Table 1. Amino acid standards for sows and weaners, g digestible per MJ ME 表一、母猪和断奶猪的氨基酸标准，克（可消化）/兆焦代谢能 |
| Sows母猪 | Weaners 断奶仔猪 |
| Gestant 妊娠 | Nursing* 哺乳 | 3-5 weeks 周 6-9 kg | 5-8 weeks 周 9-20 kg | 5-11 weeks 周 9-30 kg | 20-30 kg | Lysine 赖氨酸 | 0.26 | 0.48 | 0.87 | 0.82 | 0.78 | 0.74 | Methionine 蛋氨酸 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.28 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.23 | Methionine+cystine 蛋+胱氨酸 | 0.26 | 0.29 | 0.46 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.41 | Threonine 苏氨酸 | 0.24 | 0.31 | 0.52 | 0.49 | 0.48 | 0.46 | Tryptophan 色氨酸 | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.13 | Isoleucine 异亮氨酸 | 0.24 | 0.34 | 0.50 | 0.47 | 0.46 | 0.42 | Leucine 亮氨酸 | 0.21 | 0.56 | 0.87 | 0.82 | 0.80 | 0.76 | Histidine 组氨酸 | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.25 | Phenylalanine 苯丙氨酸 | 0.15 | 0.29 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.42 |
表一和表二中的营养标准说明了保证最佳生产的必需的最小估计需要量。其中断奶猪、生长猪和育肥猪的营养标准计算的基础是近似的采食量。 Table 1. Amino acid standards for sows and weaners, g digestible per MJ ME 表一、母猪和断奶猪的氨基酸标准，克（可消化）/兆焦代谢能 |
| Sows母猪 | Weaners 断奶仔猪 |
| Gestant 妊娠 | Nursing* 哺乳 | 3-5 weeks 周 6-9 kg | 5-8 weeks 周 9-20 kg | 5-11 weeks 周 9-30 kg | 20-30 kg | Lysine 赖氨酸 | 0.26 | 0.48 | 0.87 | 0.82 | 0.78 | 0.74 | Methionine 蛋氨酸 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.28 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.23 | Methionine+cystine 蛋+胱氨酸 | 0.26 | 0.29 | 0.46 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.41 | Threonine 苏氨酸 | 0.24 | 0.31 | 0.52 | 0.49 | 0.48 | 0.46 | Tryptophan 色氨酸 | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.13 | Isoleucine 异亮氨酸 | 0.24 | 0.34 | 0.50 | 0.47 | 0.46 | 0.42 | Leucine 亮氨酸 | 0.21 | 0.56 | 0.87 | 0.82 | 0.80 | 0.76 | Histidine 组氨酸 | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.25 | Phenylalanine 苯丙氨酸 | 0.15 | 0.29 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.42 | Phenylalanine+tyrosine 苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸 | 0.29 | 0.56 | 0.96 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.84 | Valine缬氨酸 | 0.28 | 0.40 | 0.61 | 0.58 | 0.56 | 0.53 | Crude protein, min. 粗蛋白，最小量 | 7.20 | 8.80 | 12.40 | 12.00 | 11.84 | 11.60 | * If it is not possible to achieve an average feed intake in the nursing period of at least 74.88 MJ ME per day, it may be necessary to increase the amino acid content per MJ ME by 8% for all amino acids. *如果哺乳母猪的平均日采食量达不到74.88兆焦代谢能，那么所有的必须氨基酸必须增加8%/兆焦代谢能。 |
Table 2. Amino acid standards for growing pigs and finishers, g digestible per MJ ME 表二、生长育肥猪的氨基酸标准，克（可消化）/兆焦代谢能 | Weight interval, kg 体重，公斤 | 20-45 | 30-45 | 30-55 | 45-65* 25-100 | 55-75* 45-100 | 55-100 | 65-100 | 75-100 | Lysine 赖氨酸 | 0.70 | 0.63 | 0.62 | 0.59 | 0.57 | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.51 | Methionine 蛋氨酸 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.15 | Meth.+cyst. 蛋+胱氨酸 | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.30 | Threonine 苏氨酸 | 0.44 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.39 | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.36 | 0.35 | Tryptophan 色氨酸 | 0.13 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | Isoleucine 异亮氨酸 | 0.40 | 0.37 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.30 | Leucine 亮氨酸 | 0.72 | 0.67 | 0.66 | 0.65 | 0.62 | 0.61 | 0.59 | 0.57 | Histidine 组氨酸 | 0.24 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.19 | Phenylalanine 苯丙氨酸 | 0.41 | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.31 | Phen.+tyrosine 苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸 | 0.80 | 0.74 | 0.72 | 0.69 | 0.66 | 0.65 | 0.63 | 0.61 | Valine 缬氨酸 | 0.50 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.39 | 0.38 | Crude protein, min 粗蛋白，最小量 | 11.20 | 10.80 | 10.64 | 10.40 | 10.16 | 10.00 | 9.76 | 9.44 | · The short weight intervals apply to phase feeding · 小体重范围适用于阶段饲养 |
Tables 1 and 2 denote limits for content of crude protein. If the minimum limits for protein are met, a sufficient supply is normally ensured of the last six amino acids that are not normally added to the feed in synthetic form. In all mixes with a lower content of protein than stipulated in the standards, it must be ensured that the standards for all 11 amino acids are met. 表一和表二中粗蛋白含量为最低需要量。如果满足了蛋白质的最低需要量，必须保证足够的最后6种氨基酸供应量，正常情况下饲料中不添加这6种合成氨基酸。对照氨基酸标准含有最低蛋白质量的混合饲料中，必须保证按标准满足这11种氨基酸。 Table 3 shows the effect of a 5% lower content of the first limiting amino acid [1]. 对照表二所列第一限制性氨基酸含量下降5%的效果如表三所示。 Table 3. The effect of the first limiting amino acid 表三、第一限制性氨基酸的效果 | 5% lower content means: 含量低5%表示 | Weaners, 7-30 kg 断奶猪，7-35公斤 | Finishers, 30-100 kg 生长育肥猪，25-95公斤 | Daily gain, g 日增重，克 | -14 | -15 | Increased feed consumption, per kg gain 采食量增加量，/Kg增重 | 0.04 | 0.05 | Lean meat %, percentage unit 瘦肉率% | - | -0.3 |
表四和表五中矿物质的营养标准表示为饲料中矿物质总含量。 Table 4. Mineral nutrient standards for sows and weaners, total amount per MJ ME 表四、母猪和断奶仔猪的矿物质营养标准，总量/兆焦代谢能。 |
| Sows 母猪 | Weaners 断奶仔猪 |
| Gestant 妊娠 | Nursing 哺乳 | 6-9 kg | 9-20 kg | 9-30 kg | 20-30 kg | Calcium, g 钙，克 | 0.56 | 0.64 | 0.56 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | Digest. phos., g 可消化磷，克 | 0.18 | 0.22 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.23 | Total phos.,g 总磷，克 | 0.36 | 0.44 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.46 | Sodium, g 钠，克 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | Chloride, g 氯化物，克 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | Potassium, g 钾，克 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | Magnesium, g 镁，克 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | Iron, mg 铁，毫克 | 6.41 | 6.41 | 12.02 (1) | 12.02 (1) | 12.02 (1) | 12.02 (1) | Copper, mg 铜，毫克 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.48 | Manganese, mg 锰，毫克 | 3.21 | 3.21 | 3.21 | 3.21 | 3.21 | 3.21 | Zinc, mg 锌，毫克 | 8.01 | 8.01 | 8.01 | 8.01 | 8.01 | 8.01 | Iodine, mg 碘，毫克 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | Selenium, mg (2) 硒，毫克（2） | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | (1) Hereof at least 100 mg easily soluble iron salt. 至少100毫克可溶解铁盐 (2) According to the Danish Feedstuff Act, mixes cannot contain more than 0.50 mg selenium per kg complete diet as a maximum. Depending on the composition of the feed this means that 0.02- 0.03 mg selenium per MJ ME can be added. 按照丹麦饲料法案，每公斤混合饲料中完全可消化硒的含量不能超过0.50毫克。根据饲料中硒的化合物的组成，硒的添加量为0.02-0.03毫克/兆焦代谢能。 |
Table 5. Mineral nutrient standards for growing pigs and finishers, total amount per MJ ME 表五、生长、育肥猪的矿物质营养标准，总含量/兆焦代谢能 |
| 20-45 kg | 30-45 kg | 25-100 kg | 45-100 kg | 65-100 kg | Calcium, g 钙，克 | 0.64 | 0.60 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.52 | Digest. phos. G 可消化磷，克 | 0.21 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.16 | Total phos., g 总磷，克 | 0.42 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.32 | Sodium, g 钠，克 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.12 | Chloride, g 氯化物，克 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | Potassium, g 钾，克 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | Magnesium, g 镁，克 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | Iron, mg 铁，毫克 | 6.41 | 6.41 | 6.41 | 6.41 | 6.41 | Copper, mg 铜，毫克 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.48 | Manganese, mg 锰，毫克 | 3.21 | 3.21 | 3.21 | 3.21 | 3.21 | Zinc, mg 锌，毫克 | 8.01 | 8.01 | 8.01 | 8.01 | 8.01 | Iodine, mg 碘，毫克 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | Selenium, mg (1) 硒，毫克（1） | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | (1) According to the Danish Feedstuff Act, mixes cannot contain more than 0.50 mg selenium per kg complete diet as a maximum. Depending on the composition of the feed this means that 0.02-0.03 selenium per MJ ME can be added. 按照丹麦饲料法案，每公斤混合饲料中完全可消化硒的含量不能超过0.50毫克。根据饲料中硒的化合物的组成，硒的添加量为0.02-0.03毫克/兆焦代谢能。 |
与矿物质营养标准恰好相反，维生素的营养标准添加量没有考虑基础饲料中维生素的含量（见表六）。主要原因是饲料中天然维生素的含量变化很大并且吸收率较低。 Table 6. Vitamin standards for pigs, added amount per MJ ME 表六、猪的维生素营养标准，添加量/兆焦代谢能 |
| Breeding Animals 种猪 | Weaners 3-5 week Approx. 6-9 kg 断奶猪3-5周，6-9公斤 | Weaners 5-10 weeks Approx. 9-30 kg 断奶猪5-10周，9-30公斤 | Finishers 25-100 kg 生长育肥猪 25-100公斤 | Vitamin A, i.e. 维生素A， 国际单位 | 641 | 641 | 401 | 321 | Vitamin D 3, i.e. 维生素D3， 国际单位 | 64 | 64 | 40 | 32 | Vitamin E, mg* 维生素E，毫克 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | Vitamin K3, mg 维生素K3,毫克 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 | Thiamine (B1), mg 硫胺（VB1），毫克 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 | Riboflavin (B2), mg 核黄素（VB2） | 0.40 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.16 | Pyridoxine (B6), mg 维生素B6，毫克 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.24 | Niacin, mg 烟酸，毫克 | 1.60 | 1.60 | 1.60 | 1.60 | Biotin, mg 生物素，毫克 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.004 | D-panthothenic acid, mg D-泛酸（VB5），毫克 | 1.20 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | Folic acid, mg 叶酸，毫克 | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Vit. B12, mcg 维生素B12，毫微克 | 1.60 | 1.60 | 1.60 | 1.60 | * As dl-alpha-tocopherol. 为dl-α-生育酚（维生素E） |
Table 7 summarizes the feed dose in the production cycle of the sows [6] [7]. 表七、不同生产周期母猪的采食量的总结 Table 7. Summary of the guidelines for the feed dose for sows in the entire production cycle. 表七、不同生产周期母猪采食量的总结 | Period，周期 | Days，天 | Feed, MJ ME (per day) 日采食量，兆焦代谢能 | Comments 评价标准 | Dry period * 空怀期 - non-productive period - 不繁殖期 - weaning to service - 断奶至配种 | 16 6 | 800 (50) 300 (50) | Quick heat and ovulation 发情快、排卵 | Gestation period 妊娠期 - 1st – 3rd week 第1-3周 - 3rd – 12th week 第3-12周 - 12th – 16th week 第12-16周 - 2-3 days before farrowing 分娩前2-3天 | 21 63 26 2-3 | 472.5 – 525 (22.5 – 25) 1732.5 (27.5) 1225 (43.75) 55 – 82.5 (27.5) | Implantation 胚胎着床 Implantation 胚胎着床 Growth of embryo and udder 胚胎和乳腺的发育 Avoid M.M.A. 避免无乳综合症 | Nursing period ** 哺乳期 - 1st week 第1周 - 2nd week 第2周 - 3th – 4th week 第3-4周 | 31 7 7 17 | 402,5 (57.5) 490 (70) 1360 (80) | Milk production, avoid weigth loss 泌乳生产，避免体重损失 | * The average production level per herd [6]. 每个猪场的平均生产水平。 ** The nursing period is divided into 3. Basis for the first week is 13 piglets per sow; 12 piglets in the second week and 11 piglets per sow until weaning [7]. 哺乳期分为3阶段：基础为第一周13头仔猪/母猪；第二周12仔猪/母猪；直至断奶前11头仔猪。 |
Table 8. Feeding strategies for gilts in the growth period. 表八、后备母猪在生长期的饲养 |
| Live weight, kg 活体重 | 30-60 | 60-100 | 100-130 |
| Strategy 1 策略1 | 1375 MJ ME per 100 kg， 1375兆焦代谢能/100千克 0.62 MJ ME digestible lysine，0.62克可消化赖氨酸/兆焦代谢能 | 1325 MJ ME per 100 kg，1325兆焦代谢能/100千克 0.52 MJ ME digestible lysine，0.52兆焦代谢能可消化赖氨酸 | 1300 MJ ME per 100 kg，1300兆焦代谢能/100千克 0.32 MJ ME digestible lysine，0.32兆焦代谢能可消化赖氨酸 |
| Strategy 2 策略2 | 1325 MJ ME per 100 kg，1325兆焦代谢能/100千克 0.60 MJ ME digestible lysine，0.60兆焦代谢能可消化赖氨酸 | 1300 MJ ME per 100 kg，1300兆焦代谢能/100千克 0.32 MJ ME digestible lysine，0.32兆焦代谢能可消化赖氨酸 |
| Strategy 3 策略3 | 1375 MJ ME per 100 kg，1325兆焦代谢能/100千克 0.62 MJ ME digestible lysine，0.62兆焦代谢能可消化赖氨酸 | 1325 MJ ME per 100 kg，1325兆焦代谢能/100千克 0.48 MJ ME digestible lysine，0.48兆焦代谢能可消化赖氨酸 |
|
| Table 9. Feeding strategy for gilts (until 50 kg, feeding with a mix for young pigs/slaughter pigs, after that a mix for nursing sows is used.) 表九、后备母猪的饲养策略(50公斤体重后，饲喂生长育肥猪饲料，之后饲喂哺乳母猪饲料) |
| Live weight, kg 活体重 | Strategy 1, MJ ME per day 策略1，兆焦代谢能/天 | Strategy 2, MJ ME per day 策略2，兆焦代谢能/天 | Lysine (g digest. per MJ ME) 赖氨酸(克，可消化/兆焦代谢能) |
| 25 | 12.50 | 18.75 | 0.62 |
| 50 | 20.00 | 31.25 | 0.48 |
| 75 | 30.00 | 31.25 | 0.48 |
| 100 | 33.75 | 31.25 | 0.48 |
| Table 10. Feed dose, protein level and feed mix for breeding boars 表十、种公猪饲料中的蛋白质水平和饲喂方法 |
| Weight, kg 体重，千克 | MJ ME per day 兆焦代谢能/天 | Digest. crude prot., g per MJ ME 可消化粗蛋白，克/兆焦代谢能 | Feed 饲喂 |
| 25-50 | Ad lib. 自由采食 | 12.00 -12.80 | Mix for slaughter pigs 生长猪饲料 |
| 50-90 | Max. 31.25 最多31.25 | 10.40 | Mix for nursing sows 哺乳母猪饲料 |
| Above 90 90以上 | According to feed condition (25.00 -37.50) 根据饲养条件(25.00-37.50) | 10.40 | Mix for nursing sows 哺乳母猪饲料 |
| Table 11. Guidelines for the use of simple feed mixes 表十一、简单混合饲料的使用 |
| Simple feed mixes 简单混合饲料 |
| Observe the guidelines for nutrients 遵守营养成分的使用方法 |
| Energy content of approx.15.00 MJ ME per kg in starter (6-9 kg) mix and 14.38 MJ ME per kg in finishing (9-30 kg) mix 开始时(6-9千克体重)饲料的能量为15.00兆焦代谢能/公斤，结束时(9-30千克体重)饲料的能量为14.38兆焦代谢能/公斤。 |
| Crude protein: total 20-22 percent and12.00 -12.40 g digestible crude protein per MJ ME 粗蛋白含量：总计20-22%，12.00-12.420克可消化粗蛋白/兆焦代谢能 |
| Max 10% soybean meal in starter mix 开始时的饲料中豆粕的添加量不超过10%。 |
| Max 20% soybean meal in finisher mix 结束时饲料中豆粕添加量不超过20%。 |
| Other proteins in the form of easily digestible protein sources: Fish meal, soy protein concentrate, potato protein, whey powder, skimmed milk powder etc. 其它易消化的蛋白质饲料来源：鱼粉、大豆浓缩蛋白、马铃薯蛋白、乳清粉、脱脂牛奶等 |
| Adjust the mix using synthetic amino acids 添加合成氨基酸配制混合饲料 |
| Use good and healthy raw materials 使用好的利于健康的原料。 |
Herds with diarrhoea problems in weaned piglets may use a protective mix as starter feed (in the first 2 weeks) after weaning in order to improve the health of the pigs. Protective mixes, however, should be used with great care as they have a lower content of protein and energy, and thus could cause a reduction in the production results. Guidelines for the use of protective mixes appear in Table 12. 猪群中有腹泻问题时，开始的断奶仔猪饲料中（断奶后前2周）添加保护物以期提高仔猪的健康水平。但是对添加保护物要小心，不要因此降低了生长速度，因为添加的保护物的蛋白质含量和能量较少。表十二为保护物的使用方法。
Table 12. Guidelines for the use of protective mixes (in case of diarrhoea) 表十二、添加保护物的使用方法（存在腹泻的猪群） |
| Observe the guidelines for nutrients 遵守营养成分的使用方法 |
| Energy content of approx. 15.00 MJ ME per kg in starter (6-9 kg) mix and 14.38 MJ ME per kg in finishing (9-30 kg) mix 开始时(6-9千克体重)饲料的能量为15.00兆焦代谢能/公斤，结束时(9-30千克体重)饲料的能量为14.38兆焦代谢能/公斤。 |
| Crude protein: total 18-20 percent. 10.40-11.60 g digestible crude protein per MJ ME 粗蛋白含量：总计18-20%，10.40-11.60克可消化粗蛋白/兆焦代谢能 |
| 0-2 % soy meal in starter mix 开始时的饲料中豆粕的添加量0-2%。 |
| 0-10 % soy meal in finisher mix 结束时饲料中豆粕添加量0-10%。 |
| Min. 20% barley or decorticated oats 至少20%的大麦或者脱壳的燕麦 |
| Only easily digestible protein sources: Fish meal, soy protein concentrate, potato protein, whey powder, skimmed milk powder etc. 其它易消化的蛋白质饲料来源：鱼粉、大豆浓缩蛋白、马铃薯蛋白、乳清粉、脱脂牛奶等 |
| No limestone (use other sources of calcium) 不添加石灰石（使用其它钙源） |
| Add minimum 1% acid product (e.g. sorbic acid, lactic acid, formic acid etc.) 添加至少1%的酸制品（譬如：山梨酸、乳酸、乙酸等） |
| Use good and healthy raw materials 使用好的利于健康的原料。 |
| Table 13. Guidelines for feed dose for young pigs and slaughter pigs 表十三、生长育肥猪的日粮方案 |
| At a daily gain of 830 g |
| Days from weaning 断奶后的日龄 | Weight 体重 | MJ ME per day 兆焦代谢能/天 | 0 | 7.3 | - | 7 | 7.9 | 4.38 | 14 | 9.7 | 6.63 | 21 | 12.2 | 8.25 | 28 | 15.1 | 9.88 | 35 | 18.4 | 11.63 | 42 | 22.1 | 13.63 | 49 | 26.1. | 15.75 | 56 | 30.6 | 18.00 | 63 | 35.4 | 20.38 | 70 | 40.5 | 22.75 | 77 | 45.9 | 25.13 | 84 | 51.6 | 27.50 | 91 | 57.5 | 29.88 | 98 | 63.6 | 32.13 | 105 | 69.8 | 34.25 | 112 | 76.1 | 35.63 | 119 | 82.4 | 35.63 | 126 | 88.8 | 35.63 | 133 | 95.1 | 35.63 | 140 | 101.4 | 35.63 | Table 14. Advantages and disadvantages of phase feeding 表十四、阶段饲养的优点和缺点 | Advantages 优点 | Disadvantages 缺点 | Lower feed price because of reduced use of amino acids and minerals. 因减少了氨基酸和矿物质的用量，饲料价格比较便宜。 | Higher risk of inadequate supply of nutrients due to common mixing uncertainty. 由于饲料混合不均匀，有营养供应不足的风险 | Possibility of giving the 30 – 40 kg pigs a better starter mix at the beginning would make it possible to lower the feed price later on because of a cheaper finisher mix. 有可能给体重30-40Kg的猪开始饲喂较好的饲料，将有可能在后来降低饲料价格，因为育肥猪的饲料更加便宜。 | Higher management requirements: changing mixes at the right time + extra feed mixes. 饲养管理要求较高，及时更换不同阶段的饲料以及增加喂料量 | Possibility of giving the smallest pigs a protective mix. 有可能给更小的猪饲喂给予保护的日粮。 | Higher investments in feed mills. 饲料厂的投资较高 | Possibility of controlling the feed conversion and thereby the meat percentage better in the last part of the growth period. 有可能控制饲料转化率，达到生长后期较高的瘦肉率 | Small pigs (especially female pigs) in a pen are more likely to be under-supplied with amino acids according to their needs. 同一栏舍的小猪(尤其是小母猪)，氨基酸的供给量不足 | Reduced content of N and P in the manure 降低了粪便中的氮和磷的含量 |
| Better welfare of gestant sows with filling feed that also gives better behaviour in loose housing. 因喂料改善，提高了妊娠母猪的福利，同时散养母猪有更好的行为 |
| Table 15. Water need of pigs 表十五、猪的饮水需要 | Animal group，猪的类别 | Water need, L per animal per day 饮水需要量，升/头猪/天 | Suckling pigs (incl. colostrum)，哺乳仔猪（包括初生仔猪） | 1-2 | Piglets，小猪 | 1-5 | Young pigs (15-45 kg)，中猪 | 4-8 | Slaughter pigs (45-100 kg)，大猪 | 6-10 | Gestant sows，妊娠母猪 | 12-20 | Nursing sows，哺乳母猪 | 25-35 | Boars，公猪 | 8-10 |
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