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it(they),one(ones)和that(those)都可以用来代替上文提到过的名词，避免重复。既是高考命题的重点,也是难点。不少同学感到难以捉摸。下面就它们的一些基本用法归纳如下。 一. one和it 代词one和it都可以代替上文中提到的可数名词，但one指代的是与上文中提到的同类物（复数用ones,主格和宾格相同）；而it指代的是上文提到的同一物品（复数用they（主格）和them（宾格）。如： (1).Mary needs a new dictionary.She is going to buy ones. (2).The new designs are much better than the old ones. (3).I want this computer,but I can't pay for it. (4).A:Have you got any blue pencils? B:No,but I have red ones. A:May I use them? B:Yes,you may.They are in my desk. 二. one(ones)和that(those) 这几个代词都可以代替上文中提到的名词，但使用时应注意以下几点： 1.替代不可数名词时用that,或者省略不用名词，或者重复那个名词， 但不可用one来代替。 (5).If you haven't got fresh milk,I'll take some tinned (milk). (6).I prefer green tea to black (tea). (7).The water in that well is cleaner than that in this well. 2.替代单数可数名词时用one和that均可，但泛指用one(相当于a/an+ 名词）；特指时用that（相当于the+名词）。 (8).I haven't got a computer,and I've decided to buy one.（表泛指，one=a computer) (9).The computer is different from the one we are using.（表特指，the one 或that=the computer) 3. one(ones)可以有形容词等前置修饰语，也可以有后置修饰语（of短语除外）；而that(those)不能有前置修饰语，它（们）的修饰语只能后置。 (10).I don't want these green apples;I want the red ones. (11).A wide and busy road which was built like a bridge over another road fell onto the one below. (12).Many people were killed in their cars,but a few lucky ones were not hurt. 13.This machine is better than that we bought last year. 4.后跟of短语时，一般只能用that(those) (14).The light of the sun is much greater than that of the moon. 5.代替特指的可数名词时，若无前置定语，that或the one可以互换用。 (15).This film is more interesting than that(the one)we saw last night 高考试题再现: C 1.Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except____who had already taken them.(NMET'92) A.these B.ones C.the ones D.the others D2.I was disappointed with the film,I had expected ____to be much better.(NMET'93) A.that B.this C.one D.it D3.Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder,but___didn't help.(NMET'93) A.he B.which C.she D.it D4.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have___.(NMET'95) A.it B.those C.them D.one A5.I hate______when people talk with their mouths full.(NMET’98) A.it B.that C.these D.them C6.Few pleasures can equal___of a cool drink on a hot day.(NMET'99) A.some B.any C.that D.those C7.---Why don't we take a little break? ---Didn't we just have___?(NMET2000) A.it B.that C.one D.this B8.The Parkers bought a new house but_____will need a lot of work before they can move in.(NMET2001) A.they B.it C.one D.which A9.Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,______I will always treasure.(NMET2002) A.that B.one C.it D.what B10.The chairman thought____necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.(NMET2005) A.that B.it C.this D.him C11.If I can help _____, I don’t like working late into the night.(NMET2006) A.so B.that C.it D.them Key:CDDDA CCBABC |
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