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1.to make known by name for the first time 介绍 2.to bring in for the first time 引进 introduction n. introduction n. 1. the act of introducing 介绍, 引导, 倡导 2. a written or spoken explanation at the beginning of a book or speech 引导, 开场白 invite v. 1.to ask (sb.) to a social; occasion 邀请, 招待所 2.to ask for encourage (invites, invited, inviting, invitation) . invitation n. 1.a written request to go somewhere or to do sth. 2.the act of inviting 请柬, 邀请 iron n. 1. a kind of metal 铁 2. heavy flat-bottomed object used for making clothing and cloth smooth 熨斗 3.of great strength 刚强的意志 vt. to make (clothes) smooth with an iron 熨平，烫平 ironing board 熨衣板 irrigate v. to supply water to (dry land) 灌溉 (irrigates, irrigated, irrigating, irrigation) irrigation n. 灌溉 island n. A piece of land surrounded by water 岛，岛屿 traffic island (safety island) 安全岛，安全地区（用于行人过马路避车用） syn. isle n. （文学用语）岛，小岛 islander n. People who live on an island 岛民 it pron. (used as subject or object) 它（用作主格，宾格） 1.作形式主语；2.指代时间、天气、距离；3.用于强调句式; 4.用于形式宾语] its pron. (possessive form of "it") of that thing, animal, etc., already mentioned 它的 itself pron. 它自己，它本身（反身代词或用于加强语气） jacket n. a short coat with sleeves 上衣 jam n. fruit boiled and preserved in sugar and used esp. for spreading on bread 果酱（不可数） jelly果冻 January n. (Jan. , Januarys )the first month of the year 一月;正月 Japan n. 日本。 Japanese adj. 日本的，日本人的n. 日语，日本人 jar n. a short-necked wide-mouthed pot made of glass, store, clay, etc. 罐子，坛子 jazz n. music originated by black Americans 爵士音乐 jewellery n. jewels (总称) 首都. 珠宝（不可数） jewel n. 宝石（可数），jeweller n. 珠宝商 jewelry job n. 1. regular paid employment 工作，职业 2. a piece of work 活计 syn. work, labour, task, occupation profession join v. 1. to come or bring together; connect(with)连接，接合 2. to take part together with 和……一起做同样的事,参加,加入 join in 参加(活动) join the army 参军 join the club 加入俱乐部 join up 联合(连接)起来 syn. take part in, attend joke n. anything said or done to cause laughter or amusement笑话，玩笑； v. to tell jokes 开玩笑，说笑话。 a joke, joked, joking, jokingly, joker joke with(about), no joke, play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑。 journalist n. a person whose profession is journalism 新闻工作者，新闻记者。 journalists, journalism 新闻业 journal (可数名词) 期刊, 杂志 journey n. a trip of some distance, usu. by land 旅行, 旅程 (常指陆上的; 长途的) a journey, journeys syn. travel (泛指旅行. 游历, 尤指国外旅行, 无"路程"之义); trip (短期或短程旅行, 常可替换"journey"或voyage); tour (观光旅行); excursion (群体性的娱乐旅性); voyage (海上旅行) go on a journey; wake a journey to joy n. great happiness 高兴，快乐 joyful, joyfully, joyless, joyfulness syn. happiness, pleasure to one's joy 使人高兴的是 judge v. 1. to from or give an opinion about 评判，判断 2. to act as a judge(in) 审判, 判决 n. 1. a public official who has the power to decide questions brought before a court of law 法官,审判员 2. a person who has the right or knowledge and experience to make a sound decision 裁判，鉴常家 a judge, judges, judging, judged judgement n. an official decision given by a judge or a court of law 判决 judgment, see "judge" syn. decision, determination ant. misjudgment juice n. the liquid part of fruit, vegetables, and meat (果. 蔬菜. 肉等的)汁, 液 juicy adj. having a lot of juice 多汁的 junior adj. & n. 1. younger较年幼的，年少的 2. of /over rank or position 下级的，职位低的 syn. smaller, lover, secondary ant. senior, superior July n. the seventh month of the year 七月 jump v. to push oneself into the air by the force of one's legs; spring 跳,跳跃 syn. hop, spring, leap, skip june n. the sixth month of the year 六月 just adv. 1. exactly at that time or please; exactly 正好，恰恰是 2. almost not, hardly 刚刚，差点不 3. only仅仅 just as 正如, 恰恰 just now 刚才(常用于一般过去时) just then 正在那时 only just 容易才…; 勉强 just about 几乎, 差不多 just 常用于现在完成时, just now常用于过去时态。 justice n. 1. the quality of being just; rightness, fairness正义，公正，公平，合理 2. a judge (美)法官 a justice, justices, justly do justice to someone, do someone justice 公平或公正对待某人 kangaroo n. an Australian animal which jumps along on its large back legs and which carries its young in a special pocket of flesh袋鼠 keep v. 1. to have without the need of returning 保留; 保有 2. to have for some time or for more time (暂时)保管; 有效 3. v.+ ing: to (cause to) stay, remain, or continue(使)保持;(使)持续(某一状态) 4. to take care of and provide with food, money, etc. 照顾;供养 5. to own 经营;饲养 6. to hold back, prevent 耽误; 阻止 kept, keeping, keeps [-s] keep a record: to make regular written notes of 作记录 keep back: not to tell or give 隐瞒; 保留 keep fit: to remain healthy keep in touch with: to continue connecting with keep off: to be away from keep on doing sth. to continue doing sth. keep one's balance: to cause to remain in an equal or proper state 保持平衡 keep one's promise: to fulfil what one claims 履行诺言 keep up: 1. to keep in good condition 保持 2. to continue 继续 keep alive: to remain alive 活下来,继续活着 keep away: not to go closer 避开,不接近 keep one's word: keep one's promise 守信用 keep up with: 跟上,不落后于 keeper n. a person who guards, protects, or look after 看守人，看护员，管理员 door keeper 看门人，门房；shopkeeper 店主，店东 key n. 1. an instrument to lock or unlock a door, start or stop a car engine, etc.钥匙 2. (与to连用)something that explains, answers, or helps you to understand 解答,答案 key figure n. an important person 关键人物 keyboard n. a row of keys on a musical instrument or machine 键盘 kg =kilogram(me) n. 1,000 grams 千克，公斤 kick n.&v. To hit with the foot or an act of kicking 踢 kill v. To cause to die 杀死，毁掉（一般意义“使死亡”） killer 杀手，凶手 syn. murder 故意杀人；slaughter, butcher 屠宰，屠杀，滥杀无辜 kilo n. kilogram or kilometer 公斤，千克，公里，千米 kilometre n. (kilometer Am.E) 1,000 meters 公里，千米 kind adj. & n. 1. a group; type; sort 种; 类; 属 2. interested in the happiness or feelings of others 友好的，和善的 kind, kindness, kind-hearted adj.仁慈的 syn. Sort a kind of 一种的 all kinds of 各种各样的 of…kind… 种（类）的，属…一类 do sb. a kindness 帮某人忙，做一件好事 out of kindness 出于好心 kindergarten n. A school or class for children aged 4 to 6 before entering grade school 幼儿园 king n. the male ruler of a country 国王 the most important number of a group 首脑，最重要者 kingdom n. 1. a country governed by a king(or a queen) 王国 2. divisions of objects 领域，界 kiss v. & n. 1. to touch with the lips as a sign of love or as a greeting 吻，接吻 2. an act of kissing 吻 a kiss, kisses kiss sb. good-bye 吻别 kitchen n.a room used for cooking 厨房，灶间 kite n. a wooden or metal frame covered with paper or cloth for flying in the air at the end of a long string 风筝 knee n. The middle joint of the leg 膝盖 a knee, knees on one's knees 跪着 knife n. a blade used for cutting as a tool or weapon (有柄)小刀 knives stick a knife in someone's back 背后捅刀； knife and fork 刀叉 knock v. to strike a blow; hit 打. 击. 敲 n.(the sound of) a blow 一击，敲击声 syn. hit strike knock at 敲（门窗） knock into sb. 撞到某人身上，偶然遇见 knock out of 从……中敲出来 knock down 撞倒，摧毁 knock over 击倒，打翻 know v. 1. to have information (about) in the mind 知道,了解 2. to have met or spoken to(someone) several times认识,熟识 3. to have seen, heard 听过,见过 knew ,known ,knowing be known as 被称为,大家公认。 know about (of) 听说过。 knowledge n. 1. understanding 理解,了解,知道 2. learning 学识,学问,知识 3. information about 熟悉,见闻 knowledgeable adj. 知识渊博的 syn. understanding, learning koala n. an Australian tree-climbing animal like a small furry bear 考拉,树袋熊 Kph=kilometre(s) per hour 千米/小时 Lab also laboratory n. a building or room which contains scientific apparatus and in which a scientist works 实验室；实验大楼 labour/labor 1. work, esp. tiring physical work, or effort （尤指费力的）体力劳动 2. workers, esp. those who use their hands 劳力；工人； （尤指）用手操作的工人 3. the act of giving birth 分娩 lack v. to be without; not have enough of 缺少；缺乏；短缺 n. absence or need 缺少；缺乏 ladder n. a frame with steps, used for climbing, as up a building or the side of a ship 梯子 lady n. 1. (polite) a woman, esp. a woman of good social position （雅）女士；夫人；（尤指）有社会地位的贵妇人 2. also woman (亦作woman)-female 女性 lake n. a large mass of water surrounded by land 湖，湖泊(比较POND) lamb n. 1. a young sheep 小羊，羔羊 2. the meat of a young sheep 羔羊肉 lamp n. an apparatus for giving light, as from oil, gas, or electricity 灯，如油灯；煤气灯；电灯 land n. 1. the solid dry part of the earth’s surface 陆地 2. a part of the earth’s surface forming a political whole; country; nation 国土；国家 3. a part of the earth’s surface all of the same natural type 地带地球的表面与海洋比较时称为land; 与天空比较时称为earth; 被看作财产的一块地皮是land; 生长植物的土地称为ground, earth 或soil。Ground也指我们行走的地面，但在室内就叫做floor。 v. to come to, be to, or put on land 使上岸；登陆 landowner n. the owner of land 地主；土地所有者 language n. 1. the system of human expression by means of words in speech or writing 语言,文字 2. a particular system of words, as used by a people or nation 一个国家（或一个民族）的语言 3. any system of signs, movements, etc. used to express meanings or feelings (用以表达意义或感情的)一套符号或动作 large adj. more than usual in size, number, or amount; big 大的；巨大的 last n., pron. 1. the person or thing after all the others 最后的人（或物） at (long) last in the end; after a long time 最后；终于 determiner, adv.[no comp.] (无比较级) 1. after everything else; after the others 最后的，唯一剩下的；最后 2. on the occasion nearest in the past; most recent 紧接前面的；最近过去的 v. to measure in length of time; go on; continue 持续；继续；延续 eg. The film lasted nearly three hours. Late adj. 1. arriving, happening, etc., after the usual, arranged, or expected time 迟的； 晚的 2. happening towards the end of the day, life, a period, etc. （白天、生命、时期等）将尽的，快结束的；末期的 3. that happened only a short time ago 新近的 4. former (not living) 已故的 adv. 1. after the usual, arranged, or expected time 迟；晚 2. towards the end of a period 在晚期 be late for (school) 迟到（校） lately adv. in the recent past 近来，最近 later adv. 之后；不久 latest n. infml (非正式的) the most recent news, fashion, or example 最新消息；最新款式；最近事例 at the latest 最迟；至迟 laugh v. 1. to express amusement, happiness, carelessness, disrespect(etc.) by making explosive sounds with the voice, usu. while smiling笑；大笑 2.to influence or bring to a result by laughing 笑得使．．． laughter n an act or sound of laughing 笑；笑声 laugh at 嘲笑 law n. 1. a rule that is supported by the power of government and that governs the behavior of members of a society 法令；法规 2. the whole body of such rules in a country （一个国家的）法律 3. such rules, either in total or in part, and the way in which they work 法律及其动作 lawyer n. a person whose business is to advise people about laws and to represent them in court 律师 lay v laid laid laying 1. to cause to lie flat 放下；搁置；铺放 2. to set in proper order or position安排；布置；摆好 lay the table for dinner. (=place knives, forks, etc., ready for a meal)摆好餐具准备吃饭 3. (of birds, insects, etc. ) to produce (an egg or eggs)(鸟类，昆虫等)下（蛋）；产（卵） USAGE Do not confuse lay (laid, laid). With lie (lay, lain).用法：不要把 及物动词 lay(laid, laid)与不及物动词 lie (lay, lain) 相混淆。 eg. A person can lay his coat on the bed; When he has done this his coat is lying on the bed. 一个人可以把他的外衣放在(lay)床上。(当他放好时，这件外衣就平搁(is lying)在床上了。 A third verb lie (lied, lied) means “to tell a lie”. 还有一个不及物 动词lie (lied, lied) 意思是“说谎”。 lazy adj. 1. disliking and avoiding activity or work懒惰的；懒散的；偷懒的 2. (esp. of periods of time) encouraging inactivity（尤指一段时间）令人懒散的 3. moving slowly 慢吞吞的 lead v led, leading 1. to bring or show the way to (person or animal)by going in front 领头；带领；引导，牵引（人或动物） 2. to be the means of reaching a place, going through an area, etc. 通往；导向 3. to persuade or influence(someone) to do something 影响，劝诱（某人）做（某事） lead a simple life 过着俭朴的生活 USAGE: to lead is to show the way by going first, to guide is to show the way and explain things, and to direct is to explain to someone how to get to a place 用法：走在前面带路用lead ,边领路边讲解用guide ，向某人解 释如何到某一地方去用direct：he lead them down the mountain. 他带领他们下山。| She guided the tourists round the castle. 她引导旅游者参观了这座城堡。 Could you direct me to the station, please? 请问到车站怎么走？ to drive is either to control a moving vehicle, or to make animals move forward by going behind them drive 既可表示驾驶车辆，也 可表示在后面驱赶动物: Driving the cattle to market. 把牛群赶到市场去。 To steer is to control the direction of a moving vehicle or boat. steer 表示控制行进中的车或船的方向。steering wheel （汽车的）方向盘 lead to v. prep to have as a result; cause 引起；导致 lead n. a soft heavy easily melted dull grey metal, used for pipes, to cover roofs, etc. 铅 leader n. 1. a person or thing that leads or is in advance of others 先导者；领先者；前导的事物 2. a person who guides or directs a group, movement, etc. 领袖；领导人；首领 leading adj. 1. most important; chief; main 最重要的；主要的 2. guiding, directing, or controlling 指导的；领导的；控制的 leaf n. pl. leaves 1. one of the usu. flat and green parts of a plant that are joined to its stem or branch 叶 2. a thin sheet of paper, esp. a page in a book 一张薄纸；（尤指书的）一页 league n a group of people, countries etc. who have joined to work for some aim 联盟；同盟 Communist Youth League of China 中国共青团 League member 团员 Leak v. 1. to let (a liquid, gas, etc.) in or out of a leak (漏洞；漏隙) 让（液体、气体等）渗漏 2. (of a liquid, gas, etc.) to pass through a leak （液体、气体等）漏出 3. to make know (news, facts, etc., that ought to be secret) 泄露（秘密的消息，事实等） learn v. learned or learnt, learning 1. to gain knowledge (of) or skill (in) 学；学习；学会 2. to fix in the memory; memorize 记住 3. to become informed (of ) 听说；获悉 learn．．．by heart 记住；背诵 learned adj. having or showing much knowledge 有学问的；博学的 learner n a person who learns 学习者；初学者 least adv. in the smallest degree 最小；最少；最不 determiner, pron. (superlative of LITTLE) (LITTLE 的最高级) the smallest number or amount 最小；最少量 eg. He’s not in the least (=not at all) worried. 他一点也不担心。 at least: a) not less than; if not more 至少，起码 b) if nothing else; anyway 无论如何 leave v. left, leaving 1. to go away (from) 离开 2. to allow to remain, esp. after going away （尤指走后）留下；剩下；使处于（某种状态） 3. to fail to take or bring, esp. by accident (尤指偶然地)遗忘；忘记拿去；忘记带来 lecture n. (to give)a speech to a group of people, esp. as a method of teaching at universities （尤指大学里的）讲课 left adj. 1. on or belonging to the side of the body that usu. contains the heart （身体上）左的，左面的 2. on, by, or in the direction of one’s left side 左边的；左侧的；左方的 n. 1. the left side or direction 左；左边 2. the left hand 左手 adv. towards the left 向左(＜反＞right) on the left 在左边 left-handed adj. 1. using the left hand for most actions 惯用左手的；大多用左手做事的 2. made for use by a left-handed person 为左撇子使用的 ant. right-handed handedly adv. -left-handedness n. leftovers n. food remaining uneaten after a meal 吃剩的食物 leftover adj. 剩余的 leg n. 1. one of the limbs on which an animal walks and which support its body（动物的腿） 2. that part of this limb above the foot 腿部 3. the part of a garment that covers the leg 裤腿 Legend Computer Group Corporation 联想计算机集团公司 Lend v. lent, lending to give(someone) the possession or use of (something) for a limited time 把．．．借给 length n. 1. the measurement or distance from one end to the other or of the longest side of something 长；长度 2. a piece of something esp. of a certain length or for a particular purpose（一）段；（一）节 less adv. (comparative of LITTLE)(LITTLE的比较级) 1. (with adjectives and adverbs)not so; to a smaller degree(than) （与形容词和副词连用）不如；在较小程度上；不及 2. (with verbs)not so much（与动词连用）较少；更少 determiner, pron.(comparative of LITTLE)(LITTLE的比较级) a smaller amount 较小（少）的；更小（少）的 less and less (an amount)that continues to become smaller 越来越少 no less(than)(expressing surprise at a large number or amount) （对大数目或大数量表示惊奇）不少（于），不亚（于） less than 不到；少于 lesson n. 1. something taught to or learned by a pupil, esp. in school; the period of time a pupil or class studies a subject 课业；课程；一节课 2. something, e.g. an experience, from which one should learn 教训；经验 have lessons 上课 do one’s lessons 做（预习或复习）功课 let v. let, letting 1.to allow to do or happen 允许，让 |
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