Tom and Mike are brothers. Both Jack and Mary have been given some good books. 如and连接的两个部分是同一人或事物,或当作整体看待时,谓语动词则用单数。例如: My old friend and classmate works in a hospital.我的同班老朋友在一所医院工作。 2.用and连接的并列主语被each,every或no修饰时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如: No teacher and no student has come yet. Soon every man,woman and child was talking about this thing. 3.如果主语的整体可以用he,she,it替代,谓语用第三人称单数形式。例如: Jim’s way of dressing,speaking and using his hands is interesting.吉姆穿着的方式、说话的姿态和用手的习惯都很有趣。 4.谓语的形式取决于主语,而不是其它成分: (1)主语和谓语的动词之间插入由介词but,between,except,like,with等引导的介词短语,谓语动词要与这些短语前的主语一致。例如: A woman with two children is coming to the shop. Nobody except his parents knows of it. (2)主语和谓语之间插入了分词短语,谓语要与主语一致。例如: Mr Smith,accompanied by his wife and three children,has just arrived.史密斯先生在他的夫人和三个孩子的陪同下刚到达。 5.两个以上的并列短语或从句作主语,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于是否把它们当作整体看待。例如: How she came to be a teacher and what she must do then were often on her mind.她是怎样成为一个教师的,她当时必须做什么,是时常出现在她脑海中的问题。 6.某些单复数同形的动物名词如deer(鹿),fish(鱼),sheep(绵羊)等,它们作主语时,谓语动词用单数还是复数,取决于该名词所表示的数。例如: There is a sheep under the tree. There are many sheep on the hill. 1.一些集体名词,如family ,class作主语时,当作为整体看时,谓语动词用单数;如就其中的一个个成员来考虑时,谓语动词则用复数。例如: My family is a big one. My family are watching TV. 2.形式是复数,概念是单数。例如: Here is the news.现在报告新闻。 Physics is a difficult science.物理是一门很难的学科。 maths,politics,physics等复数形式的名词表示学科名称时,谓语动词用单数。 His maths is weak.他的数学很差。 3.形式是复数和概念的变化。 某些复数名词,如glasses,clothes,trousers作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如: My glasses are on my nose. 但如果前面加了限量修饰语,谓语动词的数则应与该修饰语相一致。例如: There is a suit of clothes on the bed. This pair of shoes is twenty yuan. 4.“the +形容词”是复数的概念。 the poor(穷人),the rich(富人),the youn g(年轻人),the old(老人),the dead(死者),the brave(勇士),the sick(病人)……与谓语动词连用时,一般用复数。例如: The rich never know what the poor have their minds.饱汉不知饿汉饥。 1.在there be +并列主语的句子中,谓语动词的数通常同它邻近的主语一致。例如: There is some paper,two pens and many books on the desk. 2.在用here开头的倒装句中,谓语动词通常同它后面的主语的人称和数一致。例如: Here are the boys I am looking for.这些就是我正在寻找的男孩。 Here is the book you want.这就是你要的书。 3.疑问句的谓语动词常同它邻近的主语的人称和数一致。例如: Are you or she to stay here? 4.用“not only...but(also)”,“not...but”,“neither...nor”,“either...or”连接的并列主语,谓语动词同邻近的主语一致。例如: Not only John but also his parents are coming.不仅约翰,而且他的父母也都来了。 Not the students but I was wrong.不是学生错了,而是我错了。 Neither she nor you have a dictionary.她没有字典,你也没有。 Either you or I am to go.不是你去就是我去。 1.不定代词another,anyone,anybody,anything,each,everyone,everybody,everything,one,someone,somebody,something等作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如: Anyone who wants to come is welcome.谁愿来都欢迎。 Was there anything about him in the newspaper?报纸中有关于他的消息吗? Each of these things has a different weight.这些东西的重量是各不相同的。 Everyone has his hobby.各有嗜好。 Everybody is doing his best.各尽所能。 Nobody has time for such things.没有人有时间干这些事。 Someone calls you.有人叫你。 Something is wrong with my watch.我的表出毛病了。 2.表示否定的不定代词no one,nobody,nothing作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如: No one knows where he is.没人知道他在哪里。 Nobody likes earthquakes.谁也不喜欢地震。 Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to do.天下无难事,只怕有心人。 但none作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数,也可用复数。例如: None have(has)arrived yet. 3.all,most,some等不定代词作主语时,如指的是复数概念,谓语动词用复数,如指的是单数概念,谓语动词用单数。例如: All are happy to hear the news.大家听到这个消息都很高兴。 All of the bread has been eaten.所有的面包都吃完了。 Most of the earth is covered with water.地球上大部分地区都覆盖着水。 Some of us are ill.我们有些人病了。 4.both,few ,many ,several等用作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如: Both of them are bad.他们两人都不好。 Few of them believe that.他们当中没有几个人相信这件事。 Many have come.许多人已经来了。 Several of us think that is wrong.我们当中好几个人都认为那是错的。 5.“more than+基数词+复数名词”结构作主语时,谓语用复数;“more than +one+单数名词”结构做主语时,谓语动词用单数。例如: More than twenty students are playing football on the playground.有二十多个学生在操场上踢球。 There is more than one answer to your question.你的问题不止一个答案。 6.表示数量的不定代词little,much,用作主语时,谓语动词用单数。例如: Much of our food comes from plants.我们的很多食物都是来自于植物。 There is little to choose between them.他们之间没有什么区别。 7.字母、符号或某个单词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。例如: A is the first letter of the English alphabet.A是英语字母表中的第一个字母。 “Theirs”is a possessive pronoun.“theirs”是个物主代词。 means D×D. 表示D×D。 8.基数词作主语,谓语动词通常用单数。例如: Fourteen means four and ten.4加10等于14。 Two and four makes six.2加4等于6。 98and 3 is 101.98加3等于101。 但如果基数词表示两个或更多的人或事物时,谓语动词可用复数。例如: Twelve were absent.十二人缺席。 9.分数(百分数)+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词的数。例如: Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.地球表面的四分之三是海洋。 Ten percent of the apples are bad.百分之十的苹果是坏的。 10.“数词+复数名词”作主语,名词表示的是时间、长度、重量、价值时,谓语动词用单数。例如: Ten years has seemed a long time to me,but a short time to you.十年对于我来说似乎是一段很漫长的时间,而对于你来说,却是很短的。 Five hundred dollars was spent.花了五百美元。 但有时“复数”的意思占主导地位,动词须用复数。例如: The first ten years are the hardest.开始的十年是最艰苦的。 11.“one or two+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数。例如: There are one or two things I want to talk over with you.有一两件事我要同你详谈。 12.动词不定式短语、动名词短语和从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如: How to repair the machine is a difficult question.如何修理这部机器是一个难题。 When they will come hasn’t been made public.他们什么时候来还没有公布。 |
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