would rather that somebody did…“宁愿……;更愿意……”(表示现在或将来的愿望) would rather that somebody had done…“宁愿……;更愿意……”(表示过去的愿望)
[例句] I‘d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信。 I‘d rather that i hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没有看到她。
句型2 as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像……(表示现在或将来的情况用过去时;表示过去的情况用过去完成时)[参考句型4]
[例句] Alan talked about rome as if he had been there. Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。
句型3 “wish +宾语从句”，表示不大 可能实现的愿望 表示现在的愿望：主语+过去时; 表示过去的愿望：主语+had done; 表示将来的愿望：主语+would/could do
[例句] How i wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves!我们学生多么希望有更多的自由时间放松自己！
句型4 it‘s high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就该……
[例句] It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment. 该是我们为环保做些事情了。
句型5 情态动词+动词不定式完成结构的用法 could have done “本来可以……”(表示过去没有实现的可能)。 might have done “本来可能……;本来应该或可以做某事”(实际没有发生;含有轻微的责备语气。 should/ought to have done “本来该做某事”(而实际未做) should not/ought not to have done “本来不该做”(实际却做过了，含有责备语气) needn’t have done “本来不必做”(但是已经做过了) would rather have done “当时宁愿做了某事”(实际没有做过);否定式would rather not have done表达相反意思，两者都有表示“后悔”之意。
[例句] Although/though i‘m young， i already know what career i want to follow →young as/though i am， i already know what career i want to follow. 我虽然年轻，但我已经明白我应该追随什么样的事业。 Strange as it may seem， nobody was injured in the accident. 这次意外虽然显得不可思议，却没有人受伤。
句型7 …before…特殊用法(1)“没来得及……就……”
[例句] The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. 他还没有来得及冲进房间救孩子，房顶就塌了。
He ran off before i could stop him. 我还没有来得及阻止，他已经跑了。
句型8 it was + 时间段+before…。“过了多久才(怎么样)……” it was not long before…。“不久，就……” it will (not) be +时间段+before…。“要过多久(不久)……才……”(before从句谓语动词要用一般时态)
[例句] it was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境的危险。 it was five days before he came back. 五天后他才回来。
句型9 in case of…(+n.) “以防;万一”; in case that…“以防，万一……”(谓语动词用一般现在时态或should+动词原形)
[例句] Please remind me about it in case i forget/should forget. 万一我忘了，请提醒我。
[例句1] i saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. →it was i who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.(强调主语) →it was in the street that i saw him yesterday afternoon.(强调地点状语) →it was yesterday afternoon that i saw him in the street.(强调时间状语) →it was him that/who i saw in the street yesterday afternoon.(强调宾语)
[例句] Please call me up before you come， otherwise/or else/or we might be out 你来之前打个电话，否则，我们也许会出去。 Work hard and you will make progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。
句型12 …until…。“直到……时候”;not…until…“直到……才……”
[例句] You are to stay until/till your mother comes back. 你得等到你妈妈回来。 Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.(倒装句) 等到湖里的鱼全死光了，村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。
句型13 unless…“除非，如果不……”(=if…not)
[例句] I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. 如果不下雨，我明天去。 I won‘t go unless he comes to invite me himself.除非他本人来邀请我，不然我是不会去的。
