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西班牙RAS Arquitectura妙手回春，将巴塞罗那一个不见天日的近海地下室改造成为了一个舒适的居住空间，潮湿与昏暗从此与这个空间无缘。地下室面积55平米，有两根八角石柱及其形成的穹顶。 The project is carried out in an underground space near the sea, with barely any outside lighting and in serious humidity conditions. However, the interior of the simply-built, very small structure — barely 55m2 — had a real monumental look, presided over by two octagonal stone pillars from which domes and vaults rise to cover the space and bear the weight of the upper floors.
业主希望整个空间开放，拥有自然光，还能看到室外。这个建议影响了建筑师的设计，并发展出一个更成熟的处理方式：保持单空间概念，但是这个单空间是复杂的单空间。各个小的功能区（卧室，更衣室，浴室，储藏室，厨房，书房）围绕中心大空间排布，没有到达天花的分隔墙，保持了穹顶天花的完整性。地面隔板根据情况有不同的高度。除了木材打造的隔墙和家具，房屋的天花墙面以及地板都是白色，这使得自然光最大限度的漫反射在空间中，同时家具和隔断的纹理也被凸显出。 The client had requested the creation of an open-floor space. However, this monumentality, coupled with the shortage of natural light and view to the outdoors, led to another proposal. The single-space concept could be maintained but with greater spatial complexity, by overlapping and intersecting two living spaces: a central, common, multipurpose space and a perimeter of small designated-use rooms (bedroom, dressing room, bathroom, storage room, kitchen and study). The walls do not reach all the way up to the ceiling so the vaults and domes are continuous and visible from anywhere. But from the ground level, up to the level marked by where the domes begin, the view is partially interrupted by partitions, creating an anticipation of what lies beyond on the other side, and giving contour to the inner world. The palette of materials is reduced. Floors and walls are white to bounce and reflect every beam of light that manages to enter through the few openings. The laminated pine dividing walls highlight the items in the centre of the space, while contrasting with the white surfaces of the existing walls. This is the serene canvas against which future users will splash the colours and textures of their furnishings and belongings.
建筑师在这个空间中建立了严密的防水绝缘层，防止湿气侵扰，并通过地热加热的手段除湿，然后采用强制通风系统。最终，这个空间变得明亮，不潮湿，让人感到愉快，舒适。这个55平米的空间也仿佛不仅只有55平米。 Work has been slow-paced. Lack of ventilation and openings to the outside extended drying times for materials. We had to design and build a raised floor with several layers to ensure waterproofing and insulation. All surfaces and ceilings had to be sealed with double-action waterproof mortar to prevent moisture from leaking through. The level of indoor humidity was controlled with an underfloor heating and forced ventilation system connected to a dehumidifier. Gradually, materials started drying and the saltpeter started disappearing. When we removed the worksite floodlights in early summer we found that natural light filled the space and bounced on the walls nicely, creating a very pleasant and comfortable humidity-free space which seemed much bigger than its meagre 55 m2.
CREDITS Project name: Apartment Tibbaut Team: Project: 2014 List of building materials: walls of laminated pine; white microcement floor covering; existing walls and ceilings covered with waterproofing, sealant mortar and finished with lime mortar; white microcement kitchen and shower finishes; partition wall panels comprising metal sections and plasterboard to the base of the domes.
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