冠词的分类 定冠词:the 不定冠词:a/an 零冠词 定冠词the的用法 ①表示上文提到过的人或事物。 如:He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good. ②用于单数可数名词前,表示整体或类别。 如:The panda is a rare animal. = A panda is a rare animal. = Pandas are rare animals. ③用来表示世界上独一无二的事物 如:the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world ④用于表示阶级、党派的名词前。 如:the Chinese Communist Party, the working class ⑤常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前。 A. 用于许多江海,山脉,群岛等名词前: The Yellow River,The East Sea, the Himalayas, the Pacific Ocean B. 用于由普通名词构成的国名: The People’s Republic of China, the United States C. 用于机关、团体、朝代、时代、报刊杂志等名词前: the United Nations, the State Council, the Tang dynasty, the People’s Daily the Summer Palace, the Plaza Hotel, the British Museum ⑥用于表示方位的名词前。 如:in the east, on the left ⑦用于乐器名词前,但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词。 如:play the piano/guitar/ violin ⑧用于复数的姓氏前,表示两夫妇或全家,在此情况下,这类名词作复数对待。 如:When we got there, the Greens were waiting for us. The Smiths watch TV every day. ⑨用于某些形容词或过去分词前,表示一类人或事物。 如:the poor, the rich, the old, the sick, the dead, the young, the wounded ⑩用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前。 如:Shanghai is the biggest city in china. After the game, the first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot bath. 例外:Can you explain it a second time(=again)? here is a third(=another) boy running on the playground. Paris is a most(=very) beautiful city in the world. 不定冠词a(an)的用法 A. 不定冠词a(an)用于单数可数名词前。 如:a girl, an English book, a university B. 不定冠词用于单数可数名词前,可以表示其全类(泛指)。 如:An English teacher teaches the students how to learn English. 零冠词用法 ①表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前,不用冠词。 Now people are living a happy life. Trees are planted everywhere. ②不含普通名词的专有名词,表示泛指的物质名词和抽象名词前,不用冠词。 We are studying English. It is a pleasant to walk in soft snow. ③季节、月份、星期等名词前,一般不用冠词。 She likes spring while I like summer. We have no classes on Saturday. ④表示职务、头衔的名词前,不用冠词。 We have elected him our monitor. ⑤三餐饭的名词前,一般不用冠词。 When do you have lunch? 注意:有修饰词除外 We had a wonderful supper last night. ⑥节假日等名词前,不用冠词。 Children all wear their best clothes on National Day. People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day. 注意:中国节日前有the。 The Spring Festival, The Mid-Autumn Day ⑦球类和棋类运动的名词前,不用冠词。 play basketball, play chess ⑧在某些固定词组里,名词前不用冠词。 on foot, by train / boat / plane, in class, in church, in danger, in hospital, in bed, at school, at daybreak, at sunrise, at dusk, at sunset, at night, at noon, go to school等。 注意事项 ①当man作人类讲时,用零冠词 Man can conquer nature. ②某些抽象名词具体化,其前可加a。如:surprise, fire, joy等。 She is a success as a teacher. It is a great joy to have talked with you. ③a用于姓氏前表示某个只知道名字而不不熟悉的人。 A Mr. Liu is waiting to see you outside. ④word 作消息讲时,用零冠词。 Word came that he would go abroad. |
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