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【Concept 】 As the name implies , the material of stainless steel kitchenware ======================== 【Stainless steel】 The atmosphere and acid, alkali , salt and other corrosive media render passive , not rusty high chromium corrosion ( generally 12% to 30% ) alloy . Refers to the resistance of air, steam , water and other corrosive medium and weak acid, alkali, salt and other chemical etching medium corrosion of steel , also known as acid-resistant stainless steel Stainless steel is made of iron -chromium alloy and then mixed with some other trace elements made ??of. Due to its good performance metals and corrosion resistant than other metals , utensils made ??from beautiful and durable . Therefore, more and more being used to produce tableware , and gradually into general families. ======================== 【Stainless steel classification terms a conventional】 ---------------- 1 [ ferritic ] Chromium 12% to 30%. Its corrosion resistance, toughness and weldability with the chromium content increased with the increase resistance to chloride stress corrosion better than other types of stainless steel , fall into this category have Crl7, Cr17Mo2Ti, Cr25, Cr25Mo3Ti, Cr28 and so on. Because of the high chromium content , corrosion and oxidation resistance are relatively good, but poor mechanical properties and process performance , and more for large discontinuity acid structure and for the oxidation steel. Such steel can resist the atmosphere, nitric acid and aqueous salt corrosion and high temperature oxidation resistance , thermal expansion coefficient, etc. , for nitric acid and food factory equipment , but also can be made to work under high temperature parts, such as gas turbine parts, etc. . ---------------- 2 [ austenite ] More than 18% chromium , 8% also contains small amounts of nickel and molybdenum , titanium, nitrogen and other elements . Good overall performance, corrosion resistant variety of media . Austenitic stainless steels commonly used grades are 1Cr18Ni9, 0Cr19Ni9 so on. 0Cr19Ni9 steel Wc <0.08%, steel, marked " 0 ." Such steel contains large amounts of Ni and Cr, the steel austenitic state at room temperature was . These steels have good ductility, toughness , weldability, corrosion resistance and non-magnetic or weakly magnetic , in oxidizing and reducing media are good corrosion resistance , acid used to make equipment, such as containers and equipment corrosion linings, pipelines, nitric acid-resistant equipment parts, etc. , also can be used as the main material of stainless steel watches jewelry . Austenitic stainless steel commonly used solution treatment, about steel is heated to 1050 ~ 1150 ℃, then cooled or air-cooled , in order to obtain single- phase austenite . ---------------- 3 [ austenitic - ferritic duplex ] Both austenitic and ferritic stainless steel advantages, and has superplasticity. Austenitic and ferritic stainless steel of about half . In the case of low -containing C , Cr content of 18% ~ 28%, Ni content of 3% to 10%. Some steel further contains Mo, Cu, Si, Nb, Ti, N and other alloying elements. Both austenitic class steel and ferritic stainless steel features , compared with ferrite , plastic, higher toughness , brittle at room temperature , resistance to intergranular corrosion and welding performance are significantly improved, while maintaining iron ferritic stainless steel 475 ℃ brittleness and high thermal conductivity , with superplastic characteristics . Compared with the austenitic stainless steel , high strength and resistance to intergranular corrosion and chloride stress corrosion has significantly improved . Duplex stainless steel has excellent resistance to pitting corrosion , but also a section nickel stainless steel . ---------------- 4 [ martensitic ] High strength, but the ductility and weldability is poor. Martensitic stainless steel commonly used grades are 1Cr13, 3Cr13 , etc., because of the higher carbon content , it has a high strength, hardness and wear resistance, corrosion resistance , but somewhat less for higher mechanical properties , corrosion resistance requirements General Some parts , such as springs, turbine blades, hydraulic valve. Such steel is quenched and tempered after use . Forging, stamping required after annealing . ---------------- 5 [ precipitation hardening type] Austenitic or martensitic matrix organization , precipitation hardening stainless steels commonly used grades are 04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al so on. Through its precipitation hardening ( also known as age-hardening ) process to make it hard ( strong ) of stainless steel . ======================== 【Stainless steel grade grouping classification terminology 2 】 Components can be divided
Cr system ( 400 series ) / Cr-Ni system ( 300 series ) / Cr-Mn-Ni (200 series ) / heat-resistant chromium steel ( 500 series ) / precipitation hardening ( 600 series ) ---------------- 1 . [ 200 ] Chromium - manganese - nickel austenitic stainless steel ---------------- (2) [ 300 Series ] Chromium - nickel austenitic stainless steel 301 : ductile, for formed products. Can also be machined quickly harden. Good weldability. Abrasion resistance and fatigue strength than 304 stainless steel. 302 : 304 with corrosion resistance , due to relatively high carbon intensity and therefore better . 303 : by adding a small amount of sulfur and phosphorus to more than 304 cutting. 304 : Commonly used models in today's society , that is, 18 /8 stainless steel . GB grades 0Cr18Ni9. 309 : 304 better temperature resistance, temperature up to 980 ℃. 310 : excellent high temperature oxidation resistance , maximum temperature 1200 ℃. 316 : After 304, the second most widely used types of steel , mainly for the food industry, jewelry watches , the pharmaceutical industry and surgical equipment , adding Mo to obtain a special corrosion-resistant structure . Than the 304 because it has better resistance to chloride corrosion and thus as "marine steel" to use . SS316 is often used to fuel recovery . 18 / 10 stainless steel is usually in line with the application level . 321: In addition to adding titanium reduces the risk of corrosion of the weld material , other properties similar to 304 . 347 : Adding a stabilizing element niobium , suitable for welding aviation appliance parts and chemical equipment . ---------------- 3 . [ 400 Series ] Ferritic and martensitic stainless steel. 408: heat resistance, corrosion resistance is weak , 11% Cr, 8% of Ni. 409: The cheapest model ( Anglo-American ) , commonly used as automobile exhaust pipe, is a ferritic stainless steel ( chrome steel ) . 410: martensite ( high-strength chrome steel ) , good wear resistance , corrosion resistance is poor. 416: sulfur added to improve the processing properties of the material . 420: "Cutting Class " martensitic steel , similar to Brandt 's first high-chromium stainless steel this . Also used in surgical tools, can do very light. 430: ferritic stainless steel , decorative, such as for car accessories. Good formability , but heat resistance and corrosion resistance worse . 440: High-strength cutting tool steel, carbon is slightly higher , after appropriate heat treatment to obtain a higher yield strength and hardness up to 58HRC, are among the most hard stainless steel column. The most common application example is the " razor blades ." There are three commonly used models : 440A, 440B, 440C, addition to 440F ( easy processing ) . ---------------- 4 [ 500 Series ] Heat-resistant chromium alloy steel ---------------- 5 [ 600 Series ] Martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel. 630 : The most commonly used precipitation hardening stainless steel, commonly also called 17-4; 17% Cr, 4% Ni. ======================== 【Article is excerpted from: Web Search】 【Reserved Integrate / Just Reference】 【Translation is by The Network】 |
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