过去分词作为非谓语动词的用法

1、过去分词作定语
Eg. We should pay attention to our spoken English.
注：单个过去分词作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之前, 和它所修饰的名词存在动宾(被动)关系。
Eg. This is one of the schools built in 1980.
= This is one of the schools which were built in 1980.
注：过去分词短语常放在它所修饰的名词之后，与被修饰的名词之间存在动宾关系，相当于一个定语从句，但是更简洁。
2、过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语
Eg. I found the small town changed a lot.
Eg. He wants the letter typed right away.
Eg. We must get our homework finished on time.
3、过去分词作状语
过去分词（短语）作状语，修饰谓语，常常表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等，相当于对应的状语从句。它和主句的主语存在动宾关系。
a、表示时间
Eg. Seen from space, the earth looks blue.
=When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.
b、表示条件
Eg. Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.
=If they are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.
c、表示原因
Eg. Deeply moved by the movie, the girls began to cry.
=As they were deeply moved by the movie, the girls began to cry.
d、表示伴随情况
Eg. She

walked out of the house, followed by her daughter.
= She walked out of the house, and was followed by her daughter.
e、表示让步
Eg. Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.
=Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.
4、过去分词（短语）作表语
Eg. The children were satisfied with his explanation.
Eg. She looked worried.
练习题：
1. — I ’m very thirsty.
— You’d better drink some ___ water.
A. boiling B. boil C. boiled D. to be boiled
2. Please don’t forget him. He is one of ___.
A. those invited B. invited those
C. those inviting D. inviting those
3. The rooms are ____, so you can’t move in.
A. painted B. painting
C. being painted D. to be painted
4. As soon as he entered the city, he ____.
A. was losing B. got losing
C. lost D. got lost
5. What he has done is really ____.Now his parents
are _____ him.
A. disappointing; disappointed at
B. disappointing; disappointed about
C. disappointing; disappointed with
D. disappointed; disappointing by
6._____ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving B. Receiving not
C. Not having received D. Having not received
7. ____in her new skirt, she tried to make herself ____at the party.
A. Dressed; noticed B. Dressing; noticed
C. Dressed; noticing D. Dressing; being noticing
8. ____ better attention, the vegetables could have grown better
A. Giving B. Given C. Give D. To give
9. Unless ___ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B. inviting
C. being invited D. having invited
10.____ by his teachers, he has made great progress in his lesson.
A. Helping B. To help
C. Help D. Helped
11. ____his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.
A. Knowing not B. Not known
C. Not knowing D. Not know
12. The old man walked in the street, ____.
A. following his son B. followed his son
C. and following his son D.following by his son
13. ___ a white sweater, she looks much more beautiful.
A. Dressing B. wearing
C. Dressed D. Having dressed
14. ___, the little boy is living a happy life.
A. Taking good care B. Taken good care
C. Having taken good care D. Taken good care of