妥;只有 cross经常与 through搭配,表示“通过”。

9.答案为B项。从上文语意来看,此处描写的是山区的公路,上句提到“These secondary routes may go up steep slopes”(这些次要公路上陡坡很多),下句的“ or down… hillsides…”都给我们提供了关键词,那就是“ steep slopes”与“ deep valleys ”,从中我们可以判断出空缺处的词是对前半句的补充说明,既然路向上延伸到陡峭的山坡,与悬崖cliff相伴的也就顺理成章了。A项的route根本可以不予考虑;选项C词义相近,在意义都跟前半句提到的route相似,均可以排除。

10.答案为D项。从语法结构来看空缺处的词必须是连接前后两个句子,那么首先可以排除A项,因为there 不能起任何连接词的作用。其他三个选项或关系代词或是关系副词,在句子中引导一个定语从句,其先行词是places,表示地点,因而只能选择关系副词 where,在定语从词中,where仍然作地点状语。when尽管也是关系副词,在定语从句中只作时间状语;而关系代词 which在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

Sample 6. Do some FL (Foreign Language) reading every day and try to finish one FL book at least every week. You are no doubt 1 ?with little spare time, and this may sound unrealistic.But if you read in the 2 described, it is perfectly possible. The key is to be honest with yourself about 3 you really enjoy: thrillers, women's magazines, newspapers-it really doesn't matter what you read as 4 as it genuinely interests you, because that is the only certain way to make yourself read. It is 5 to reach good speeds by practising on material that is difficult or dull.

If you pursue this program for only few months, you should achieve a very marked incerase in your reading 6 . What you do with your FL reading skill when you have developed it is to study for a further qualification. The 7 is that in order to develop the 8 ,a great deal of practice on easy interesting materials is essential. If you can 9 this to yourself by developing your own reading skill by this method, your teaching will carry the certainty that comes only from 10 .

1.[A] bored [B] helpless [C] free [D] busy
2.[A] key [B] problem [C] way [D] job
3.[A] which [B] when [C] who [D] what
4.[A] much [B] good [C] long [D] well
5.[A] impossible[B] possible [C] necessary[D] easy
6.[A] efficiency[B] effects [C] method [D] capacity
7.[A] question [B] point [C] idea [D] problem
8.[A] habit [B] idea [C] skill [D] task
9.[A] realize [B] tell [C] improve [D] prove
10.[A] work [B] experience [C] theory [D] doing

解题思路

1.答案为D项。从语法结构看,四个备选答案均可填入此处,但从上文“to finish one book at least every week”和下文“with little spare time”来分析,正确答案只有 busy,因为“ with little spare time”是前一分句“ You are no doubt busy”的结果,这样才前后呼应,符合上下文语义。其他三个选择项都不合适。

2.答案为C项。从句意及搭配来判断,答案只有way, 因为作者在下文描述的是如何做到能在一周内读完一本外文书,即“读你真正喜欢的东西”,文章中“in the way described”起状语作用,说明以什么方式进行阅读。其他三项与句意均不相符。

3.答案为D项。首先可以排除B项,因为它只是一个副词,在句子中充当状语,而空格中的词在句子中作宾语。which, who 和what都是代词,但从语法结构来分析,填入此处的词必须符合两个条件,既能引导一个从句一起充当介词 about的宾语,又能在从句中充当enjoy的宾语,这三项都符合第一个条件,但对第二个条件,只有 what符合,故选D项。

4.答案为C项。从语法结构及搭配知识方面判断,四个选项都可以与as…as搭配。但是阅读整个句子,我们发现as…as结构的前后两部分里并没有什么可比较的内容,因此排除A、B两项,他们与as…as连用只表示“用…一样多”及“同…一样好”。as well as 表示“也,又”,如:“I bought a map of the world as well as some picture books.(我买了几本连环画,还买了一张世界地图)但是这一词组连接的只能是词或词组,不能连接从句,故也排除,最后只剩D项,as long as意为“只要;在…的情况下”,例如:This project can go on as long as it is not raining.(只要不下雨,工程就可以继续进行。)

5.答案为A项。从语意及常识判断,impossible是正确答案,因为要提高速度,不能靠通过练习难度大或枯燥无味的阅读材料 (by practising on material that is difficult or dull),我们知道当阅读材料有难度时,必须花相当一部分时间查阅词典,无疑这样会影响速度,而乏味的材料会令读者兴趣索然,因此,就不可能通过这种方法达到较快的阅读速度。那么,其他三项也就可以逐一排除。

6.答案为A项。四个选择项似乎都可以,可从短文的内容上分析,第一段主要讲了提高阅读速度的方法:“阅读自己真正感兴趣而难度又不大的东西。如果这样坚持几个月,你的阅读速度肯定能得到显著提高。”提高了阅读速度,也就提高了阅读效率,因此,offieiency用在此处最符合上下文语义。

7.答案为B项。该题也是测试考生对词义及上下文语义的理解。上文讲“what you do with your FL reading skill…is to study for a further qualification”,而接下去提出了发展这种阅读技巧的要点所在,因此选B项,point 在该处的意思是“the idea that is most essential”(要点)。作者接下去并没有指出发展外语阅读技巧所存在的问题,所以 question与 problem均不符合原意。

8.答案为C项。从词义上分析,能与develop搭配用的词只有idea和skill。 develop the idea 意为“展开思想”,但从上下文我们得知,作者并不是要展开他的思想,而是指发展阅读技巧,关于这一点,如果读者细心,在上一句的“what you do with your FL reading skill…”就可以找到答案。能与habit 搭配的动词有cultivate, form, acquire等。同样,可以说fulfil the task, 但不能说develop the tark,因此排除A、D两项。

9.答案为D项。从语法结构来看,四个答案中,有两项不可以,realize 和improve后面不能跟to yourself作为动作的对象;tell后面可以跟to构成“tell sth. to sb.”这一结构,但从意义上讲,此处的this指的是上文的point,这样,“对自己说这一要点就太牵强”。作者在此处是提示读者,如果按照他提出的这些方法进行阅读,就会证明他所叙述的都是事实,prove用于该处既符合语法结构,又符合语义,不愧为最佳答案。

10.答案为B项。根据常识知识及实践经验也可以做出判断,常言道:“实践出真知”,更何况在该段落中作者已交待过“The point is that in order to develop the skill, a great deal of practice on easy interesting materials is essential.”在这里,作者强调了实践。我们知道,阅读容易而有趣的材料能发展阅读技巧,但这种阅读技巧的获得需要大量的练习。如果你能证明这一方法的重要性的话,你在教学中也会具有这种必然的活动,这种东西当然不可能来自理论,应该是来自实践经验,故选择experiece.

Sample 7.
Cheques have 1 replaced money as a means of exchange, for they are widely 2 everywhere.Though this is very convenient for both buyer and seller, it should not be forgotten that cheques are not real money: they are quite valueless in themselves. A shopkeeper always runs a certain 3 when he takes a cheque and he is quite within his rights if, on occasion, he refuses to do so.

People do not always know this and are shocked if their good is 4 in question. An old and very wealthy friend of mine told me he had an extremely unpleasant experience. He went to a famous jewellery shop which keeps a large 5 of precious stones and asked to be shown some pearl necklaces. After 6 several necklaces, he decided to buy a particularly fine string of pearls and asked if he could pay by cheque. The assistant said that this was quite all right,but the 7 my friend signed his name,he was invited into the manager's office.

The manager was very polite, but be explained that someone with exactly the same name had presented them with a worthless cheque not long ago. My friend got very angry when he heard this and said he would buy a necklace somewhere else. When he got up to go, the manager told him that the police would arrive at any moment and he had better stay unless he wanted to get into serious trouble. Sure enough, the police arrived soon afterwards. They apologized to my friend for the 8 , but explained that a person who had used the same name as his was 9 for a number of recent robberies. Then the police asked my friend to copy out a note which had been used by the thief in a number of shops. The note read:“I have a gun in my pocket. Ask no questions and give me all the money in the safe”. Fortunately, my friend's handwriting was quite unlike the robber's. He was not only 10 to go without further delay, but to take the string of pearls with him.

1.[A] exactly [B] really [C] largely [D] thoroughly
2.[A] circulated [B] accepted [C] approved [D] possessed
3.[A] danger [B] chance [C] risk [D] opportunity
4.[A] called [B] asked [C] challenged [D] placed
5.[A] amount [B] stock [C] counter [D] store
6.[A] investigating[B] discovering[C] choosing [D] examining
7.[A] cheque [B] tome [C] pen [D] moment
8.[A] treatment [B] manner [C] inconvenience[D] behaviour
9.[A] questionable [B] doubtful [C] possible [D] responsible
10.[A] ordered [B] allowed [C] forced [D] agreed

解题思路

1.答案为C项。此题考查考生对词义及语义的掌握情况。从语法结构和词语搭配上看,四个选择都可填入空白处,经过认真阅读上下文,我们做出正确判断。首先,支票不可能thoroughly(完全地、彻底地)取代现金作为支付手段,因为第一段最后一句说“ A shopkeeper… when he takes a cheque and… on occasion, he refuses to do so”(店主…必要时可拒收支票);再者,在第二段中,作者的朋友在选中项链后问售货员是否可以支付支票,这些都说明支票尚未完全取代现金。另外,exactly和 really与上下文也不吻合。 只有largely(在很大程度上)符合题意,且在下文的“for they are widely…”也证明了这一点。

2.答案为B项。该题仍属于词义辨异。circulate 意为“传播、散布、流通”,但根据上下文我们看不出支票可以作为货币广泛流通,更不可能人人都拥有(possess)支票;至于approve显然不符合上下文,因为逻辑上就讲不通。只有B项accepted无论从结构还是意义上都说得过去,该句说明:由于各地普遍收支票,因此它已在很大程度上代替货币作为一 种支付手段。

3.答案为C项。本题属于词语搭配,run a risk表示“冒风险”,例如:I am afraid you are running a risk setting sail in such storm weather.(挑上这么个暴风雨的天气出航,你恐怕太冒险了吧);与danger搭配的动词主要有 avoid, face, constitute 等;与chance搭配的动词常有“miss a chance”(错过机会),risk a chance”(冒一次险),“take one's chance”(碰运气);与opportunity搭配的动词主要有 afford, offer,catch, take等。

4.答案为A项。本题属于词语搭配,call in question 表示“怀疑,不相信”,如:Several people called in question the truth of his story.(有几个对他所讲的故事的真实性表示怀疑)His honesty has been called in question.(他的诚实值得怀疑)ask, challenge 和place都不与 in question搭配,因此,只能选择A项,短文本句的意思是“…如果有人对他们的诚实表示怀疑…”。

5.答案为B项。根据词语搭配情况,首先可以把A项排除,因为空缺后所修饰的词stones 是可数名词,而an amount of只修饰不可数名词; counter 尽管具有迷惑性,但它不作修饰名词的数量用;store是“贮藏,储存”,例如“Mother has a store of vegetables in the freezer.(母亲在冰箱里存放了蔬菜),但是,如果是 keep a store 会使人理解为“开一家商店”,因此,也不符合原文题意。只有B项stock, 在keep a stock of中表示“备有…现货”,用在空缺处比较合适。此外, out of stock 表示“缺货”, in stock意为“存有货物”;take stock of 是“盘货,清点存货”。

6.答案为D项。根据下文语意,选中examining, examine 释义为“look at carefully in order to learn about”。investigate是“调查,审查”的意思,用在此处不当,可以说to investigate a crime (调查犯罪案件)或 to investigate the causes of an accident(调查事故的原因), 可不能说“调查项链”。discover 也明显是为了凑数,可不考虑。choose意为“挑选,选中”,强调“决定要买”,如果选 choose就会与下句“he decided to buy a particular fine string of pearls…”相矛盾。只有D项符合下文语意。

7.答案为D项。but 后的两个句子是主句与分句的关系,显然,它们之间缺少一个连接词,使两个句子有机地连在一起,moment 正好能起到这个作用,the moment 相当于“as soon as”,例如:We hadn't met for 30 years, but I recognized him the moment I saw him.(我们已经30年没见面了,但我一看见他就认出他了)the moment 相当于一个连词,表示时间。原文本句的句意是“…但我朋友刚刚在支票上把名字签好,就被售货员请到了经理办公室”,其他三个选择项都不符合这种要求。

8.答案为C项。本题属于词义与语义辨析。文章中谈到经理没让作者的朋友离开,并叫来了警察。但从:The manager was very polite…”又排除了A、B和D项,因为这三个选择强调的都是待人的方式或态度。inconvenience 比较符合原文语意,它意为“instance of discomfort or trouble”,与原文很贴切,说明“他们为给我朋友带来了不便而道歉。”

9.答案为D项。本题属于词语搭配,be responsible for sth. 表示“对某事负责或有责任”,如:Don't blame me for the mistake; I'm not responsible for it.(对于这一错误你不要责备我,我对此毫无责任),D项比较符合原文语义。possible在作表语时,只能用在It's possible that…句型中,不能用人来作主语,因此排除。questionable 与doubtful不只在上下文语境不通,结构也不通,故全部排除。

10.答案为B项。从结构上来判断可以排除D项,不可以使用“sb. is agreed to do sth.”这种结构。其余三项语法结构均正确,但从上下文语义看,既然作者朋友的笔迹与强盗的笔迹相异,那么警察就应当允许他马上离开,而不可能“命令”或“强迫”,A项与C项显然不合逻辑。

Sample 8

When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as radio commentators were able to be effective on television. Some of the difficulties they experienced when they were trying to 1 themselves to the new medium were technical. When working on radio, for example, they had become 2 to seeing on behalf of the listener. This 3 of seeing for others means that the commentator has to be very good at talking. Above all, he has to be able to 4 a continuous sequence of visual images which 5 meaning to the sounds which the listener hears. In the 6 of television, however,the commentator sees everything with the viewer. His role, therefore, is completely different. He is there to make 7 that the viewer does not miss some point of interest,to help him focus on particular things, and to 8 the images on the television screen. Unlike his radio colleague, he must know the 9 of silence and how to use it at those moments 10 the pictures speak for themselves.(91年考题)

1.[A] turn [B] adapt [C] alter [D] modify
2.[A] experienced[B] determined[C] established[D] accustomed
3.[A] efficiency [B] technology[C] art [D] performance
4.[A] inspire [B] create [C] cause [D] perceive
5.[A] add [B] apply [C] affect [D] reflect
6.[A] occasion [B] event [C] fact [D] case
7.[A] definite [B] possible [C] sure [D] clear
8.[A] exhibit [B] demonstrate[C] expose[D] interpret
9.[A] purpose [B] goal [C] value [D] intention
10.[A] if [B] when [C] which [D] as

解题思路

1.答案为B项。根据语义及搭配结构选择adapt。 adapt(oneself) to 表示“适应,使自己适合某种情况”,例如:She found it difficult to adapt herself to her new surroundings.(她感到难于适应她周围的新环境),又如: Your treatment of the subject should be adapted to your audience. (你对这个题目的阐述应该适应听众的需要)文章的第一句就告诉我们:当电视刚刚开始发展时,那些有名的电台播音员中几乎没有几个能够在电视上应付自如。这说明从电台播音到电视这一新形式需要一般适应过程,无疑,adapt是正确答案。

2.答案为D项。本题考查考生对词语搭配情况的掌握,“be/become accustomed to sth./doing sth.”是习语搭配,表示“习惯于…”,to为介词,后接名词或动名词,如:As we had been brought up in the country, we were accustomed to walking long distances.(由于我们在乡间长大,我们习惯于走长路)。原文空格处又恰好是“to seeing…”,完全符合要求。此外,accustom 也可以用作及物动词,如:A good traveller can accustom himself to almost any kind of food.”(一个出色的旅行者几乎能习惯于任何一种食物),其他三个选项都不搭配。

3.答案为C项。本题属于词义判断,如果抓住句子的结构关系,问题也就迎刃而解了。空格后的介词“of”表示其前后关系是同位关系,即“seeing for others”,它与空格处所填入的名词表示同一个意思。例如:the game of cricket(板球比赛),the crime of larceny (盗窃罪),a charge of murder(控告谋杀)。短文中本句后半部提到播音员必须善于讲话,也就是说,在听众看不见的情况下谈话是一门技巧(art),因此,选择C项符合题意。某余三项词义与语义均不符。

4.答案为B项。首先必须判断哪一个选择项能与宾语imagies搭配。A项的inspire 是“鼓舞,激励”,常用在“inspire sb. with sth.”或“inspire sth.in sb.”结构中,如:“We inspire hope, enthusiasm, etc., in a person/ inspire him with hope,enthusiasm, etc.”(我们激起某人的希望、热情等等);cause常与trouble, accident, inconvenience 等名词连用;perceive 是察觉 =“become aware of ”,其后常接宾语或宾语从句。例如:The chef was able to perceive the most subtle seasoning used in any dish.(那位厨师能在任何菜中尝出极细微的调味品)。这三个动词都不与image 搭配,只有B项create(塑造,描绘) 可与之搭配用,此外还有change, form, improve 等等,同样可与image连用。

5.答案为A项。根据结构及语义作出的判断。从结构看,空白处的词必须是及物动词,能与宾语“meaning”搭配,用于“~ sth. to sth.”结构中。虽然四个选择项都是及物动词,但符合这个结构的只有前两项。从上下文语义上看,apply(适用于,运用)不合逻辑,而add 刚好切意,“add meaning to sounds”表示“使声音变得有意义,有趣味”,如:The lake adds much to the beauty of the landscape. (湖泊使风景增添秀色。) The dishonest milkman added water to his milk.(不诚实的售奶人把水掺到他出售的牛奶里。)

6.答案为D项。从结构上看只有B、D两项可与in the ~ of搭配,“in the case of”意为“就某人、某事来说;至于”,例如:Poverty depresses most people in the case of my father was otherwise.(贫穷使大多数人垂头丧气,至于我父亲,却不一样)。再如:Money talks. But in the case of me, it won't work.(钱能通神,可我却不吃这一套);“in the event of…”表示“如果发生什么事”,比如:in the event of his death/war(如果他死了/发生战争)这一习语往往被用作一种隐晦难懂的话来代替由if 引起的简单从句,例如:“the event of its raining来代替if it rains。从语义来看,case符合题意。A项的occasion 常与介词on或 at搭配;而C项 fact则常用于 in fact, as a matter of fact, in point of fact等短语中。

7.答案为C项。四个选择都是形容词,但只有sure 可与动词make作谓语,后接 that引导的宾语从句,make sure相当于 make certain ,本文表示“确保;保证”,例如:Before he left the room, he made sure that all the lights were turned off.(他确信所有的灯都关掉后才离开房间)To make sure that the letter was delivered to the adderssee, I registered it.(为了保证信能收到,我把它挂号寄了) make sure/ certain还可能指“查明;弄清楚”。其他三个选项尽管都可与 make搭配,但都不能引导that引导的宾语从句。

8.答案为D项。本题必须根据上文语义进行词汇辨析。exhibit 是“展览、展出”,英文释义为“to show publicly for pleasure, for sale. ”;demonstrate是“证明(通过示范);论证”;expose为“暴露,展示”,英语释义为“display, spread out so that there is no difficulty in seeing”;interpret 意为“解释;把…理解为”,英文为“to show the meaning of sth. in words or by performance ”。原文的意思是:“帮助观众解释屏幕上的画面”,因此,interpret符合此义,如I interpret your silence as consent.(我把你的沉默理解为同意)。

9.答案为C项。根据上下文语义作出的判断,“电视解说员应适当保持沉默,特别是当电视画面无须解说时。这就是沉默的价值(the value of silence)”。 purpose是“目的、意图”;goal为“目标、理解”,某种程度上与 purpose同义;intention是“意图,打算”;“沉默”既非“目标”,亦非“意图”,但它有它的用途或价值,value正合此义。

10.答案为B项。本题涉及语法结构知识,也测试考生对于上下文逻辑关系的判断。本句是个定语从句,其先行词为表示时间的介词短语at the moment, 在这种情况,能够引导一个定语从句并在从句中充当时间状语的只有关系副词when。因此,选择B项。如果选if,句意上前后没联系,即后面的条件并不产生前面的结果;关系代词 which在定语从句中不能作状语;as作连语本身就等于at the moment,故这三项都可排除。

    本站是提供个人知识管理的网络存储空间,所有内容均由用户发布,不代表本站观点。请注意甄别内容中的联系方式、诱导购买等信息,谨防诈骗。如发现有害或侵权内容,请点击一键举报。
    转藏 分享 献花(0

    0条评论

    发表

    请遵守用户 评论公约

    类似文章 更多