幽默需要用到孩子的语言能力等认知能力,所以让孩子好好学习语文,了解语言的博大精深后,运用起幽默技能来也会更加高级和迷人。一个幽默的人,还需要发散思维、灵活性以及对给出的刺激回应多种新奇的反馈。 但是,具体来看, 一些看起来能让自己变得幽默的技巧,实际上是无根之水,一个拥有好的幽默感的人,从根本上说,都有着健康积极的人格,否则幽默也只能变成嘲讽型或者自贬型的无益幽默。 《马男波杰克》中波杰克的不健康的幽默方式与波杰克的原生家庭有很大的关系,父母关系不好、对孩子缺少应有的关怀和爱、并不尊重孩子的自尊和独立,等等等等。这样的家庭方式是滋生不健康幽默方式的温床。即使这样的孩子很幽默,但是他的幽默也会让人觉得十分不舒服。 所以如果想让自己的宝贝变成一个具有幽默感的人,最根本的是给孩子创造一个良好的环境,让孩子的人格健康发展。 当面对挫折和逆境的时候, 我们首先做到不去夸大、不郁郁寡欢,而是用一种积极乐观的态度来面对,就可以让孩子学到换一种角度来看待问题。 身教的作用远大于言传,让孩子学会乐观的看待生活中的如意和不如意,孩子信念中就会种下幽默和乐观的影子,这个影子反过来也会对孩子的健康人格培养有积极影响。[1]刘文, 邹丽娜, 李亮. 幼儿幽默感结构和发展特点[J]. 心理学探新, 2009, 29(1):58-63. [2]蔡辉, & 尹星. (2005). 西方幽默理论研究综述. 外语研究(1), 5-8. [3]林崇德, 杨治良, 黄希庭 (主编). (2003). 心理学大辞典(p.1582). 上海:上海教育出版社. [4]Bartolo, A., Benuzzi, F., Nocetti, L., Baraldi, P., & Nichelli, P. (2006). Humor comprehension and appreciation: an fmri study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 18(11), 1789-98. [5]Bozikas, V. P., Kosmidis, M. H., Giannakou, M., Anezoulaki, D., Petrikis, P., & Fokas, K., et al. (2007). Humor appreciation deficit in schizophrenia: the relevance of basic neurocognitive functioning. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 195(4), 325-31. [6]Edwards, K. R., Martin, R. A., & Edwards, K. R. (2010). Humor creation ability and mental health: are funny people more psychologically healthy?. Europes Journal of Psychology, 6(3). [7]Eyesenck.The appreciation of humor:An experimental and theoretical study.Journal of Psychology,1942,32:295-309. [8]Kazarian, S. S., & Martin, R. A. (2004). Humour styles, personality, and well-being among lebanese university students. European Journal of Personality, 18(3), 209-219. [9]Martin, R. A., Puhlik-Doris, P., Larsen, G., Gray, J., & Weir, K. (2003). Individual differences in uses of humor and their relation to psychological well-being: development of the humor styles questionnaire. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(1), 48-75. [10]Masten, A. S. (1986). Humor and competence in school-aged children. Child Development, 57(2), 461-73. [11]Millicent H. Abel. (2002). “humor, stress, and coping strategies.”. Humor - International Journal of Humor Research, 15(4), 365-381. [12]Nwokah, E. E., Burnette, S. E., & Graves, K. N. (2013). Joke telling, humor creation, and humor recall in children with and without hearing loss. Humor - International Journal of Humor Research, 26(1), 595-599. [13]Reddy, V. (2001). Infant clowns: the interpersonal creation of humor in infancy. Enfance; psychologie, pédagogie, neuropsychiatrie, sociologie, 53(3). [14]Ruch, W. (1999). The sense of humor:, explorations of a personality characteristic. Humor International Journal of Humor Research, 12(3), 327-333. [15]Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014). Positive psychology: an introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5-14. WILLIBALD RUCH. (1994). Temperament, eysenck’s pen system, and humor-related traits. Humor - International Journal of Humor Research, 7(3), 209-244. [16]Yip, J. A., & Martin, R. A. (2006). Sense of humor, emotional intelligence, and social competence. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(6), 1202-1208.
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