|
Potassium in Aquaponics 鱼菜共生系统里的钾元素 Potassium in Aquaponics: N-P-K鱼菜共生系统里的钾元素：N-P-K（氮-磷-钾） Potassium is hands down the most interesting andfrustrating nutrient to manage in aquaponic systems.钾应该是鱼菜共生系统的营养管理里最有趣但也最容易使人受挫的一种元素了。 When there is a nutrient deficiency in aquaponic systems, 9times out of 10, it is a potassium deficiency. 鱼菜共生系统里出现的缺素情况，十之八九是缺钾。 Not only is there typically a lack of adequate levels ofpotassium in fish feed and waste, but potassium has a rather complicatedrelationship with other nutrients in the system. 究其原因，除了鱼食和鱼粪的含钾量不足之外，另一点就是钾和系统里其他营养元素的关系更加复杂。 Forthis reason, I’m going to cover the topic of potassium in a series of severalposts, including: 所以，我准备写一系列文章来阐述钾的问题，它们包括： 1. An Introduction to Potassium 2. Potassium In Your System 3. Potassium Deficiencies- Recognizing Them and Why theyOccur 4. How to Treat Potassium Deficiencies and How to ManagePotassium to Prevent Deficiencies 1.介绍钾元素 2.在鱼菜共生系统里的钾 3.缺钾——如何识别以及原因 4.如何应对缺钾以及如何预防缺钾 Find more information: /blog An Introduction to Potassium 介绍钾元素 Potassium is introduced to your system in the form of fishfeed or supplements like Potassium Hydroxide, or Kelp Meal Concentrate.钾是以鱼食、补充剂（比如氢氧化钾）、或浓缩海藻粉的形式进入你的系统的。 Unlike many other plant nutrients, Potassium does not occurat high enough levels in most fish feed to supply adequate amounts of potassiumto both your fish and your plants. This means that potassium is oftendeficient in aquaponic plants (if potassium isn’t supplemented). 和其他植物所需的营养元素不同，鱼食里的钾含量不足以满足鱼和植物的需要。这意味着在鱼菜共生系统里会经常发生植物缺钾的情况（如果没有补充钾的话）。 Wantto start growing commercially? Signup for a free commercial farming webinar here! Potassium in Aquaponics 鱼菜共生里的钾 Potassium is a fairly simple, soluble element in yoursystem. 在你的系统里，钾就是一种相当简单的可溶性元素。 Itis an important element for plants as well as animals. In fact, almostall life on earth needs potassium to survive. 它是对植物和鱼来说都很重要的一种元素。事实上，地球上几乎所有生物的生存都得依赖钾。 Because it’s simple, soluble and charged, potassium is animportant signaling ion, as well as a very simple and effective ion to controlthe osmotic potential of plant cells. 因为它简单、可溶而且带电，所以钾不仅是一种重要的信号离子，而且还是种能非常简单而有效的控制植物细胞渗透势的离子 Basically, the plant uses tiny pumps to move potassium fromone area to the next in order to “inflate” those cells with water. Watermoves from the cell with low potassium concentrations to the cells with higherconcentrations. This allows the plant to keep it’s tissues full of water,which is important since plants are mostly made of water. 大致说来，植物通过微小的生物泵把钾从一个区域移到另一个区域，以此来为细胞灌水。水从钾浓度较低的细胞移向钾浓度较高的细胞。这使得植物能使自身的组织充满水，因为植物的大部分由水组成，所以这点很重要。 It also allows the plant to do things like open tiny portsin the surface of the leaves (called stomates or stomata) to allow gas to enterand leave the plant leaves. It’s also a signaling molecule, meaning that theplant uses potassium to communicate between the different cells and parts ofthe plant. This helps plants grow and reproduce effectively, as well asmount defenses to diseases and pests. 这同时使植物能够在叶片表面开启微小的气孔，允许气体能够进入或离开植物的叶片。钾也是一种信号分子，植物利用钾来实现不同细胞以及植株不同部分之间的通信。这帮助植物能有效的生长和繁殖，同时增强植物对病虫害的抵抗力。 Potassium deficient plants are more susceptible to pests. 缺钾的植物更易受到害虫的侵害。 Last but not least, potassium is also very important to theprotein making process, and without proteins, plants cannot survive. 最后但同样重要的一点是，钾对于蛋白质的合成也是非常重要的，没有蛋白质，植物无法生存。 Fish also need potassium, and it’s typically in the top 10most important elements (by % of bodyweight) for growing fish. For thisreason, fish feed usually contains quite a bit of potassium. 鱼也需要钾，他通常是正在生长的鱼的体内最重要的十种元素之一（按占体重的百分比来说）。正因如此，鱼饲料通常含有不少的钾。 Unfortunately for aquaponic growers, feed is formulated tobe efficient- which means not including much more potassium than is necessaryfor the fish. In traditional aquaculture, in the best case scenario,excess potassium in the feed just goes to waste. 很不幸，对于鱼菜共生的种植者来说，饲料是按最有效的方式配制的——这意味着饲料里的钾只是为了满足鱼。在传统的水产养殖业，最好的情况是，饲料里多余的钾只是被浪费掉。 In the worst case scenario it can lead to other problems inthe system. This means that when traditional aquaculture feeds are usedin aquaponics, there just isn’t usually enough potassium to go around. For thisreason, potassium must almost always be supplemented in aquaponic systems-which brings us to the heart of the matter. . . 而比较糟糕的情况，则是引起系统出现其他问题。也就是说如果在鱼菜共生系统里使用传统水产养殖的饲料，钾通常是不够的。所以，钾几乎总是会被补充到鱼菜共生系统里，这把我们带到了问题的核心上来…… |
|
|
