2016-09-25 新东方英语 对于许多英语学习者来说,有一类词永远用不对,这类词就是冠词(a,anandthe),因为中文里没有对应的词。今天,东方君教你一招三式,轻松化解冠词使用大法。 招式一 可数名词(countablenoun)前面必须使用冠词或者限定词(Determiners:the, my, some, this,etc.),比如: I read a book.√ I read book. This is true even if there areadjectivesbefore the noun: He drives an old car.√ He drives old car. 招式二 复数名词(e.g. books, trees) 和不可数名词(e.g. water, advice)前面永远不要使用冠词,比如: I asked her for advice.√ I asked her for an advice. 注意: 不定冠词a用 在辅音音节(aconsonantsound,e.g.a horse, a carrot)开头的单词前面; 而不定冠词an用在元音音节(a vowel sound,e.g.an apple, an elephant)开头的单词前面。 招式三 掌握不定冠词(a/an)和定冠词(the)的最重要区别: 当不需要指出具体的事物时,用a/an;定冠词的用法则相反,指特定的事物(aspecificthing),比如: I caughta trainto London.(it doesn’t matterwhichtrain) The trainwas late.(that particular train was late) 我们使用a/an表示首次提到的事物(mentionedfor the first time);使用the表示所指事物很明确(specific),比如: He was talking toa man.The manwas laughing. She gave hima present.The presentwas very expensive. 同时,the也可以表示双方都很清楚其所指之物,或者所指之物有唯一性。比如: Could you shutthe door, please? I cleanedthe bathroomthis morning. He travelled aroundthe world. The sunis hot today. 另类大招 上述三大招式基本上能化解所有的冠词用法。但是,也有一些例外,东方君帮你列出来了,一定要记住哈。 另类大招一 一日三餐前不用a/an,比如: We had lunch at noon. 另类大招二 当我们谈及school, prison和college时,如果并没有特指某所学校/监狱/学院,而是泛指(in ageneralway),不用a/an。比如: I hope to go to college. He spent three years in prison. 另类大招三 提到hospital时,美国英语和英国英语又有所不同,区别如下: My brother’s in hospital(UK)/ in the hospital(US). 另类大招四 当提及那些我们经常去的服务型经营场所如shop、supermarket等,或者诸如此类的场所时,使用定冠词the。比如: I need to go to the supermarket. She went to the doctor’s. |
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