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经络系统是针灸学的理论基础，以往的经络分类法，强调经脉、络脉在经络系统中的重要性，但忽视了经筋的临床价值。为此重温《内经》，对比《灵枢·经脉》《灵枢·经筋》经文，经脉与经筋，其生理功能、病理特性，诊治方法各不相同。筋病、脉病不分，不利于经筋病的临床诊疗，同时也妨碍了针灸学中有关经筋理论的弘扬与发展。由此提出“筋脉系统”假说，将与营血相关、具有输送气血、传递信息的十二经脉、奇经八脉、十五络脉等，称为脉络系统；而将与卫气相关、具有主管运动、保卫机体的十二经筋、十二皮部等，称为筋皮系统。 十二经脉 奇经八脉 脉络系统 十五络脉 筋脉系统 十二经别 十二经筋 筋皮系统 十二皮部
临证将筋脉病分为二类，即脉络病与筋皮病，辨病随证施治。筋皮病，无感得气，筋针浅刺，调畅卫气，舒皮柔筋治之；脉络病，有感得气，刺络放血，调补营血，疏通脉络治之。方能有的放矢，增强疗效。
Ahypothesis of “sinew-meridian system” Nong-YuLIU TheSecond School of Clinical Medicine, The Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Abstract： Meridianand collateral system is one of the basis of acupuncture doctrine. Thetraditional doctrine emphasized important roles of meridian vessel andcollateral vessel, but not sinew-meridian. By studying Huangdi’sInternal Classic, particularly two chapters of meridianand sinew-meridian in MiraculousPivot, we revealed that meridian and sinew-meridian presented differentcharacteristic in physiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment. To facilitateclinical practice and promote acupuncture doctrine development, we firstlyraised the “sinew-meridian system” hypothesis to classify diseases according tothe malfunction of meridian or sinew-meridian. The“sinew-meridian system” contains (1) “meridian” system,which is governed by nutrient-qi and blood, and comprises ofthe twelve meridians, eight extra meridians, and fifteen collateral vessels,and (2) “sinew and cutaneous” system, which is governed by defense-qi, andcomprises of the twelve meridian sinews and twelve cutaneous regions. Keywords:meridian and collateral system, sinew-meridian system, meridian and collateralstudy, meridian, meridian sinew 此文详见《中国针灸》2017年第1期79-83页 |
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