非谓语动词做宾语补足语的区别

(解题技巧：记固定搭配，辩逻辑关系)

 A    固定句型sb/sth be said/believed/ reported/ considered/ thought to do /to be doing /to have done要分清

【练习】

 1 Linda is thought to_____ in Africa, but I really don’t know what country she’s working in. A. have worked B. work C. be working D. be worked

2 Robert is said _____ abroad ,but I don’t know what country he studied in. 

A to have studied B to study C to be studying D to have been studying 

3 The flu is believed ______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. 

A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused 

4 John Bell was generally considered ________ the first telephone.

 A inventing B to invent C having invented D to have invented 

【答案】

1-4 CACD

 B     弄清以下搭配及其意义 

1.  感官动词see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, notice等后面的宾补有3种形式（do/doing/done），doing表主动或正在进行，done表被动或完成，do表主动和完成（被动句中to 还原）。

2.   leave后接3种形式做宾补。

leave sb to do sth/ leave sth to be done, leave sb doing sth, leave sth undone e.g. He left, leaving me to to all the rest work. （主动，将来） 

We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled。（被动，将来）

 It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running. (主动，正在进行) 

The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious.（被动，完成）

3.   have, get, make后接3种形式，表示“使，让，叫”

 have sb do/ doing have sth to do have sth done

 get sb to do sth 

get sth done make sb do sth

4.  with复合结构，to do表示动作未发生（主动或被动），doing表示主动，正在进行的动作，done表示被动和完成的动作。 

总的原则：   分析作宾补的动词与逻辑主语即句子宾语之间的逻辑关系，再结合动作发生的时间（未发生、正在发生或已经发生）来选择合适的形式。

1 Don't leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth. 

A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 

2 My advisor encouraged ______ a summer course to improve my writing skills. 

A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to takeD. me to take 

3 Helen had to shout ______ above the sound of the music. 

A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard 

4 Laws that punish parents for their little children's actions against the laws get parents ______. 

A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry 

5 The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ______ as the plane was making a landing. 

A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 

6 He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. 

A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting

 7 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______ in the kitchen. 

A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked 

8The ______ boy was last seen ______ near the East Lake. 

A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play 

9 The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ___ the next year. 

A carry out B carrying out C carried out D to carry out 

10 The result of the election was not made _____until last Friday. 

A knowing B known C to know D to be known 

11 The terrible gunshot sent people ____ in all directions from the villagers. 

A to run B running C to walk D flying 

12 who would you rather ____with you to the park, John or Tom? 

A to go B have gone C have go D going 

【答案】

   1-5 BDDAC                   6-10 DBACB                              11-12 BC