一般过去时与过去进行时

一、一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。
关键词：完成还是未完成
They were building a bridge last winter.(可能还未建成)
They built a bridge last winter.（已经建成了）
请看一道高考试题：
Shirley _____a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it.
A. has written???????????? B. wrote
C. had written???????????? D. was writing
解析：根据划线部分可知，书可能未写完，故用过去进行时, 答案为D.
模拟训练:
1. Li Lei jumped out and soon he _____ the fire with his neighbors. When the firefighters came, the fire was almost under control.
A. was putting out???? B. put out????? C. had put out?????? D. would put out
解析：根据划线部分可推知，Li Lei正在扑火，还未扑灭，put out 动作未完成，答案为A.
2. They told me they _____ money for the Hope Project and they would do so year after year until all the children could go to school.
A. collected?? B. were collecting ??C. has collected?? D. will collect?
解析：根据划线部分，collect money 未结束，答案B.
B二、过去进行时可用来描绘事情发生的背景。即：过去某时A动作正在进行，B动作在A 动作进行的过程中发生了，A动作就是动作发生的背景。如：
He hurt his leg when he was playing basketball.
“把腿弄伤”发生在“打篮球”的过程中，“打篮球”就是“弄伤腿”的背景。
解题思路关键词：背景动作用进行时，事件动作用过去时
高考轨迹：
1. (07北京）
──It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.
──Oh, don’t mention it. I ___ past your house anyway.
A. was coming?B. will come?? C. had come??? D. have come
2. (06安徽) I _____ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident??????
A．went; was occurring???????????????????? B．went; occurred
C．was going; occurred???????????????????? D．was going; had occurred
3. (06北京) — Where did you put the car keys?
──Oh, I ______ I put them on the chair because the phone rang as I ______ in.
A. remembered; come?????????????????? B. remembered; was coming
C. remember; come???????????????????? D. remember; was coming
A.解析：1. give me a lift home.发生在come past your house的过程中，即come past your house是give me a lift home的背景，答案为
2. 根据所提供的情景“我正沿街走着，突然事故发生了”。“沿街走着”是背景，故答案为C.
3. 我进来的过程中听到电话铃响, 把车钥匙放在了椅子上，答案为D.
模拟训练:
1. Tom ___ into the house when no one???????????? .
A. slipped; was looking?????? B. had slipped; looked
C. slipped; had looked??????? D. was slipping; looked
2. Mary ____ a dress when she cut her finger.
A.??? made ??B. is making?C. was making D. makes
3. As she ____ the newspaper, Granny ____ asleep.
A. read; was falling?B. was reading; was falling
C. was reading; fell?D. read; fell
答案：1. A?? 2. C ?3. C
三、一般过去式常表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态，强调的是动作的发生、结束或完成。过去进行时表示某一时刻或过去某一段时间正在进行的动作,强调的是动作的持续性。　
I first met Lisa three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time.
我第一次遇到丽莎是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。
近几年高考命题思路：
（一）.试题中出现一个明显的过去时间点
解题思路：我们知道，与点时间连用时，持续动词必须用进行时，非持续动词不能用进行时。
When I met him, he was talking to our English teacher.
When I met him, he stopped talking to our English teacher.
高考轨迹：
(07福建) —I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.
──Impossible. She ___ TV with me in my home then.
A.??? watched?? B. had watched?C. would watch?? D. was watching
解析：watch（持续动词）与过去时间点连用，用过去进行时。答案为D.
(二)试题中出现隐含的过去时间状语
高考轨迹：
1. (07全国Ⅱ)──Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.
──Oh, nothing muck. In fact, I ______ of my friends back home.
A. have just thought?????????? B. was just thinking
C. would just think??????????? D. will just be thinking
解析:根据所提供的情景“Is there anything wrong, Bob？You look sad.”和其答语“Oh, nothing much.”可判断出刚才那一会儿想起了自己的朋友，答案为B. 这里用过去进行时表示过去某一段时间（刚才那一会儿）正在进行的动作。
2. (08湖南) I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother _____ on the phone all the time!
A. was talking?B. has been talking??? C. has talked??? D. talked
根据所提供的情景I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through.可知，我一直在给Hnnah打电话却未打通，可推知her brother一直在占用电话。我们知道，当表达一个过去持续进行的动作时，应该用过去进行时，答案为A.
解题思路关键词：1. 与点时间连用时，持续动词必须用进行时；
2.利用好隐含时间与语境。“时间隐含”型已成为近年命题的焦点，此类试题俯拾皆是。请看：
1. (07 四川)?—Did you see a man in black pass by just now??
──No, sir. I ____ a newspaper.?
A. read?B. was reading?C. would read?? D. am reading
2. (07江西)—Ouch! You hurt me!
──I am sorry.?But I ___ any harm. I ___ to drive a rat out.
A. didn’t mean; tried???????? B. don’t mean; am trying
C. haven’t meant; tried?????? D. didn’t mean; was trying
3. (08安徽) -----Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?
──Yes, I did. You know, my brother ________ in the match.
A. is playing????? B. was playing???? C. has played???? D. had played
4. (08四川) The telephone _______, but by the time I got indoors, it stopped.
A. had rung??????? B. was ringing????? C. rings?????? D. has rung
答案：1. B 2.D 3.B 4.B
模拟训练:
1. It is said that the early European playing-cards ____?for entertainment and education.
A. were being designed??????????????????? B. have designed
C. have been designed???????????????????? D. were designed
2. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ________ there several years ago.
A. are going???? B. had been??? C. went????????? D. have been
3. ──Hey, look where you are going!
──Oh, I’m terribly sorry. ____.
A.??? I’m not noticing???? B. I wasn’t noticing
C. I haven’t noticed????? D. I don’t notice
4. My mind wasn' t on what he was saying so I' m afraid I ______ half of it.
A. was missing???? B. had missed?????? C. will miss??????? D. missed?
5. Judy is going to marry the sailor she____ in Rome last year.
A. meets?????????? B. met
C. has met???????? D. would meet
6. Only when I left my parents for Italy ___ how much I loved them.
A. I realized??????? B. I had realized
C. had I realized???? D. did I realize
7. He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young.
A. was playing????? B. played????? C. has played???? D. had play
8 .—You look very tired. ____ at all last night?
──No, not really. I’m tired out now.
A. Do you sleep????????? B. Were you sleeping
C. Did you sleep?????????????????? D. Had you slept
9. I don’t believe you’ve already finished reading the book — I ______it to you this morning!
A. would lend?? B. was lending??? C. had lent???? D. lent
答案： 1. D?2. C?3.B?4.D?5. B?6. D?7. B?8. C?9. D
四、一般过去时和过去进行时都可表达过去将来概念，其区别是：
在时间和条件状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来。
go，come，leave，start，arrive等表示位置转移的动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。
1. I wondered when they were leaving for Shanghai.
2. She said she wanted to be a doctor when she grew up.