实用高中英语短语与句型词典12

实用高中英语短语与句型词典

 

difference

1. the difference between ……之间的差别。如：

The difference between 6 and 15 is 9. 6和15相差9。

What’s the difference between the two words? 这两个词有什么不同?

3. make a (no) difference 有(没有)差别，有(没有)影响，起(不起)重要作用”等。如：

The sea air has made a difference to her health. 海上的空气改善了她的健康状况。

It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not. 他去不去对我没影响。

注：有时可用其它限定词。如：

A：Does that make any difference? 那很重要吗?

B：Yes, it makes all the difference. 是的，很重要。

The rain didn’t make much difference to the game. 这场雨对比赛没什么影响。

 

different

1. (be) different from [to, than] 与……不同。如：

He is different from [to, than] me. 他与我不同。

American cars are different from [to, than] ours. 美国造的汽车和我们的不一样。

注：在英国英语中通常用 to, 在美国英语中通常用 than, 但两者均不如用 from 普遍。

 

difficult

1. It is difficult to do sth 做某事很困难。如：

It’s difficult to learn Japanese. 学日语很难。

It was difficult to decide which one to buy. 要决定买哪个很困难。

2. sth is difficult to do 做某事很困难。如：

The work is difficult to do. 这项工作很难做。

Such books are difficult to read. 那样的书很难读。

注：该结构用 sth 作主语，它必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语，并且这类结构通常可与 it’s difficult to do sth 互换。如：

The mountain is difficult to climb. / It is difficult to climb the mountain. 这座山很难爬。

The question is difficult to answer. / It is difficult to answer the question. 要回答这个问题是困难的。

 

difficulty

1. have difficulty with [in] sth 对某事有困难。如：

Do you have any difficulty with [in] English? 你对(学习)英语有困难吗?

He has some difficulties with pronunciation. 他的发音有些困难。

2. have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难。如：

We have much difficulty (in) understanding what he says. 我们要理解他说的话有不少困难。

I had the greatest difficulty in persuading him. 为了说服他，我费了好大的力气。

注：该句型中的动词 have 有时可用 find, (there) be 换之。如：

He finds little difficulty learning English. 他觉得学习英语没什么困难。

There is much difficulty in finding his office. 没费什么力劲就找到了他的办公室。

3. with difficulty 困难地，费力地。如：

That man walked with difficulty. 那个人走路很费力。

He did it, but with difficulty. 他做是做了，但颇为费力。

4. without difficulty 容易地，不费力的。如：

He did it without much (any) difficulty. 他完成那件事没费什么(任何)劲。

The taxi driver found the house without much difficulty. 出租车司机没没费什么力就找到了这座房子。

 

direct

1. direct sb to do sth 命令某人做某事。如：

The officer directed his men to advance slowly. 那军官命令部下缓慢前进。

2. direct sth to (doing) sth

(1) 把(精力、注意力等)集中在……。如：

We will direct our energies to improving conditions. 我们将要集中精力改善条件。

(2) 把……的方向指给……。如：

Can you direct me to the railway station? 请你告诉我去火车站怎么走好吗?

(3) 把(邮件)寄给……。如：

Shall I direct this letter to his business address or to his home address? 我是把这封寄到他的办公地点，还是寄到他家里?

(4) 针对……而说(写)。如：

My remarks were not directed to all of you. 我的话并非指你们全体说的。

 

direction

1. in the direction

(1) 朝……方向。如：

We’re going in the direction of the east (the park). 我们将朝东(公园这个方向)走。

Tom walked in one direction and Jim in another. 汤姆往一个方向走了，吉姆朝另一个方向走了。

(2) 在……方面。如：

We are making changes in various directions. 我们正在多方面进行改革。

The town shows improvement in many directions. 这个城镇在很多方面都有改善。

2. under one’s direction 在某人的指导下。如：

We did the work under his direction. 我们在他的指导下工作。

The research center will be under his direction. 这个研究中心将由他指挥。

 

disappointed

1. be disappointed in [with] sb 对某人感到失望。如：

I’m disappointed in you: I expected you to win. 你让我失望了，我本来指望你能赢的。

My parents will be disappointed in[with] me if I fail in the exam. 要是我考试不及格，我父母会对我感到失望的。

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2. be disappointed at [about] doing sth对发生某情况感到失望。如：

She was very disappointed at [about] losing the race. 她输了这场比赛，感到很失望。

I was disappointed at not finding her at home. 我发现她不在家，感到很失望。

3. be disappointed with [about, at, in] sth对某一事实或情况感到失望。如：

We are disappointed about [at] his failure. 我们对他失败感到失望。

I was disappointed at [with, in] the result. 我对那结果感到失望。

4. be disappointed to do sth 对做某事感到失望。如：

I was disappointed to hear [=at] the news. 听到这个消息我感到很失望。

I was disappointed not to be chosen. 我未被选中，感到很失望。

 

disappointment

1. be a disappointment to sb 让使人失望。如：

Her children are a disappointment to her. 她的孩子让她感到失望。

His failure was a disappointment to his wife. 他的失败使他妻子很失望。

2. to one’s disappointment 使某人失望的是。如：

To my great disappointment, he wasn’t on that train. 使我大为失望的是，他不在那列火车上。

 

discover

1. discover how to do sth 发现如何做某事。如：

We never discovered how to open the box. 我们始终也没找到如何打开那个箱子。

They haven’t discovered how to improve their techniques. 他们还没有找到提高技术的办法。

2. discover sb (sth) to be 发现某人或某物是……。如：

We discovered her to be a good cook. 我们发现她很会煮饭。

We discovered him to be untrustworthy. 我们发现他很不可靠。

3. discover sb (sth) doing sth 发现或撞见某人或某物在做某事。如：

He discovered her crying in the room. 他发现她在房里哭。

I discovered him kissing my wife. 我撞见他在吻我的妻子。

 

discuss

1. discuss doing sth 讨论做某事的问题。如：

They discussed selling the house. 他们商量过卖房子的事。

We’re here to discuss Ann’s joining the club. 我们这次碰头是为了谈谈安入会的事。

注：discuss 后通常不接不定式，但若不定式之前有连接代词或连接副词，则可以用于其后。如：

We will discuss how to do it and who should do it. 我们要讨论怎样做这事以及由谁来做事。

2. discuss sth (sb) with sb 同某人讨论某事。如：

She discussed her plans with her mother. 她同她妈妈讨论了她的计划。

Have you been discussing me with your friends? 你和你的朋友在议论我吗?

注：discuss(讨论)是及物动词，注意不要其后误加介词about。

3. discuss wh-clause 讨论是否做某事。如：

We discussed when we should go. 我们讨论了什么时候去。

We discussed whether we should close the shop. 我们讨论了是否应该把店关掉。

注：discuss 后可接 whether 引导的宾语从句，但不接 if 引导的宾语从句。

 

distance

1. at a (some) distance 在一定距离的地方，隔开一些距离， 有些距离。如：

The picture looks better at a distance. 这幅画远些看更好些。

2. at [from] a distance of 在……的地方。如：

You can see the tower at [from] a distance of 20miles. 你在20英里外就可以看到这座塔。

3. from a distance 从远处(方)。如：

Many guests came from a distance. 许多客人从远方来。

It is a very beautiful house, especially from a distance. 这是一座漂亮的房子，尤其是从远处看更是如此。

4. in the distance 在远处，在远方。如：

I saw some smoke in the distance. 我看到远处有些烟。

A ship could be seen in the distance. 可以看到远处有艘轮船。

5. keep one’s distance from 保持距离(用于本义或引申义)。如：

Keep your distance from that dog. 不要太接近那条狗。

Keep your distance from that man. 不要与那个人太亲近。

6. keep sb at a distance 与某人保持距离，疏远某人。如：

She no longer kept her neighbours at a distance. 她不再对邻居冷淡了。

7. with ……distance of 在……的距离内。如：

He lives within easy distance of his work. 他住在离上班很近的地方。

The beach is within walking distance of my house. 海滩离我家不远，走几步就到。

 

divide

1. divide sth into sth 把某物分成某物(指把整体分为部分)。如：

He divided the children into four groups. 他把孩子们分成四组。

The USA is divided into 50 states. 美国被分为50个州。

注：表示把某物分成两半， 可用 divide sth into halves, 也可用 divide sth in half / divide sth in [into] two。

2. divide sth among [between] sb (sth) 把某物分(配)给某人或某物。如：

We divided the work between us. 我们分担这份工作。

They divided the money between [among] themselves. 他们把那笔钱分了。

He divided his time between work and study. 他把时间分别花在工作和学习上。

3. divide sth from sth 把某物与某一物分开。如：

The English channel divides England from France. 英吉利海峡把英法两国分隔开来。

A low brick wall divides our garden from our neighbor’s garden. 一堵矮砖墙把我们的花园与邻居的花园分开。

注：这样用的 divide 通常用 separate 代之。

 

do

1. do away with 废除，除去，撤消。如：

The company did away with private offices. 公司取消了私人办公室。

2. do doing sth 做某事。如：

Do he do (the, any) cooking? 他做饭吗?

I did much washing yesterday. 我昨天洗了很多衣服。

3. do up

(1) 扣，结，系。如：

This skirt does up at the back. 这条裙子从后面系扣。

(2) 包，扎，捆。如：

He told me to do up the package. 他叫我把包裹捆好。

(3) 梳妆，打扮。如：

Mary did herself up for the party. 玛丽为参加聚会而打份。

(4) 整理，装修，粉刷。如：

The house needs doing up. 这房子需要重新装修粉刷一下。

4. do with

(1) 处置(与 what 连用)。如：

What shall I do with it? 怎样处置它好呢?

(2) 放置(与 what 连用)。如：

What have you done with my umbrella? 你把我的雨伞放到哪里去了?

(3) 利用(与 what 连用)。如：

I don’t know what to do with this strange object. 我不知道这怪东西有什么用。

(4) 想要，需要(常与 can, could 连用)。如：

I could do with a drink. 我想喝点什么。

You look as if you could do with a good night’s sleep. 看来你要好好睡上一夜。

(5) 忍受(用于否定句，与 can, could 连用)。如：

I can’t do with loud music. 我受不了喧闹的音乐。

(6) 打发时间，安排时间(与 oneself 连用)。如：

Tell me what you did with yourselves on Sunday. 告诉我你们星期天是怎样过的。

(7) 将就，凑合(与 can, could 连用)。如：

Can you do with cold meat for dinner? 晚餐吃冷肉你能将就吗?

(8) 与……有关。如：

It’s nothing to do with me. 这与我无关。

My job has to do with the government. 我的工作与政府有关。

比较：

My job has something (nothing) to do with the government.

我的工作与政府有些(没有)关系。

5. do without 没有(不用)……也行。如：

We can’t do without a telephone in our business. 我们做生意没有电话是不行的。

I don’t have enough money to buy a car, so I’ll just have to do without (one). 我没有那么多钱买汽车，只好作罢。

)

6. make (something) do with 将就着，凑合着。如：

We don’t have any milk, so we’ll have to make do with water. 我们没有牛奶，所以我们只好用水将就了。

 

doctor

1. go to [see] a doctor 去看医生。如：

I’m going to see a doctor tomorrow. 我明天要去看病。

I think you’d better go to [see] the doctor about your chest. 我想你最好去找医生看看你的胸部。

 

door

1. answer the door (听到门铃或敲门声)开门。如：

The maid answered the door. 女佣应声去开了门。

Tom took ages to answer the door. 汤姆耽搁了很久才开门。

2. close [shut] the door to [on]

(1) 把(某人)关在门外。如：

As I was to follow him into the room, he closed the door on me. 我正要跟着他进屋，他竟把门关上了。

(2) 使没有可能。如：

The incident closed the door on his promotion. 这次事件使他不可能晋升了。

(3) 拒绝接纳。如：

The club has closed it’s doors to new members. 俱乐部已停止接纳新会员。

3. from door to door

(1) 挨家挨户。如 ：

He sells books (from) door to door. 他挨家挨户推销书。

(2) 从一家到另一家。如：

Door to door, it’s exactly 100 miles to his house. 从我家到他家直接距离正好是100英里。

The journey takes about an hour, door to door. 从这家到那家的路程要用一个小时。

4. in doors 在室内。如：

You’d better remain in doors. 我最好呆在室内。

5. next door (to)

(1) 隔壁。如：

He lives next door (to us). 他住在(我们)隔壁。

Next door was Mr Smith. 隔壁住的是史密斯先生。

(2) 几乎，差不多。如：

I’m afraid it’s next door to impossible that we’ll be there on time. 看来我们几乎不可能准时赶到了。

6. open the door to [for]

(1) 给……开门。如：

Don’t open the door to strangers, it’s not safe. 不要给陌生人开门，那不安全。

(2) 给……以机会，为……创造条件。如：

The agreement opens the door to advances in every field.

此协议为各方面的发展创造了条件。

7. out of doors 在户外。如：

We often have our food out of doors in summer. 我们夏天经常在室外吃饭。

They work out of doors. 他们在户外干活。

8. show [see] sb to the door 送某人到门口。如：

Mr Brown is leaving now. Will you show him to the door? 布朗先生要走了，你送他去门口好吗?

My secretary will see you to the door. 我的秘书将送你到门口。

9. show sb the door 驱赶某人，下逐客令。如：

I showed him the door. 我把他撵走了。

After a long argument he showed me the door. 争论了好一阵之后，他向我下了逐客令。

10. two (three, four……) doors away [off, from ……] 隔壁第二(三、四)家。如：

He lives three doors away [off]. 他住在隔壁第三家。

She lived a few doors from Mary. 她住在玛丽隔壁几家。

 

doubt

1. have (there is) no doubt that-clause 肯定，毫无疑问。如：

There’s no doubt that he will come. 他肯定会来。

I have no doubt that he will pass the exam. 我敢肯定他考试能及格。

2. have (there is) some doubt whether-clause 怀疑，不敢肯定。如：

There is some doubt whether he will win. 他是否会赢，还不敢肯定。

3. have doubt about [of] 对……表示怀疑。如：

I have some doubt about his words. 我怀疑他所述之言的真实性。

We had no doubt about [of] his honesty. 我们相信他是诚实的。

4. in doubt 怀疑，犹豫，不肯定。如 ：

He is in doubt (about) what to do. 他还没有确定要做什么。

When in doubt about the usage, consult the dictionary. 对用法拿不准时，查一下字典。

5. no doubt

(1) 肯定地。如：

No doubt Tom is the cleverest. 汤姆肯定是最聪明的。

(2) 想必。如：

You no doubt know what’s happened. 你想必已经知道发生了什么事情。

6. without (a) doubt毫无疑问，一定地。如：

Without a doubt these theories are all wrong. 毫无疑问，这些理论都是错误的。

 

dozen

1. dozens of 许多，若干。如：

She’s got dozens of boy-friends. 她的男朋友多极了。

I’ve been there dozens of times. 我去那儿去过几十次了。

2. by the dozen 按打(出售)。如：

It’s cheaper by the dozen. 成打买可以便宜些。

The eggs are sold by the dozen. 鸡蛋按打出售。

3. in dozens成打地。如：

Pack them in dozens. 按打装袋吧。