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四六级翻译的特点 首先、四六级翻译内容多为中国文化传统。 比如13年12月真题中就出现： 中国结、手工艺人、团聚、祈求好运、辟邪、帝王、瑰宝、中国园林、园林景观、皇室成员、微缩景观、假山、山水画卷、 造纸、火药、 福、和、指南针、 印刷术、 瓷器等等，看似很难很难无从下手，但其实只有：中国结、帝王、中国园林、 造纸、火药、 福、和、指南针、 印刷术、 瓷器这些的翻译比较固定，而其他的词或短语则可以灵活地变通。比如 “皇室成员”不是只有the royal family这样高大上的翻译，也可以译为：the emperor’s family，或者the king’s family. 当然要想灵活自如，备战过程中背诵积累是必不可缺的。 其次、四六级翻译的特点在于重复性。
因为是介绍性的文章，而且内容关于中国传统文化，一些表达不可避免的会反复出现，比如：“在古代，人们用它来……，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的”、“在中文里意味着爱情丶婚姻和团聚”、“……常常作为礼物交换或作用饰品祈求好运和辟邪”、“……在中国各地差别很大”、“相传， 中国的……于五千年前发现了……，在明清期间， 遍布全国， 在六世纪传到……”。这些句子具有重复出现的特点，介绍中国各种传统习俗都频繁用到。所以我们可以把这些表达的英文变成模板句子进行背诵。 例如：
春节 春节是中国最重要，也是最热闹的古老节日之一。春节象征着团结、兴旺以及对未来寄予新的希望。据记载，中国人过春节已有四千多年的历史。中同是个多民族的国家，各民族（nationality）过春节的形式各有不同。但是无论在中国的哪个地方，人们都会在春节期间全家团圆，吃年糕(New Year cake)，饺子以及各种丰盛的饭菜。人们张灯结彩，燃放鞭炮，并互相祝福。 The Spring Festival In China, the Spring Festival is one of the mostsignificant and lively ancient festivals, whichsymbolizes unity, prosperity and new hopes for thefuture. It is recorded that the custom of celebratingthe Spring Festival has lasted for more than 4,000 years. As a multi-ethnic country, differentnationalities in China have various ways of celebrating the Spring Festival. However, wherever inChina, people will have a family reunion during the festival, eating New Year cakes, dumplingsand various hearty meals, decorating the houses with lanterns and festoons, setting offfirecrackers and blessing each others. 最后，英译中灵活性很大，小说诗歌等翻译也很灵活。
但是四六级考的是中译英，特别是介绍性文章，有它固定的技巧，比如切分句子，添加主语，主语为“我们/人们”直接变被动，定语的三类翻译方法，四六级翻译不求“雅”，抓住这些基本的技巧，做到“信”和“达”就可以笑傲考场。 一、词义选择法 【例句】人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联…… 【翻译】And doors will be decorated with red couplets... 【解析】对联是couplets，“粘贴”比较难译，有同学会想到put up 或post up”张贴”，但这样一来，“贴对联”的含义就很难表达贴切。其实贴对联就是用对联来装饰门楣，因此这里用了“decorate”表意更贴切。
二、词类转换法 例如，英语语法规则要求一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词，大量原来应该由动词表达的概念，常需借助于名词，因为名词比较不受形态规则变化的束缚，使用相对灵活、方便。
【例句】各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异。 【翻译】 Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place. 【 解析】“欢度”一次本是动词，但如果英文中也用动词来表达，则整个句子的结构就不好处理，所以英文译文中用了“celebration”来表达，这就使得整个句子表述更加通顺、地道。
三、增词译法
【例文】但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。 【翻译】 However, New Year’s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner. 【解析】这句译文中增添了for，to等介词，因为这些介词是连接英语句子的重要纽带。英语中还增译了“an occasion”这个名词，用来说明“除夕夜”这个特别的时刻，显示了中国人对于除夕夜的重视。 翻译、写作59个经典表达
2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/steady growth of people's living standard 3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology 4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges 5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/recognized that… 6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development 7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/draw public attention 8.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/There is no denying that… 9.热烈的讨论/争论 a heated discussion/debate 10 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue 11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument 12.就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on… 13.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons 14.双方的论点 argument on both sides 15.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in… 16.对…必不可少 be indispensable to … 17.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes: 18.…也不例外 …be no exception 19.对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/negative effects on… 20.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages 21.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon 22.竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation 23. 开阔眼界 widen one's horizon/broaden one's vision 24.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills 25.经济/心理负担 financial burden/psychological burden 26.考虑到诸多因素take many factors into account/consideration 27. 从另一个角度 from another perspective 28.做出共同努力 make joint efforts 29. 对…有益 be beneficial to… 30.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society 31.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for… 32.无可非议 blameless/beyond reproach 33.致力于/ 投身于 be committed/devoted to… 34. 应当承认 Admittedly, 35.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty 36.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information 37.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources 38.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life 39.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress 40.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology 41.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue 42.支持前/后种观点的人 people/those in favor of the former/latter opinion 43.有/提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/evidence 44. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice 45. …必然趋势 an irresistible trend 46.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition 47.眼前利益 immediate interest/short-term interest 48.长远利益 interest in the long run 49.…有其自身的优缺点 … has its merits and demerits/advantages and disadvantages 50.扬长避短 exploit to the full one's favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones 51.取其精髓，取其糟粕 take the essence and discard the dregs. 52.对…有害 do harm to/be harmful to/be detrimental to 53.交流思想/情感/信息 exchange ideas/emotions/information 54.跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with/catch up with/keep abreast with the latest development of … 55.采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth. 56.…的健康发展 the healthy development of … 57.有利有弊 every coin has its two sides 58.对…观点因人而异 views on …vary from person to person 59.重视 attach great importance to… 翻译常用基本句型 1)It is+形容词+that
It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演着一个重要的角色。
2)It is+形容词+to do/ doing
She had said what it was necessary to say.
她已经说了一切有必要说的话。
3)祈使句/名词+and/ or
Work hard， and you will finally be able to reach your destination.
努力工作，你就能实现自己的目标。
4)as+many/ much+名词+as
It is said that visitors spend only half as much money in a day in Leeds as in Lon-don.
据说，游客每天在利兹的花销仅为在伦敦的一半。
5)倍数词+as+形容词+as
The reservoir is three times as big as it was ten years ago.
这个水库的面积是十年前三倍。
6) 倍数词+ more +名词/形容词十than
Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills seven times more people each year than automobile accidents.
吸烟对人体健康的危害极大，每年死于吸烟的人比死于车祸的人多七倍。
7)(not)as/ so...as(和……(不)一样)
The environmental problems are not as serious as they suggested in their report.
环境问题没有他们在报告中说得那么严重。
8)no more...than(与……一样不)
She is no more fit to be a manager than a schoolgirl would be
一个女学生固然不宜当经理，她也同样不宜。
9)Nothing is more...than(没有比……更……的；……是最……的)
Nothing is more important thanto receive education.
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
10)感官动词+of+名词
They hurriedly escaped into a cave that smelt of terror.
他们仓皇地逃人一个充满恐怖气氛的山洞。
11)without/ not so much as(甚至没有)
Disappointed with her husband，Mary left home without so much as looking back at him.
出于对丈夫的失望，玛丽离开了家，甚至都没有回头看他一眼。
12)may/ might as well(…as)(与其……还不如……)
One may as well not know a thing at all as know but imperfectly.
与其一知半解还不如彻底蒙在鼓里。
13)too...to(太……而不能……；极其地)
It was not too bright of them to settle in an area where earthquakes frequently occur
他们选择在地震多发的地区定居，这可不是个明智的决定。
14)only to find/ see(结果却；没想到会)
He spent almost all his money to buy the hen which was said to be able to lay gold eggs， only to find it could not lay eggs at all.
为了买那只据说能下金蛋的母鸡，他几乎倾家荡产，没想到这只鸡根本不会下蛋。
15)It is undoubted that/ There is no doubt that(毫无疑问，……)
There is no doubt that war can be avoided if we get down to peace talk.
毫无疑问，如果我们肯认真和谈就能避免战争。
16)rather than(而不是……)
Rather than pursue money to achieve happiness，we should focus on the improvement of ourselves.
我们应该集中精力改善自我，而不是追求金钱的享乐。
17)not... until(直到……才)
We can't release the film until we have the approval from the authority concerned.
直到获得有关当局的批准我们才能发行那部电影。
18)so/ such(…)that(如此……以至于)
With the rumor spreading fast， their anxiety was such that they could not sleep/they became so anxious that they could not sleep.
在谣言迅速散播的情况下，他们焦虑异常，无法人睡。
19)(The) chances are that(很可能……)
Chances are thatshe has already known it， and there is no need for us to keep the secret.
她很可能已经知道了，所以我们没有必要再保守这个秘密。
20)It occurred to sb. that(突然想到……)
It had never occurred to Cinderella she would become a princess someday.
辛德瑞拉从来没有想到她会成为一位王妃。
21)not...but...(不是……而是……)
To our disappointment， the plan caused not development but destruction.
让我们失望的是，这个计划带来的不是进步而是破坏。
22)It is taken for granted that(……被认为是理所当然的)
It has been taken for granted that women should take on all the housework.
多年来人们一直认为女性做家务是理所当然的。
23)It is/ was said that(据说)
It is said that man is the least biologically determined species of all because he possesses features absent in other natural species.
据说人类是生物学上最难归类的物种，因为人类拥有其他天然物种所缺乏的特性。
24)When it comes to...(提及，当提到……的时候)
When it comes to physics， I know nothing.
谈到物理学，我一无所知。
25)be not much of a...(是个不太好的……)
Mike is not much of a teacher for he often skips from one subject to another.
麦克不是个好老师，因为他总是从一个话题跳转到另一个话题。
26)As far as sb./sth. is concerned(就……而言，在……看来)
As far as I am concerned， fashion belongs to women.
在我看来，时尚是属于女性的。
27)not only...but also(不但……而且……)
Shakespeare is not only a great playwright but also a brilliant poet.
莎士比亚不仅是一位伟大的剧作家而且是一位才华横溢的诗人。
28)(n) either...(n) or...(既不……也不……；或者……或者……)
Liking neither the story nor the background music， he fell asleep in the cinema.
他既不喜欢故事情节也不喜欢背景音乐， 所以在电影院里睡着了。
29)no sooner than/ hardly when/ scarcely when(刚……就……)
I had hardly opened the door when he rushed in.
我刚开门他就冲进来了。
30)the more…the more(越……越……)
The fastera country’s economy develops， the slower its population grows.
一个国家的经济发展越快，它的人口增长就越慢。 |
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