【原】英语一般过去时的用法大全

一、往期回顾

英语一般现在时的用法大全

英语现在进行时的用法大全

英语一般将来时的用法大全

二、一般过去时

（一）定义

一般过去时主要用来表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。常与表过去的时间状语连用。如：

• He came here yesterday.

• We visited Paris last week.

（二）基本结构

一般过去时的句子结构一般为：

主语+was/were/did+其他成分

如：

• She was at the party yesterday evening.

• They went to the park this Friday.

• He told me that I could leave for Shanghai.
  

（三）主要用法

1、表过去某个时间会发生的动作或状态

• The dog had a house of its own just now.

• She came to see me yesterday afternoon.

2、表过去习惯性或经常性的动作或状态

• I smoked a lot when I was a college student.

• You were always at home on weekends last month.

【注意】

过去习惯的表达经常会用到used to do，但用了这个短语，往往意味着现在这个习惯已经没有了。如：

• He used to smoke a lot. （他过去烟瘾很重。）

（四）动词的过去式

动词过去式的变化规则主要有：

1、+ed

大部分动词都直接在词尾加ed。如：played、worked

2、+d

以不发音的e结尾的动词，直接在词尾加d。如：deleted（删除）、faded（消逝）

3、+ied

以辅音+y结尾的动词，要改y为i，再加ed。如：studied、cried

4、+ked

以ic结尾的动词，要先加k再加ed。如：panicked（恐慌）、trafficked（贩运）

5、双写+ed

当单词以重读闭音节结尾时，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stopped、padded（填塞）

6、不规则

不规则的动词关键在于多识记，如：put-put，come-came，go-went，take-took，lend-lent。

【注意】

关于词尾ed的发音，可以参考我之前分享的这篇文章：

动词过去式词尾-ed的发音规则

（五）标志性词语

1、yesterday系列

这类时间状语主要有：yesterday、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening、the day before yesterday等。如：

• I met an old friend on the street the day before yesterday.

• The band gave a performance at the bar yesterday evening.

2、last系列

这类时间状语主要是指由“last+时间单位”引导的短语：last Wednesday / last week / last month / last summer / last year等。如：

• They spent their holiday in Berlin last month.

• She left for Beijing on business last week.

3、ago系列

这个短语的意思是“多长时间之前”，其结构为：时间段+ago。如：

• The train left five minutes ago.

• The plane arrived an hour ago.

4、just now

该短语表示“刚才”。如：

• Our English teacher gave us a lecture on British accent just now.

• The principal told us just now that there would be a great change in our school this coming summer.

5、the other day

I left my handbag on the train to Tokyo the other day.

She ran into her primary school English teacher at the party the other day.

6、“this+过去时间”系列

• She visited the museum this Thursday.

• My aunt came here this Tuesday.

（六）句型转换

1、was/were

当句子的谓语动词是由was/were引导时，was/were就相当于助动词，其否定句直接在后面加not即可，疑问句只要把was/were提前即可。如：

• 原句：Kerry was in her hometown last Sunday.

• 否定句：Kerry wasn't in her hometown last Sunday.

• 一般疑问句：Was Kerry in her hometown last Sunday?

• 划线部分提问：Where was Kerry last Sunday?（提问in her hometown）
  

2、did

当句子的谓语动词为实义动词（行为动词）时，其否定句和疑问句的变化要借助助动词did。如：

• 原句：Kerry showed me around her hometown last Sunday.

• 一般疑问句：Did Kerry show you around her hometown last Sunday? Yes, she did. / No, she didn't.

• 划线部分提问：When did Kerry show you around her hometown? (提问last Sunday)

3、非was/were/did

当句子的谓语动词为非was/were/did的动词时（即谓语动词中含有情态动词或助动词时），其否定句和疑问句的变化与was/were的情况相同。如：

• 原句：It could be worse.

• 否定句：It couldn't be worse.

• 一般疑问句：Could it be worse? Yes, it could. / No, it couldn't.

• 划线部分提问：What could be worse?（提问it）

（七）小试牛刀

1. He __________(work) in the factory six months ago.

2. I __________(see) her on the street last week.

3. Mary __________(arrive) at the airport at 7 tomorrow evening.

4. The girl __________(have) a cup of coffee now

5. When __________ he __________(buy) the car? Last October.

6. She __________ (get) up late this morning.

7. She __________(not paint) the desk next Friday.

8. My father __________(meet) one of his schoolmates at the party the other day.

9. __________ (be) you here just now? No, I __________(be not) here.

10. He __________ (put) on a coat because it was very cold yesterday.

【参考答案】

1. worked

2. saw

3. will arrive

4. is having

5. did, buy

6. got

7. will not paint / won't paint

8. met

9. Were, wasn't / was not

10. put

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