【日志应用程序块】实验4：创建和使用自定义跟踪监听器

昵称10504424 2014-02-13

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Lab 4: Create and Use a Custom Trace Listener 创建和使用自定义跟踪监听器

In this lab, you will build a custom Trace Listener to send formatted log entries to the Console standard output. You will then add this new Trace Listener to the EnoughPI application and monitor the log entries in real-time. 在这个实验中，你将会创建一个自定义的跟踪监听器来将格式化后的日志条目发送到控制台标准输出。之后你将会添加这个新的跟踪监听器到EnoughPI程序并实时监视日志条目。

To begin this exercise, open the EnoughPI.sln file located in the ex04\begin folder. 打开ex04\begin文件夹中的EnoughPI.sln文件来开始这个练习。

To create a custom Trace Listener 创建一个自定义跟踪监听器

Select the TraceListeners\ConsoleTraceListener.cs file in the Solution Explorer. Select the View | Code menu command. Add the following namespaces:在解决方案资源管理器中选中 TraceListeners\ConsoleTraceListener.cs文件，然后选择视图|代码菜单命令。添加下面的命名空间：

using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Common.Configuration;

using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging;

using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration;

using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.TraceListeners;

Add the following highlighted code to the ConsoleTraceListener class. 添加高亮的代码到ConsoleTraceListener类。

 1 [ConfigurationElementType(typeof(CustomTraceListenerData))]
 2 public class ConsoleTraceListener : CustomTraceListener
 3 {
 4     public ConsoleTraceListener()
 5         : base()
 6     {
 7     }
 8 
 9     public ConsoleTraceListener(string del)
10     {
11         this.Attributes["delimiter"] = del;
12     }
13 
14     public override void TraceData(TraceEventCache eventCache,
15         string source, TraceEventType eventType, int id, object data)
16     {
17         if (data is LogEntry && this.Formatter != null)
18         {
19             this.WriteLine(this.Formatter.Format(data as LogEntry));
20         }
21         else
22         {
23             this.WriteLine(data.ToString());
24         }
25     }
26 
27     public override void Write(string message)
28     {
29         Console.Write(message);
30     }
31 
32     public override void WriteLine(string message)
33     {
34         // Delimit each message
35         Console.WriteLine((string)this.Attributes["delimiter"]);
36         // Write formatted message
37         Console.WriteLine(message);
38     }
39 }

Note: The base class is CustomTraceListener, which mandates that you override two abstract methods: Write(string message) and WriteLine(string message). However, to format the message we need to override the TraceData method.

主意：基类是CustomTraceListener，其要求你重载两个抽象方法：Write(string message) 和 WriteLine(string message)。不过格式化消息我们还需要重载TraceData方法。

The ConsoleTraceListener is expecting a parameter, delimiter, as part of the listener configuration. ConsoleTraceListener类期望一个参数: delimiter,作为监听器配置的一部分。

Select the Build | Build Solution menu command, to compile the complete solution. 选择生成|生成解决方案菜单命令，来编译整个解决方案。

To use a custom Trace Listener 使用自定义的跟踪监听器

In EntryPoint.cs add your CustomTraceListener to your logging configuration in the BuildProgrammaticConfig method. 在EntryPoint.cs文件的方法BuildProgrammaticConfig中将你的自定义跟踪监听器添加到你的日志配置信息里。

 1 private static LoggingConfiguration BuildProgrammaticConfig() 
 2 { 
 3     // Formatter 
 4     TextFormatter formatter = new TextFormatter(@"Timestamp:     
 5     {timestamp(local)}{newline}Message: {message}{newline}Category:  
 6     {category}{newline}Priority: {priority}{newline}EventId:  
 7     {eventid}{newline}ActivityId: 
 8     {property(ActivityId)}{newline}Severity: 
 9     {severity}{newline}Title:{title}{newline}"); 
10 
11     // Trace Listeners 
12     var eventLog = new EventLog("Application", ".", "EnoughPI"); 
13     var eventLogTraceListener = new 
14         FormattedEventLogTraceListener(eventLog, formatter); 
15     var flatFileTraceListener = new 
16           FlatFileTraceListener( 
17              @"C:\Temp\trace.log", 
18              "----------------------------------------",  
19              "----------------------------------------",
20              formatter); 
21 
22     var customTraceListener =   
23        new EnoughPI.Logging.TraceListeners.ConsoleTraceListener( 
24            "-----------------------"); 
25 
26     // Build Configuration 
27     var config = new LoggingConfiguration(); 
28     config.AddLogSource( 
29         Category.General,  
30         SourceLevels.All,  
31         true).AddTraceListener(eventLogTraceListener); 
32     config.AddLogSource( 
33         Category.Trace,  
34         SourceLevels.ActivityTracing,  
35         true).AddTraceListener(flatFileTraceListener); 
36 
37     config.LogSources[Category.General].AddTraceListener( 
38         customTraceListener); 
39     config.IsTracingEnabled = true; 
40 
41     return config; 
42 }

Because the LogSource named Category.General already exists, you can add another trace listener to it by referencing the LogSource by name, as above. 因为叫做Category.General 的LogSource已经存在，所以你可以通过引用LogSource的名字来添加另一个跟踪监听器到其中，如上面代码所示。

Note: You will remember your ConsoleTraceListener is expecting a parameter named delimiter, which is printed before each formatted log entry is written to the console.

注意：你还记得你的ConsoleTraceListener需要一个名为delimiter的参数，它将在在每个日志条目被输出到控制台之前打印出来。

Set the Formatter tothe Text Formatter you created earlier. 设置格式器为你早先创建过的Text Formatter。

 1 private static LoggingConfiguration BuildProgrammaticConfig() 
 2 { 
 3     // Formatter 
 4     TextFormatter formatter = new TextFormatter(@"Timestamp: 
 5         {timestamp(local)}{newline}Message: {message}{newline}Category: 
 6         {category}{newline}Priority: {priority}{newline}EventId: 
 7         {eventid}{newline}ActivityId: {property(ActivityId)}{newline}Severity: 
 8         {severity}{newline}Title:{title}{newline}"); 
 9  
10     // Trace Listeners 
11     var eventLog = new EventLog("Application", ".", "EnoughPI"); 
12     var eventLogTraceListener =  
13         new FormattedEventLogTraceListener(eventLog, formatter); 
14     var flatFileTraceListener =  
15         new FlatFileTraceListener( 
16            @"C:\Temp\trace.log", 
17            "----------------------------------------", 
18            "----------------------------------------",  
19            formatter); 
20     var customTraceListener =   
21         new EnoughPI.Logging.TraceListeners.ConsoleTraceListener( 
22             "----------------------"); 
23     customTraceListener.Formatter = formatter; 
24  
25    // Build Configuration 
26    var config = new LoggingConfiguration(); 
27    config.AddLogSource( 
28        Category.General, 
29        SourceLevels.All,          
30        true).AddTraceListener(eventLogTraceListener); 
31    config.AddLogSource( 
32        Category.Trace,  
33        SourceLevels.ActivityTracing,  
34        true).AddTraceListener(flatFileTraceListener); 
35    config.LogSources[Category.General].AddTraceListener( 
36     customTraceListener); 
37              
38  
39    config.IsTracingEnabled = true; 
40  
41    return config; 
42 }