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17个后接to do sth相当于doing sth的动词

 昵称2074006 2017-01-04

后接to do sth相当于doing sth的动词有以下17个:

attempt, bother, cease, commence, continue, decline, endure, forbear, intend, neglect, omit, propose, scorn, be accustomed to, be committed to, can’t bear, can’t stand动词(短语)。


以下是英文词典的一些相关例证。

1.attempt试图

《文馨当代英汉词典》第115页attempt词条1

尝试,企图,试图(常含有结果失败之意)

The prisoners attempted to escape, but failed. 那些囚犯试图逃走,但失败了。

He attempted breakingthe world record. 他试图打破世界纪录。

《英语常用词用法·详解大词典》(席玉虎主编)第294页attempt词条

attempt后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词作宾语,动词不定式或动名词做宾语所表达的意思几乎相同,但由于习惯,用不定式时较多些。



2.bother

《COBUILD英汉双解词典》第204页bother词条1

bother费心;费事(通常用于否定句或问句)

I never bother to iron my shirts. 我从不费心熨烫我的衬衫。

Why bother learning all those facts? 何必费心去记住所有那些事实呢?

《牛津英语语法要点精讲》(John Eastwood英)编著第203页103

既可以接待to不定式也可以接动名词的动词 A

有时动词后用带to不定式还是用动名词取决于语义。但是某些动词既可以接待to不定式也可以接动名词,意义几乎没有区别。

I hate to leave/hate leaving everything to the last minute.

我讨厌把什么事情都留到最后一刻。

We intend to take/intend taking immediate action. 我们打算立即采取行动。

It suddenly started to rain/started raining. 突然下起了雨。

这类动词有:

begin, bother, can’t bear, cease, commence, continue, hate, intend, like, have, prefer, propose, can’t stand以及start。

但是这些动词通常要避免和两个-ing形式一起用。

The spectators were already beginning to arrive. 观众已开始陆续到来。

(不说The spectators were already beginning arriving.)

在begin, continue和start后面的状态动词通常用带to不定式形式。

I soon began to understand what the problems were.

我很快就开始理解问题出在哪里。

注意

a cease (=停止)和commence(=开始)是正式用语。

b 通常bother用于否定句或疑问句。

Don’t bother to wash up/Don’t bother washing up. 别费心洗餐具了。

Why should we bother to call/bother callinga meeting if no one will come to it?

如果没人愿意来,我们为什么还要费心召集会议呢?



3.cease

《COBUILD英汉双解词典》第287页cease词条2

cease(正式)停止;不再(做某事)

Once people retire they automatically cease to be union members.

人们一退休便自动停止工会会籍。

He forced the vicar to cease making such remarks. 他强迫牧师不再说这样的话。

《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第五版第368页cease词条

(正式)停止,终止,结束

cease to do sth

He ceased to be a number of the association. 他不再是该协会的会员。

cease doing sth

the decision to cease using CFCs in packaging 停止在包装材料中使用氯氟烃的决定

在日常英语中,人们一般使用stop,而不用cease:

They have stopped using CFCs in packaging. (译文同上)

The rain stopped just as the fireworks began. 烟火表演开始的时候雨正好停了。



4.commence

《英汉多功能学习词典》第308页commence词条

commence(正式)开始,着手(比start, begin生硬的词)commence doing开始做(很少用to do)

commence the meeting开始开会

commence studying economics开始研究经济学

《英语常用词用法·详解大词典》(席玉虎主编)第737页commence词条

commence可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,后面可接名词、动名词或动词不定式。接动名词和接动词不定式所表达的意思相同,接动名词属于正式用法,多用于书面语;接不定式属非正式用法,多用于口语。



5.continue

《COBUILD英汉双解词典》第404页continue词条1

continue继续(做某事)

I continued to support the party in elections. 我在选举中继续支持了该党。

The orchestra continued to play. 管弦乐队继续演奏。

One continues to learn things in life. 人一生中在不断地学习各种事物。

He continued talking. 他继续讲话。

《英汉多功能学习词典》第337页continue词条5

continue to do/continue doing继续做

She continued to work/working despite the nose. 她不顾吵闹坚持工作下去。



6.decline

《文馨当代英汉词典》第486页decline词条

decline vt.拒绝,婉谢,谢绝(一般用decline to do

She has declined the invitation. 她已谢绝邀请。

He declined my offer. 她婉拒我的提议。

He declined to discussthe matter. 他拒绝讨论那件事。

He declined joining us. 他拒绝加入我们。

《现代英语用法词典》(张道真主编 修订版)第342页decline词条

decline婉言谢绝,不肯(接受)跟不定式;跟名词;偶跟动名词

He declined to say more about it.

The court declined to review the case.

They declined further comment on the proposal.

He declined going.



7.endure

《文馨当代英汉词典》第616页endure词条

endure vt. ( 宾/ to do/ doing)(常用于否定句)忍耐;容忍;忍受

endure pain忍受痛苦

I cannot endure the noise. 我无法容忍那噪音。

What can’t be cured must be endured. 无能为力之事只得忍耐。

He could not endure to see her suffer. 他不能忍受看到她受苦。

I can’t endure seeing small children abused. 我不能容忍小孩子受到虐待。

《英汉多功能学习词典》第509页endure词条2

endure ( to do/doing)(主要用于否定句)(人)容忍

I can not endure to listen (listening) to your complaints.

= I can not endure your complaints. 听你发老师,我可受不了。



8.forbear

《英汉多功能学习词典》第606页forbear词条

forbear(正式)克制,自制

She could not forbear crying/to cry. 她禁不住哭了。

forbear from expressing one’s surprise忍着不表现出惊奇

(通常说forbear to express one’s surprise)

《葛传槼英语惯用法词典》第251页forbear词条

forbear(自制)后面接不定式,动名词或from和动名词。

例如:You must forbear to complain (complaining,或from complaining) of that.

用from不普通。

cannot forbear和could not forbear后面通常接不定式,如

I cannot forbear to go into detail。也可以接动名词。

例如:I cannot forbear laughing.



9.intend

《牛津英语用法指南》(第三版)第441页299.11

attempt, intend, continue, can’t bear, be accustomed to, be committed to

在这类词语或表达方式之后,一般既可以用-ing形式,也可以用动词不定式,意思没有明显区别。

I intend telling/to tell her what I think. 我打算告诉她我的想法。

《文馨当代英汉词典》第980页intend词条1

intend想,打算,存心,意欲,意图

He had intended to become a doctor. 他已经打算当医师。

He intended to have become a doctor. 他本来打算当医师。

( have 过去分词,表示意图未实现)

I still intended staying longer. 我仍然打算待久一点。

intend doingintend to do大致同义,但较罕见,而尤用于强调所意图的行为



10.neglect

《文馨当代英汉词典》第1237页neglect词条2

neglect ( to do/ doing)遗漏,忽略(to dodoing可互换)

He neglected to reply to the letter. 他忽略了回复那封信。

Don’t neglect telephoning her this evening. 今晚别忘了打电话给她。

《现代英语用法词典》(张道真主编 修订版)第973页neglect词条2

neglect(由于疏忽)没做(某事);忘了(做某事)(跟不定式或动名词)

You’ve neglected to clean your shoes this morning.

He neglected to return the book.

I’d neglected to give him the name of the hotel where I’d be staying.

You’ve neglected to mention an important fact.

Don’t neglect to lock (locking) the door when you leave.

Don’t neglect writing to your mother.



11.omit

《文馨当代英汉词典》第1287页omit词条

omit省略,省去,略去;漏掉,遗漏,忘记;疏忽,忽略

omit to doomit doing可以互换,(英)尤用omit to do

We omitted to tellhim. 我们忘了告诉他。

He omitted preparing his lessons yesterday. 他昨天疏于准备功课。

《英汉多功能学习词典》第1030页omit词条

omit doing/to do遗漏,疏忽,忘记(做

I omitted to ask (asking) him how much it was. 我忘了问他价钱。

She omitted to say goodbye. 她忘了说再见。



12.be accustomed to

《葛传槼英语惯用法词典》第19页accustomed词条2.

accustomed后面接不定式也有。例如:I am accustomed to do hard work. 接to合动名词也很普通,跟不定式意思相同。例如:I am accustomed to doing hard work. 大概说简单的行为多用to和动名词,说复杂些的行为多用不定式。例如:

I am accustomed to riding.

I am accustomed to ride for an hour every morning.

I am accustomed to speaking English.

I am accustomed to speak English in public.

《英汉多功能学习词典》第16页accustomed词条

accustomed(用于动词后)习惯的,适应了的(to…, to doing)

I soon got/became accustomed to speaking in public. 我很快就习惯当众讲话了。

I’m accustomed to getting up early. 我习惯于早起。(to get up…为非规范)



13.be committed to

《牛津英语用法指南》(第三版)第441页299.11

attempt, intend, continue, can’t bear, be accustomed to,be committed to

在这类词语或表达方式之后,一般既可以用-ing形式,也可以用动词不定式,意思没有明显区别。

《英汉多功能学习词典》第310页commit词条

He committed himself to helping her.

He was committed to helping her.

He made a commitment to helping her.

他答应帮助她。

有时可用动词不定式,说to help her。



14.can’t bear

《葛传槼英语惯用法词典》第84页bear词条5.(4)

只有bear后面可以接不定式和动名词,如I cannot bear to leave alone和I cannot bear leaving him alone。也只有bear后面可以接宾语和不定式。例如:I cannot bear you to be left alone. 但也有人说I cannot bear for you to be left alone。

17个后接to do sth相当于doing sth的动词

《朗文英语语法》(L. G. 亚历山大编著)第584页16.57

动词 不定式或“-ing”形式:意义不变

有些动词可后跟不定式也可后跟-ing形式。有时意义上没有多大变化或者根本没有变化,有时则有变化。

下列动词可以带不定式或者-ing形式而意义不变,如attempt(企图), begin(开始), can’t bear(忍受不了), cease(停止), commence(开始), continue(继续), intend(意欲), omit(省略)和start(开始):

I can’t bear to see/seeing people suffering. 我不忍看忍受折磨。

在can’t bear之后,不定式之前可以用宾格;-ing形式前可以用宾格或所有格:

I can’t bear you to shoutin that way. 我不能容忍你那样喊叫。

I can’t bear you/your shouting in that way. (译文同上)



15.propose(本条目发过,此处罗列两处)

《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第五版第2010页propose词条

propose词条1(正式)提议,建议

In his speech he proposed that the UN should set up an emergency centre for the environment.

在演讲中他建议联合国建议一个环境应急中心。

propose doing sth

The report also proposes extending the motorway.

那份报告还建议扩建这条高速公路。

不要说propose someone something,而要说propose something。

He proposed a compromise (不说He proposed me a compromise). 他建议和解。

在日常英语中,表示某人提出计划、想法等,人们一般说 put forward,而不说propose:

The idea was first put forward by a German scientist.

这个想法最早是有一位德国科学家提出的。

propose词条4(正式)打算,计划

propose to do sth

How does he propose to deal with the situation? 他打算如何应付这种局面?

propose doing sth

We still don’t know how the company proposes raising the money.

我们仍然不知道公司准备如何筹集资金。

《葛传槼英语惯用法词典》第461页propose词条

propose(意欲)后面接不定式或动名词都可以。例如:

I propose to write(或writing)a complete grammar. 用不定式比用动名词普通。

propose(提议)后面接不定式或动名词都可以。例如:

We propose to abolish(或abolishing)all weapons of mass destruction.

也可以接以that引导的从句,那从句里用should或虚拟现在式。例如:

I propose that a series of discussions (should) be started at once. 和I proposed that a series of discussion (should) be started at once. 第一句里的should改作shall也可以。



16.scorn

《英汉多功能词典》(外研社双色版)第1879页scorn词条

scorn: vt. 鄙视,(轻蔑地)拒绝;不屑于(to do/doing)做…

He scorned my suggestion. 他对我的建议嗤之以鼻。

He scorned to ask (asking) for help. 他不屑于请求援助。

《英语常用词用法·详解大词典》(席玉虎主编)第2703页scorn词条

scorn用作及物动词,其后可接名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词作宾语。

The manager scorned to take a bribe. 经理不屑接受贿赂。

She scorned to tell a lie. 她不屑于说谎。

He scorned to bow down to the idol. 他不屑崇拜偶像。

He scorned asking for help. 他不屑请求帮助。

The judge scorned taking a bribe. 法官不屑接受贿赂。



17.can’t stand

《英汉多功能词典》(外文社第2版)第1039页stand词条(5)

当stand作“容忍,忍受”解时,一般只能用在否定句或疑问句中,常与cannot, could not, will not等连用,其后既可接动词不定式,也可接动名词。

《英汉多功能学习词典》第1406页stand词条15

stand to do/doing(通常用于疑问句或否定句)忍受,容忍(不能用于被动语态和进行时态)

She could not stand (bear) him. 她无法容忍他。

I can’t stand to hear the child crying. 听到那孩子哭,我受不了。

He could never stand seeing a woman cry. 他从来看不得女人哭。

《朗文当代英语大辞典》(新版)第1838页stand1词条2

stand(一般口)不能忍受(某人或某物)

can’t stand to see/hear/do etc

I can’t stand to see good food going to waste.我不能忍受看到好好的食物被浪费。

can’t stand see/hear/doing etc

Lily can’t stand working in an office.在办公室工作,莉莉受不了。

can’t stand sb/sth doing

I can’t stand people dropping litter. 我讨厌人们乱扔垃圾。

《韦氏高阶英语词典》第1597页stand词条12

a) stand: to be willing or able to accept (something or someone unpleasant) without complaint—usually used with can, can’t, cannot, could, and couldn’t

Can you stand (=tolerate, put up with) waiting a few more minutes?

= Can you stand to wait a few more minutes?

b) stand—used to say that someone dislikes a person or thing

I can’t stand him. (= I hate him)

She can’t stand cooking. = She can’t stand to cook.

They can’t stand being apart.

I can’t stand it when people behave like that!



2017年1月3日 (有不当之处,请指正)

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