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小学英语语法大全经典全面(七)介词

 苗苗8 2017-04-12

介词又叫前置词,是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间关系的词,它一般放在名词、代词(宾格)或动词(动词ing形式)前面。

 

1、in

① 在……里面。如:in the classroom

② in+颜色,穿着……颜色的衣服。如:Who’s the man in white?

③ in+语言,用某种语言说。如:What’s this in English?

④ 在上午、下午、晚上。如:in the morning,in the afternoon,in the evening

⑤ 在年、月、季节前。如:in 2008,in August,in summer

⑥ 在国家、城市和较大的地方前。如:in China,in Wuxi,in the playground

⑦ 固定搭配。 如:in the middle of(在……中间),do well in(擅长),in the day(在白天),take part in(参加),stay in bed(躺在床上),in the street(在街上)

 

2、on

①在……上面。 如:on the desk

②用在某一天(上、下午)前。如:on the 5th of May,on Sunday,on Monday morning

③以Day结尾的节日前。如: on Children’s Day,on New Year’s Day

④固定搭配。如:on foot(步行),on duty(值日),put on(穿上),get on(上车)

turn on(打开),on the right / left(在右边/左边),on the wall (在墙上),on Zhongshan

Road(在中山路上)

注 意:树上长的水果用on the tree;不是树上长的外来物用in the tree。

如:I can see a lot of apples on the tree.   There is a boy in the tree.

 

3、at

①在某个时刻前。如:at seven o’clock

②在传统节日前。如:at Spring Festival,at Mid-Autumn Festival,at Christmas

③在较小的地点。如:at the bus stop

④固定搭配。如:at once(立刻,马上),be good at(擅长……),look at(看),at home(在家),at school(在学校), at weekends(在周末), at the back of(在……后部), at night(在夜晚)

 

4、under  在……下面  如:There is a cat under the table.

 

5、behind   在……后面  如:There is an umbrella behind the door.

 

6、near   靠近……  如:There is a park near my house.

 

7、beside   在……旁边  如:The students are standing beside the teacher.

 

8、next  to  紧靠……旁边  如:The teachers’ office is next to our classroom.

 

9、before  (时间上)在……之前  如: before class(上课前)

 

10、after   (时间上)在……之后;依照

固定搭配: after class(课后),after school(放学后),look after(照看),run after(追赶),read after me(跟我读)

 

11、between   在两者之间  如:There are some trees between Building A and Building B.

 

12、by   乘某种交通工具  如:by bus,by plane,by the way(顺便说一下)

 

13、from

①be from = come from(来自……) 如:Mr Smiths is/comes from Australia.

②from…to…(从……到……)We go to school from Monday to Friday.

 

14、to   到、去…… 如:Let’s go to the zoo. 固定搭配:write to(给xx写信)

 

15、about  关于;大约

如: I want to buy a book about animals.   It’s about one kilometer away.

 

16、for  为、给……  如:Here’s a letter for you.  What’s for breakfast?

固定搭配:look for (寻找),wait for(等候)

 

17、with 

①与……一起。如:I’ll go shopping with my mother.

②具有某种特征。如:Who’s the boy with big eyes?

③help... with...  在某方面帮助某人  如: Can you help me with my English?

④play with...  和……一起玩;拿……玩  如:play with me,play with a yo-yo

 

18、in front of 在……前面 如:There is a tree in front of the classroom.

in the front of 在……前部 如:There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.

 

19、along  沿着,顺着   如:Go along this street.

 

20、as  作为   如:What would you like as a birthday present?

 

21、out of  从……出来;往……之外  如:The dog is running out of the house.

 

22、of  ……的,属于……  如:a map of China ,a map of the world

 

23、off  离开,在……之外  如:keep off the grass(勿踏草坪),get off(下车)

 

24、up  向上  如:stand up(起立),pull up carrots(拔胡萝卜)

 

25、down  向下  如:sit down(坐下), jump up and down(上下跳)


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