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1. fail: 例： A large number of businesses failed when interest rates rose. （利息提高了，很多企业破产了。） Thousands of small businesses fail each week. （每周都有无数的小企业倒闭。）
2. go out of business: if a company goes out of business, it stops existing because it is no longer making a profit 例： Many small farms are going out of business. （很多小农场即将破产。） Our favorite store's going out of business. （我们最喜欢的店要关门结业了。） be put/forced out of business As the recession hit, many traders were forced out of business. （经济不景气，很多生意人都破产了。）
3. go under: if a business, bank, or company goes under, it fails - used especially in newspapers and business contexts 例： When the company went under, some of our workers found positions with Ford. （我们公司倒闭以后，有些员工去了福特上班。）
4. close down: if a shop, factory, or business closes down, it stops making or selling goods 例： If the factory closes down, 600 people will lose their jobs. （这个工厂要是倒闭了，将有600人失业。） Coal mines are closing down all over the country. （全国的煤矿企业都相继倒闭。） Not long ago, the orchestra was the pride of the city. Now it is on the verge of closing down. （不久前，这个交响乐团还是这个城市的骄傲，但是现在，它濒临散伙。）
5. closure: n. use this when a shop, factory, or business fails and closes 备注：英式英语中常用''closure''，美式英语中常用''closing''。 例： Further factory closures have been announced. （工厂已经宣布了即将倒闭的消息。） closure of The closing of the company was a great loss to the town. （这个公司的倒闭对小镇来说是个巨大的损失。）
6. face/be threatened with closure: 即将倒闭 例： Penrhyn is now the largest quarry in the world, yet 5 years ago it faced closure. （现在彭林是世界上最大的采石场，但是5年前它濒临倒闭。）
7. go bankrupt/go bust: if a person or company goes bankrupt, they are legally forced to sell their property and possessions to pay their debts 备注：''go bankrupt/go bust''是非正式的用法。 例： Her father went bankrupt in 1984. （她爸爸1984年的时候破产了。） The firm went bankrupt before the building work was completed. （建筑工程还没完成，这个公司就倒闭了。） He bought a small printing firm that had gone bankrupt. （他买下了一个已宣告破产的印刷厂。） The company went bust last year, owing ￡12 million. （该公司去年破产，欠债1200万。）
8. fold: to fail and be unable to continue in business 备注：''fold''是非正式的用法。 例： Most of the companies dependent on the steelworks folded within weeks. （依附于这个轮胎厂的大部分公司都在几周内倒闭了。）
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